折腾树莓派（五）使用aria2搭建下载服务器

安装aria2及配置

sudo apt-get install aria2

aria2安装好后，我们需要去/root/.aria2/文件夹（默认目录，可更改）下创建配置文档aria2.conf，包括以下内容，所有内容都是默认值，可做更改。

###########################################
# Basic Options
###########################################
# dir=<DIR>
# input-file=<FILE>
# log=<LOG>
# max-concurrent-downloads=5
# check-integrity=false
# continue=true
# help[=<TAG>|<KEYWORD>]

###########################################
# HTTP/FTP Options
###########################################
# all-proxy=<PROXY>
# all-proxy-passwd=<PASSWD>
# all-proxy-user=<USER>
# checksum=<TYPE>=<DIGEST>
# connect-timeout=<SEC>
# dry-run=false
# lowest-speed-limit=0
# max-connection-per-server=1
# max-file-not-found=0
# max-tries=5
# min-split-size=20M
# no-netrc=false
# no-proxy=<DOMAINS>
# out=<FILE>
# proxy-method=get
# remote-time=false
# reuse-uri=true
# retry-wait=0
# server-stat-of=<FILE>
# server-stat-if=<FILE>
# server-stat-timeout=86400 # 24 hours
# split=5
# stream-piece-selector=default
# timeout=60
# uri-selector=feed-back

###########################################
# HTTP Specific Options
###########################################
# ca-certificate=<FILE>
# certificate=<FILE>
# check-certificate=true
# http-accept-gzip=false
# http-auth-challenge=false
# http-no-cache=false
# http-user=<USER>
# http-passwd=<PASSWD>
# http-proxy=<PROXY>
# http-proxy-passwd=<PASSWD>
# http-proxy-user=<USER>
# https-proxy=<PROXY>
# https-proxy-passwd=<PASSWD>
# https-proxy-user=<USER>
# private-key=<FILE>
# referer=<REFERER>
# enable-http-keep-alive=true
# enable-http-pipelining=false
# header=<HEADER>
# load-cookies=<FILE>
# save-cookies=<FILE>
# use-head=false
# user-agent=<USER_AGENT>

###########################################
# FTP Specific Options
###########################################
# ftp-user=anonymous
# ftp-passwd=ARIA2USER@
# ftp-pasv=true
# ftp-proxy=<PROXY>
# ftp-proxy-passwd=<PASSWD>
# ftp-proxy-user=<USER>
# ftp-type=binary
# ftp-reuse-connection=true

###########################################
# BitTorrent/Metalink Options
###########################################
# select-file=<INDEX>...
# show-files[=true|false]

###########################################
# BitTorrent Specific Options
###########################################
# bt-enable-lpd=false
# bt-exclude-tracker=<URI>[,...]
# bt-external-ip=<IPADDRESS>
# bt-hash-check-seed=true
# bt-lpd-interface=<INTERFACE>
# bt-max-open-files=100
# bt-max-peers=55
# bt-metadata-only=false
# bt-min-crypto-level=plain
# bt-prioritize-piece=head[=<SIZE>],tail[=<SIZE>]
# bt-remove-unselected-file=false
# bt-require-crypto=false
# bt-request-peer-speed-limit=50K
# bt-save-metadata=false
# bt-seed-unverified=false
# bt-stop-timeout=0
# bt-tracker=<URI>[,...]
# bt-tracker-connect-timeout=60
# bt-tracker-interval=0
# bt-tracker-timeout=60
# dht-entry-point=<HOST>:<PORT>
# dht-entry-point6=<HOST>:<PORT>
# dht-file-path=$HOME/.aria2/dht.dat
# dht-file-path6=$HOME/.aria2/dht6.dat
# dht-listen-addr6=<ADDR>
# dht-listen-port=6881-6999
# dht-message-timeout=10
# enable-dht=true
# enable-dht6[=true|false]
# enable-peer-exchange=true
# follow-torrent=true
# index-out=<INDEX>=<PATH>
# listen-port=6881-6999
# max-overall-upload-limit=0
# max-upload-limit=0
# peer-id-prefix=<PEER_ID_PREFIX>
# seed-ratio=1.0
# seed-time=<MINUTES>
# torrent-file=<TORRENT_FILE>

###########################################
# Metalink Specific Options
###########################################
# follow-metalink=true
# metalink-base-uri=<URI>
# metalink-file=<METALINK_FILE>
# metalink-language=<LANGUAGE>
# metalink-location=<LOCATION>[,...]
# metalink-os=<OS>
# metalink-version=<VERSION>
# metalink-preferred-protocol=none
# metalink-enable-unique-protocol=true

###########################################
# RPC Options
###########################################
# enable-rpc=false
# pause=false
# pause-metadata=false
# rpc-allow-origin-all=false
# rpc-certificate=<FILE>
# rpc-listen-all=false
# rpc-listen-port=6800
# rpc-max-request-size=2M

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# rpc-passwd=<PASSWD>
# rpc-private-key=<FILE>
# rpc-save-upload-metadata[=true|false]
# rpc-secret=<TOKEN>
# rpc-secure[=true|false]
# rpc-user=<USER>

###########################################
# Advanced Options
###########################################
# allow-overwrite=false
# allow-piece-length-change=false
# always-resume=true
# async-dns=true
# async-dns-server=<IPADDRESS>[,...]
# auto-file-renaming=true
# auto-save-interval=60
# conditional-get=false
# conf-path=$HOME/.aria2/aria2.conf
# console-log-level=notice
# daemon=false
# deferred-input=false
# disable-ipv6=false
# disk-cache=16M
# download-result=default
# dscp=<DSCP>
# rlimit-nofile=NUM
# enable-color=true
# enable-mmap=false
# event-poll=<POLL>
# file-allocation=prealloc
# force-save=false
# gid=<GID>
# hash-check-only=false
# human-readable=true
# interface=<INTERFACE>
# max-download-result=1000
# max-resume-failure-tries=0
# log-level=debug
# on-bt-download-complete=<COMMAND>
# on-download-complete=<COMMAND>
# on-download-error=<COMMAND>
# on-download-pause=<COMMAND>
# on-download-start=<COMMAND>
# on-download-stop=<COMMAND>
# piece-length=1M
# show-console-readout=true
# summary-interval=60
# force-sequential=false
# max-overall-download-limit=0
# max-download-limit=0
# no-conf=false
# no-file-allocation-limit=5M
# parameterized-uri=false
# quiet=false
# realtime-chunk-checksum=true
# remove-control-file[=true|false]
# save-session=<FILE>
# save-session-interval=0
# stop=0
# stop-with-process=<PID>
# truncate-console-readout=true
# version

因为我们要使用webUI界面并后台运行，需要修改以下设置

dir=/home/pi/Public # 默认下载目录
enable-rpc=true
rpc-listen-all=true
daemon=true # 后台运行

如果要使用bt下载，需要对bt-tracker进行设置，设置为国内可用的bt源。其他设置详细内容请查看

man aria2c

。

安装webui-aria2

对于aria2而言，看到的推荐最多的UI是Yaaw，但aria2的官方页面上面提到了webui-aria2这个网页版界面，因此本文以此为例。

获取源代码

首先，从github上获取webui-aria2的最新版本到apache2的网页路径下

cd /var/www/
git clone https://github.com/ziahamza/webui-aria2.git[/code] 
配置apache2页面
在/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/文件夹下aria2.conf配置文档，内容包括：

Alias /aria2 "/var/www/webui-aria2/"

<Directory /var/www/webui-aria2/>
Options +FollowSymlinks
AllowOverride AuthConfig # 进行身份验证
# Order Deny,Allow # 先检测Deny，再检测Allow
# Allow from 192.168 # 允许所有以192.168开头的IP
# Deny from All
</Directory>


页面有2项安全设置，一项是身份验证，另一项是ip过滤，均在上例中有所表现。如果要使用身份验证访问页面，需要在网站目录下创建.htaccess文件

vim /var/www/webui-aria2/.htaccess


内容如下：

AuthName "webui-aria2" # 虚拟目录名称
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /var/www/webui-aria2/.htpasswd # 密码文件路径
require valid-user


密码文件使用.htpasswd，因为apache对’.ht’开头的文件默认不允许外部读取，安全系数高一点。最后一行require可以指定用户访问
require user username
，或指定某组访问
require group groupname
。使用以下命令创建新的用户名密码组合：

htpasswd -c /var/www/webui-aria2/.htpasswd username


第一次创建用户需使用
-c
参数

htpasswd -m .htpasswd username # 更改密码
htpasswd -D .htpasswd username # 删除用户


至此，aria2及其web界面安装设置完毕，使用时可先在命令行输入
aria2c
，之后打开
http://url/aria2
便可在网页上对下载任务进行管理。