redis--sorted sets类型及操作

sorted sets类型及操作

sorted set是set的一个升级版本，它在set的基础上增加了一个顺序属性，这一属性在添加修改元素的时候可以指定，每次指定后，zset会自动重新按新的值调整顺序。可以理解为有两列的mysql表，一列存value，一列存顺序。操作中key理解为zset的名字。

zadd

向名称为key的zset中添加元素menber，score用于排序。如果元素存在，则更新其顺序值。

127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sset1 1 one
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sset1 2 two
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sset1 3 two
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset1 0 -1
1) "one"
2) "two"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset1 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "3"

注：上例中，0 -1是索引号而不是顺序值，0到-1代表从头取到尾。集合中的元素是唯一的，当再添加同一个值的时候，如果顺序号不一样，则仅更新顺序号。

zrem

删除名称为key的zset中的元素member

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset1 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "3"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrem sset1 two
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset1 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"

zincrby

如果在名称为key的zset中已经存在元素member，则该元素的score增加increment否则向该集合添加该元素，其score的值为increment

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset1 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
127.0.0.1:6379> zincrby sset1 2 one
"3"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset1 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "3"
127.0.0.1:6379> zincrby sset1 -2 one
"1"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset1 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"

zrank

返回名称为key的zset中member元素的排名（按score从小到大排列）即下标

127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sset2 1 one
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sset2 2 two
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sset2 3 three
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sset2 4 four
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd sset2 5 five
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"
5) "three"
6) "3"
7) "four"
8) "4"
9) "five"
10) "5"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrank sset2 one
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> zrank sset2 three
(integer) 2

即：按元素排名从小到大排列，返回指定元素的下标值，下标从0开始，即第一个是0，第二个是1。

zrevrank

返回名称为key的zset中member元素的排名（按score从大到小排列）即下标

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"
5) "three"
6) "3"
7) "four"
8) "4"
9) "five"
10) "5"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank sset2 one
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank sset2 five
(integer) 0

zrevrange

返回名称为key的zset（按score从大到小顺序）中index从start到end的所有元素。

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"
5) "three"
6) "3"
7) "four"
8) "4"
9) "five"
10) "5"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "five"
2) "5"
3) "four"
4) "4"
5) "three"
6) "3"
7) "two"
8) "2"
9) "one"
10) "1"

zrangebyscore

返回集合中score在给定区间的元素

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"
5) "three"
6) "3"
7) "four"
8) "4"
9) "five"
10) "5"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore sset2 2 4  withscores
1) "two"
2) "2"
3) "three"
4) "3"
5) "four"
6) "4"

zcount

返回集合中score在给定区间的数量

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"
5) "three"
6) "3"
7) "four"
8) "4"
9) "five"
10) "5"
127.0.0.1:6379> zcount sset2 2 4
(integer) 3

zcard

返回集合中元素的个数

127.0.0.1:6379> zcard sset2
(integer) 5

zremrangebyrank

删除集合中排名在给定区间的元素。

按索引值来删除，不是顺序值。

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"
5) "three"
6) "3"
7) "four"
8) "4"
9) "five"
10) "5"
127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyrank sset2 2 3
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"
5) "five"
6) "5"

zremrangebyscore

删除集合中score在给定区间的元素（即顺序值）

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"
3) "two"
4) "2"
5) "five"
6) "5"
127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyscore sset2 2 5
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange sset2 0 -1 withscores
1) "one"
2) "1"