基于Java模板技术动态生成Word文档

一.使用word文档编辑好模版，如下图：





编辑好模板之后选择另存为，保存为xml格式。

二.编写java代码

采用的是FreeMarker模板引擎。需要下载对应的jar包，如果用的是Maven，只需在pom.xml中加入以下代码即可。

<!-- 模版引擎用到的jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
<artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
<version>2.3.25-incubating</version>
</dependency>

Service:

package Solin.service;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import Solin.domain.Student;
import Solin.mapper.DynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper;
import freemarker.cache.URLTemplateLoader;
import freemarker.core.ParseException;
import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.MalformedTemplateNameException;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
import freemarker.template.TemplateNotFoundException;

@Service
public class DynamicallyGeneratedWordService {
private static Configuration freemarkerConfig;

static {
freemarkerConfig = new Configuration(Configuration.VERSION_2_3_22);
freemarkerConfig.setEncoding(Locale.getDefault(), "UTF-8");
}

@Autowired
private DynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper dynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper;

/**
* 生成word文档
* @param filePath
* @throws TemplateNotFoundException
* @throws MalformedTemplateNameException
* @throws ParseException
* @throws IOException
* @throws TemplateException
*/
public void genWordFile(String filePath) throws TemplateNotFoundException, MalformedTemplateNameException, ParseException, IOException, TemplateException{
List<Student> stuList = dynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper.getStudentList();
Map<String,Object> result = new HashMap<String,Object>();
result.put("date", new Date());
result.put("teacher", "Solin");
result.put("topic", "基于Java模板技术动态生成Word文档");
result.put("count", stuList.size());
result.put("maleCount", dynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper.getManNumber());
result.put("femaleCount", dynamicallyGeneratedWordMapper.getFemaleNumber());
result.put("stuList", stuList);

freemarkerConfig.setTemplateLoader(new URLTemplateLoader() {

@Override
protected URL getURL(String arg0) {
return DynamicallyGeneratedWordService.class.getResource("/test.xml");//此处需要注意test.xml模板的路径,不要搞错了，否则获取不到模板，我是放在src/main/java目录下
}
});

Template temp = freemarkerConfig.getTemplate("test.xml");

File targetFile = new File(filePath);
Writer out = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(targetFile),"UTF-8");

//执行模板替换
temp.process(result, out);
out.flush();
}
}

我的test.xml文件的位置：



Student实体类：

package Solin.domain;

/**
* @author Solin
* 学生信息实体类
*
*/
public class Student {
private Integer id;//主键
private String name;//姓名
private String sex;//性别
private String age;//年龄
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
}

Controller:

package Solin.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import Solin.domain.Student;
import Solin.service.DynamicallyGeneratedWordService;
import freemarker.core.ParseException;
import freemarker.template.MalformedTemplateNameException;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
import freemarker.template.TemplateNotFoundException;

/**
* @author Solin
* 基于Java模板技术动态生成Word文档
*/
@Controller
public class DynamicallyGeneratedWordController {
@Autowired
private DynamicallyGeneratedWordService dynamicallyGeneratedWordService;

@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/getStudentList")
public String getStudentList(){
String result = "成功";
try {
dynamicallyGeneratedWordService.genWordFile("d://stu.doc");
} catch (TemplateNotFoundException e) {
result = "失败";
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (MalformedTemplateNameException e) {
result = "失败";
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParseException e) {
result = "失败";
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
result = "失败";
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TemplateException e) {
result = "失败";
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
}

XML模版中需要做以下修改：





表格数据是多行的，所以要循环。



我们在xml模版中做以下修改：找到上图中红色框框所在的地方，然后按下图修改



里面的内容依次改为对应的：${stu.id} ${stu.name} ${stu.sex} ${stu.age}这里的id name sex age是和Student实体类对应的。

 三.到此基本完成了动态模版的生成，测试结果图下图：