nginx配置反向代理解决前后端分离跨域问题

摘自《AngularJS深度剖析与最佳实践》P132

nginx配置文件如下：

server {
listen 80;
server_name your.domain.name;
location / {
# 把跟路径下的请求转发给前端工具链（如gulp）打开的开发服务器
# 如果是产品环境，则使用root等指令配置为静态文件服务器
proxy_pass http://localhost:5000/; }

location /api/ {
# 把 /api 路径下的请求转发给真正的后端服务器
proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/service/; # 把host头传过去，后端服务程序将收到your.domain.name, 否则收到的是localhost:8080
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
# 把cookie中的path部分从/api替换成/service
proxy_cookie_path /api /service;
# 把cookie的path部分从localhost:8080替换成your.domain.name
proxy_cookie_domain localhost:8080 your.domain.name
}

}

配置完成后重启nginx服务：

nginx -s reload

flying get√ 总是要拼了命继续努力

目前很多网站都是用前后端完全分离的模式实现，即：后端通过API提供数据，前端使用API获取数据并渲染。不过这样做会存在API跨域的问题，这里介绍一种通过Nginx配置解决跨域问题的方法。

Nginx整体配置如下：

upstream service {
server 127.0.0.1:8080;
}
map $http_origin $cors_header {
default "";
"~^https?://localhost(:[0-9]+)?$" "$http_origin";
}

server {
listen 80;
server_name 127.0.0.1;

access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

location = /favicon.ico { deny all; error_log off; access_log off; log_not_found off; }

location /api/ {
if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
add_header 'Content-Length' 0 always;
add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain charset=UTF-8' always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '$cors_header' always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true' always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS' always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'Origin,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Accept,Cookie,Set-Cookie, X-AUTH-USER, X-AUTH-TOKEN' always;

return 200;
}
if ($request_method = 'POST') {
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '$cors_header' always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true' always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'Origin,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Accept,Cookie,Set-Cookie, X-AUTH-USER, X-AUTH-TOKEN' always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS' always;
}
if ($request_method = 'GET') {
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '$cors_header' always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true' always;
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'Origin,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Accept,Cookie,Set-Cookie, X-AUTH-USER, X-AUTH-TOKEN' always;
add_
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header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS' always;
}

uwsgi_pass service;
include uwsgi_params;
}
}

API路径配置中的 "X-AUTH-USER, X-AUTH-TOKEN"，是API中传递的自定义HEADER，需要在 "Access-Control-Allow-Headers"中指明。 其中，"map $http_origin $cors_header"将需要跨域的域名或者IP解析出来，方便后面的配置处理。