基于centos搭建nginx+uwsgi运行django环境

转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/liu-yao/p/5378960.html环境：CentOS 7nginx/1.9.12Python 2.7.5一：安装依赖包5

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel
sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel python-pip  -y

二：安装uwsgi

uwsgi:https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uWSGIuwsgi参数详解：http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Options.htmlpip install uwsgi
uwsgi --version

三：测试uwsgi是否正常：

新建test.py文件，内容如下：def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])    return "liuyao"然后在终端运行：

uwsgi --http :8080 --wsgi-file test.py

在浏览器内输入：http://127.0.0.1:8080，
看是否有“liuyao”输出，若没有输出，请检查你的安装过程。

四：安装django

pip install django

测试django是否正常，运行：

django-admin.py startproject newsite
cd newsite
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000在浏览器内输入：http://127.0.0.1:8000，检查django是否运行正常。

五：安装nginx

1.下载
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz2.解压 tar xf nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.9.12.tar.gz3.编译
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.9.12 \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module4.安装
make && make install
注：您可自行改变参数设置，具体请上官网学习，如果已经存在nginx服务，那么此步可省略

六：配置uwsgiuwsgi支持ini、xml等多种配置方式，但个人感觉ini更方便：

在/ect/目录下新建uwsgi.ini，添加如下配置：
[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:9090 //运行端口号master = true           //主进程vhost = true           //多站模式no-stie = true         //多站模式时不设置入口模块和文件workers = 2            //子进程数reload-mercy = 10     vacuum = true          //退出、重启时清理文件max-requests = 1000   limit-as = 512buffer-sizi = 30000pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi.pid    //pid文件，用于下面的脚本启动、停止该进程
daemonize = /日志目录/uwsgi.log
启动方式：
uwsgi /etc/uwsgi.ini

七：设置nginx找到nginx的安装目录，打开conf/nginx.conf文件，修改server配置

server {
listen       80;      //设置网站运行端口
server_name  localhost;

location / {
include  uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9090;         //必须和uwsgi中的设置一致
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT newsite.wsgi;  //入口文件，即wsgi.py相对于项目根目录的位置，“.”相当于一层目录
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /newsite;       //项目根目录，
index  index.html index.htm;
client_max_body_size 35m;
}
}

注：
1.uwsgi脚本请放在/etc/init.d/uwsgi 设置可执行

DESC="uwsgi daemon"NAME=uwsgi
DAEMON=/usr/bin/uwsgi
CONFIGFILE=/etc/$NAME.ini
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAMEset -e[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
do_start() {$DAEMON $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "uwsgi  running" }do_stop() {    $DAEMON --stop $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi not running"
rm -f $PIDFILE
echo "$DAEMON STOPED."}do_reload() {    $DAEMON --reload $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi can't reload"}do_status() {
ps aux|grep $DAEMON}case "$1" instatus)    echo -en "Status $NAME: \n"
do_status
;;
start)    echo -en "Starting $NAME: \n"
do_start
;;
stop)    echo -en "Stopping $NAME: \n"
do_stop
;;
reload|graceful)    echo -en "Reloading $NAME: \n"
do_reload
;;
*)    echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload}" >&2    exit 3
;;esacexit 0

八：测试OK，一切配置完毕，在终端运行

/etc/init.d/uwsgi start/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 或者直接启动

在浏览器输入：http://127.0.0.1，恭喜你可以看到django的“It work”了~

九：多站配置

使用多个uwsgi服务的方法来实现多个站点。

重复第六步，创建uwsgi9091.ini，并相应修改文件中的

socket = 127.0.0.1:9091pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi9091.piddaemonize = /日志目录/uwsgi9091.log

并且设置脚本 启动服务然后新建nginx的配置文件为：

server {
listen  8000;
server_name 127.0.0.1;
location / {
include  uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9091;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT oldsite.wsgi;
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /web/oldsite；        index  index.html index.htm;
}
}

然后我们就可以通过http://127.0.0.1:8000来访问新的网站了。

完毕！
另一篇，转自ALEX：

uwsgi介绍

uWSGI是一个Web服务器，它实现了WSGI协议、uwsgi、http等协议。Nginx中HttpUwsgiModule的作用是与uWSGI服务器进行交换。

要注意 WSGI / uwsgi / uWSGI 这三个概念的区分。

WSGI是一种Web服务器网关接口。它是一个Web服务器（如nginx，uWSGI等服务器）与web应用（如用Flask框架写的程序）通信的一种规范。
uwsgi是一种线路协议而不是通信协议，在此常用于在uWSGI服务器与其他网络服务器的数据通信。
而uWSGI是实现了uwsgi和WSGI两种协议的Web服务器。
uwsgi协议是一个uWSGI服务器自有的协议，它用于定义传输信息的类型（type of information），每一个uwsgi packet前4byte为传输信息类型描述，它与WSGI相比是两样东西。
uWSGI的主要特点如下

超快的性能
低内存占用（实测为apache2的mod_wsgi的一半左右）
多app管理（终于不用冥思苦想下个app用哪个端口比较好了-.-）
详尽的日志功能（可以用来分析app性能和瓶颈）
高度可定制（内存大小限制，服务一定次数后重启等）
Uwsgi 安装使用

# Install the latest stable release:
pip install uwsgi
# ... or if you want to install the latest LTS (long term support) release,
pip install https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-lts.tar.gz 基本测试

Create a file called test.py:

# test.py
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return [b"Hello World"] # python3
#return ["Hello World"] # python2

运行

uwsgi --http :8000 --wsgi-file test.py
用uwsgi 启动django

uwsgi --http :8000 --module mysite.wsgi
可以把参数写到配置文件里

root@ubuntu:~/uwsgi-test$ more crazye-uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]
http = :9000
#the local unix socket file than commnuincate to Nginx
socket = 127.0.0.1:8001
# the base directory (full path)
chdir = /home/alex/CrazyEye
# Django's wsgi file
wsgi-file = CrazyEye/wsgi.py
# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 4
#thread numbers startched in each worker process
threads = 2

#monitor uwsgi status
stats = 127.0.0.1:9191
# clear environment on exit
vacuum = true

启动

/usr/local/bin/uwsgi crazye-uwsgi.ini
Nginx安装使用

sudo apt-get install nginx
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start # start nginx
为你的项目生成Nginx配置文件

You will need the uwsgi_params file, which is available in the nginx directory of the uWSGI distribution, or from https://github.com/nginx/nginx/blob/master/conf/uwsgi_params
Copy it into your project directory. In a moment we will tell nginx to refer to it.

Now create a file called mysite_nginx.conf, and put this in it:

# mysite_nginx.conf

# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}

# configuration of the server
server {
# the port your site will be served on
listen 8000;
# the domain name it will serve for
server_name .example.com; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
charset utf-8;

# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M; # adjust to taste

# Django media
location /media {
alias /path/to/your/mysite/media; # your Django project's media files - amend as required
}

location /static {
alias /path/to/your/mysite/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required
}

# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
location / {
uwsgi_pass django;
include /path/to/your/mysite/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
}
}
This conf file tells nginx to serve up media and static files from the filesystem, as well as handle requests that require Django’s intervention. For a large deployment it is considered good practice to let one server handle static/media files, and another handle Django applications, but for now, this will do just fine.

Symlink to this file from /etc/nginx/sites-enabled so nginx can see it:

sudo ln -s ~/path/to/your/mysite/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
Deploying static files

Before running nginx, you have to collect all Django static files in the static folder. First of all you have to edit mysite/settings.py adding:

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
and then run

python manage.py collectstatic
　　

此时启动Nginx 和Uwsgi，你的django项目就可以实现高并发啦！