apache ab压力测试工具的参数详解

ab - Apache HTTP server benchmarking tool

ab

 is a tool for benchmarking your Apache Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) server. It is designed to give you an impression of how your current Apache
installation performs. This especially shows you how many requests per second your Apache installation is capable of serving.

Synopsis

ab [ -A auth-username:password ] [ -b windowsize ] [ -c concurrency ] [
-C cookie-name=value ] [ -d ] [ -e csv-file ] [ -f protocol] [ -g gnuplot-file ] [ -h ] [ -H custom-header ]
[ -i ] [ -k ] [ -n requests ] [ -p POST-file ] [ -P proxy-auth-username:password ] [ -q ] [ -r ]
[ -s ] [ -S ] [ -t timelimit ] [ -T content-type ] [ -u PUT-file ] [ -v verbosity] [ -V ] [ -w ]
[ -x <table>-attributes ] [ -X proxy[:port] ] [ -y <tr>-attributes ] [ -z <td>-attributes ] [ -Z ciphersuite ]
[http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path

Options

-A auth-username:password

Supply BASIC Authentication credentials to the server. The username and password are separated by a single 

:

 and sent on the wire base64 encoded. The
string is sent regardless of whether the server needs it (i.e., has sent an 401 authentication needed).

-b windowsize

Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes.

-c concurrency

Number of multiple requests to perform at a time. Default is one request at a time.

-C cookie-name=value

Add a 

Cookie:

 line to the request. The argument is typically in the form of a 

name=value

 pair.
This field is repeatable.

-d

Do not display the "percentage served within XX [ms] table". (legacy support).

-e csv-file

Write a Comma separated value (CSV) file which contains for each percentage (from 1% to 100%) the time (in milliseconds) it took to serve that percentage of the requests. This is usually more useful than the 'gnuplot' file; as
the results are already 'binned'.

-f protocol

Specify SSL/TLS protocol (SSL2, SSL3, TLS1, or ALL).

-g gnuplot-file

Write all measured values out as a 'gnuplot' or TSV (Tab separate values) file. This file can easily be imported into packages like Gnuplot, IDL, Mathematica, Igor or even Excel. The labels are on the first line of the file.

-h

Display usage information.

-H custom-header

Append extra headers to the request. The argument is typically in the form of a valid header line, containing a colon-separated field-value pair (i.e., 

"Accept-Encoding:
zip/zop;8bit"

).

-i

Do 

HEAD

 requests instead of 

GET

.

-k

Enable the HTTP KeepAlive feature, i.e., perform multiple requests within one HTTP session. Default is no KeepAlive.

-n requests

Number of requests to perform for the benchmarking session. The default is to just perform a single request which usually leads to non-representative benchmarking results.

-p POST-file

File containing data to POST. Remember to also set 

-T

.

-P proxy-auth-username:password

Supply BASIC Authentication credentials to a proxy en-route. The username and password are separated by a single 

:

 and sent on the wire base64 encoded.
The string is sent regardless of whether the proxy needs it (i.e., has sent an 407 proxy authentication needed).

-q

When processing more than 150 requests, 

ab

 outputs a progress count on 

stderr

 every
10% or 100 requests or so. The 

-q

 flag will suppress these messages.

-r

Don't exit on socket receive errors.

-s

When compiled in (

ab -h

 will show you) use the SSL protected 

https

 rather
than the 

http

 protocol. This feature is experimental and very rudimentary. You probably do not want to use it.

-S

Do not display the median and standard deviation values, nor display the warning/error messages when the average and median are more than one or two times the standard deviation apart. And default to the min/avg/max values. (legacy
support).

-t timelimit

Maximum number of seconds to spend for benchmarking. This implies a 

-n 50000

 internally. Use this to benchmark the server within a fixed total amount
of time. Per default there is no timelimit.

-T content-type

Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg. 

application/x-www-form-urlencoded

. Default: 

text/plain

.

-u PUT-file

File containing data to PUT. Remember to also set 

-T

.

-v verbosity

Set verbosity level - 

4

 and above prints information on headers, 

3

 and
above prints response codes (404, 200, etc.), 

2

 and above prints warnings and info.

-V

Display version number and exit.

-w

Print out results in HTML tables. Default table is two columns wide, with a white background.

-x <table>-attributes

String to use as attributes for 

<table>

. Attributes are inserted 

<table here >

.

-X proxy[:port]

Use a proxy server for the requests.

-y <tr>-attributes

String to use as attributes for 

<tr>

.

-z <td>-attributes

String to use as attributes for 

<td>

.

-Z ciphersuite

Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers).

Description of output

The following list describes the values returned by 

ab

:
Server SoftwareThe value, if any, returned in the server HTTP header of the first successful response. This includes all characters in the header from beginning to the point a character with decimal value of 32 (most notably: a space
or CR/LF) is detected.Server HostnameThe DNS or IP address given on the command lineServer PortThe port to which ab is connecting. If no port is given on the command line, this will default to 80 for http and 443 for https.SSL/TLS ProtocolThe protocol parameters negotiated between the client and server. This will only be printed if SSL is used.Document PathThe request URI parsed from the command line string.Document LengthThis is size in bytes of the first succesfully returning document. If the document length changes during testing, the response is considered an error.Concurrency LevelThe number of concurrent clients used during the testTime taken for testsThis is the time taken from the moment the first socket connection is created to the moment the last response is recievedComplete requestsThe number of successful responses recievedFailed requestsThe number of requests that were considered a failure. If the number is greater than zero, another line will be printed showing the numer of requests that failed due to connecting, reading, incorrect content length, or exceptions.Write errorsThe number of errors that failed during write (broken pipe).Non-2xx responsesThe number of responses that were not in the 200 series of response codes. If all responses were 200, this field is not printed.Keep-Alive requestsThe number of connections that resulted in Keep-Alive requestsTotal body sentIf configured to send data as part of the test, this is the total number of bytes sent during the tests. This field is omitted if the test did not include a body to send.Total transferredThe total number of bytes received from the server. This number is essentially the number of bytes sent over the wire.HTML transferredThe total number of document bytes received from the server. This number excludes bytes received in HTTP headersRequests per secondThis is the number of requests per second. This value is the result of dividing the number of requests by the total time takenTime per requestThe average time spent per request. The first value is calculated with the formula 

concurrency * timetaken * 1000 / done

 while the second value is
calculated with the formula 

timetaken * 1000 / done

Transfer rateThe rate of transfer as calculated by the formula 

totalread / 1024 / timetaken

详情参照：http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/programs/ab.html#comments_thread_post