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C#基础之计算器的简单实现

2016-09-06 09:49 288 查看

自学C#已经两周了，之前写了一个简单的秒表，感觉不过瘾，觉得是不是可以试着做个功能更复杂的小程序来练练手。

于是我想到了做计算器。但是尝试之后发现做好一个计算器不简单，你需要考虑运算符的优先级，需要考虑中间结果的保存，需要考虑除零的情况，需要考虑浮点情况等等。

当然，我没有时间去做一个功能很复杂的科学计算器，也没有精力去做一个运算速度极佳的并行计算器。我的目的只是通过简单的项目提升对C#的掌握程度。

下面开始正题。。

首先设计一个简单的计算器界面。

需要17个button，一个label，一个textbox(显示结果)，界面设计结果如下：

想显得高端一点，我给按钮都加了背景图片，但是貌似我图没抠好，导致效果很差，将就着看吧，哈哈。

需要说明的是，我只做了二目运算，即输入进去的操作符只支持一个运算符，然后必须点击“=”，进行运算。不支持2+3x5这种运算符的运算。

计算器的功能想必大家都懂，我不在此处写出。不废话了，直接贴代码：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Calculator

{

public partial class Form1 : Form

{

public Form1()

{

InitializeComponent();

}

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button8_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button10_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button12_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + " " + btn.Text + " ";//空格用于分隔数字各运算符

}

private void button13_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + " " + btn.Text + " ";//空格用于分隔数字各运算符

}

private void button14_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + " " + btn.Text + " ";//空格用于分隔数字各运算符

}

private void button15_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text = textBox1.Text + " " + btn.Text + " ";//空格用于分隔数字各运算符

}

private void button16_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

textBox1.Text = "";

}

private void button17_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Button btn = (Button)sender;

textBox1.Text += btn.Text;

}

private void button11_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

Single r; //用于保存计算结果

string t = textBox1.Text;　　//t用于保存文本框中的算术表达式

int space = t.IndexOf(' ');//用于搜索空格位置

string s1 = t.Substring(0, space);//s1用于保存第一个运算数

char op = Convert.ToChar(t.Substring(space + 1, 1));//op用于保存运算符

string s2 = t.Substring(space + 3);//s2用于保存第二个运算数

Single arg1 = Convert.ToSingle(s1);//将运算数从string转换为Single

Single arg2 = Convert.ToSingle(s2);

switch (op)

{

case '+':

r = arg1 + arg2;

break;

case '-':

r = arg1 - arg2;

break;

case '*':

r = arg1 * arg2;

break;

case '/':

if (arg2 == 0)

{

MessageBox.Show("除数不能为0！");

textBox1.Text = "Error!";

return;

}

else

{

r = arg1 / arg2;

break;

}

default:

throw new ApplicationException();

}

//将计算结果显示在文本框中

textBox1.Text = r.ToString();

}

private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

{

}

}

}

本来想贴几个功能测试的图的，但是好麻烦，就算了吧。。2目运算都能算，支持浮点。。。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

最后按照惯例，把界面自动生成的代码贴出来，给一些不知道怎么做界面的同学一些参考。

#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码

/// <summary>

/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要

/// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。

/// </summary>

private void InitializeComponent()

{

System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager resources = new System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager(typeof(Form1));

this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button5 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button6 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button7 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button8 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button9 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button10 = new System.Windows.Fo
e852
rms.Button();

this.button11 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button12 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button13 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button14 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.button15 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.button16 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();

this.button17 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

this.SuspendLayout();

//

// button1

//

this.button1.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button1.BackgroundImage")));

this.button1.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button1.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(36, 71);

this.button1.Name = "button1";

this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 40);

this.button1.TabIndex = 0;

this.button1.Text = "1";

this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);

//

// button2

//

this.button2.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button2.BackgroundImage")));

this.button2.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button2.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(83, 71);

this.button2.Name = "button2";

this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 40);

this.button2.TabIndex = 1;

this.button2.Text = "2";

this.button2.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);

//

// button3

//

this.button3.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button3.BackgroundImage")));

this.button3.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button3.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(129, 71);

this.button3.Name = "button3";

this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 40);

this.button3.TabIndex = 2;

this.button3.Text = "3";

this.button3.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click);

//

// button4

//

this.button4.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button4.BackgroundImage")));

this.button4.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button4.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(36, 117);

this.button4.Name = "button4";

this.button4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 42);

this.button4.TabIndex = 3;

this.button4.Text = "4";

this.button4.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button4.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button4_Click);

//

// button5

//

this.button5.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button5.BackgroundImage")));

this.button5.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button5.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button5.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(83, 117);

this.button5.Name = "button5";

this.button5.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 42);

this.button5.TabIndex = 4;

this.button5.Text = "5";

this.button5.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button5.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button5_Click);

//

// button6

//

this.button6.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button6.BackgroundImage")));

this.button6.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button6.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button6.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(130, 117);

this.button6.Name = "button6";

this.button6.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 42);

this.button6.TabIndex = 5;

this.button6.Text = "6";

this.button6.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button6.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button6_Click);

//

// button7

//

this.button7.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button7.BackgroundImage")));

this.button7.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button7.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button7.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(36, 165);

this.button7.Name = "button7";

this.button7.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 37);

this.button7.TabIndex = 6;

this.button7.Text = "7";

this.button7.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button7.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button7_Click);

//

// button8

//

this.button8.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button8.BackgroundImage")));

this.button8.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button8.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button8.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(83, 165);

this.button8.Name = "button8";

this.button8.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 37);

this.button8.TabIndex = 7;

this.button8.Text = "8";

this.button8.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button8.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button8_Click);

//

// button9

//

this.button9.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button9.BackgroundImage")));

this.button9.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button9.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button9.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(129, 165);

this.button9.Name = "button9";

this.button9.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 37);

this.button9.TabIndex = 8;

this.button9.Text = "9";

this.button9.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button9.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button9_Click);

//

// button10

//

this.button10.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button10.BackgroundImage")));

this.button10.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button10.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button10.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(83, 208);

this.button10.Name = "button10";

this.button10.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 40);

this.button10.TabIndex = 9;

this.button10.Text = "0";

this.button10.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button10.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button10_Click);

//

// button11

//

this.button11.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button11.BackgroundImage")));

this.button11.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button11.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button11.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(129, 208);

this.button11.Name = "button11";

this.button11.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 40);

this.button11.TabIndex = 10;

this.button11.Text = "+";

this.button11.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button11.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button11_Click);

//

// button12

//

this.button12.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button12.BackgroundImage")));

this.button12.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button12.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button12.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(174, 71);

this.button12.Name = "button12";

this.button12.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(42, 40);

this.button12.TabIndex = 11;

this.button12.Text = "+";

this.button12.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button12.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button12_Click);

//

// button13

//

this.button13.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button13.BackgroundImage")));

this.button13.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button13.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button13.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(176, 117);

this.button13.Name = "button13";

this.button13.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 42);

this.button13.TabIndex = 12;

this.button13.Text = "-";

this.button13.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button13.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button13_Click);

//

// button14

//

this.button14.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button14.BackgroundImage")));

this.button14.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button14.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button14.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(176, 165);

this.button14.Name = "button14";

this.button14.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(42, 37);

this.button14.TabIndex = 13;

this.button14.Text = "*";

this.button14.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button14.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button14_Click);

//

// button15

//

this.button15.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button15.BackgroundImage")));

this.button15.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button15.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button15.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(175, 208);

this.button15.Name = "button15";

this.button15.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 40);

this.button15.TabIndex = 14;

this.button15.Text = "/";

this.button15.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button15.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button15_Click);

//

// label1

//

this.label1.AutoSize = true;

this.label1.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ActiveCaption;

this.label1.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 12F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((byte)(134)));

this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(4, 21);

this.label1.Name = "label1";

this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(40, 16);

this.label1.TabIndex = 15;

this.label1.Text = "结果";

//

// button16

//

this.button16.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ActiveCaption;

this.button16.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(177, 14);

this.button16.Name = "button16";

this.button16.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(61, 34);

this.button16.TabIndex = 16;

this.button16.Text = "清空";

this.button16.UseVisualStyleBackColor = false;

this.button16.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button16_Click);

//

// textBox1

//

this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(50, 21);

this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";

this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 21);

this.textBox1.TabIndex = 17;

//

// button17

//

this.button17.BackgroundImage = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("button17.BackgroundImage")));

this.button17.BackgroundImageLayout = System.Windows.Forms.ImageLayout.Zoom;

this.button17.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Flat;

this.button17.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 14.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((byte)(134)));

this.button17.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(36, 208);

this.button17.Name = "button17";

this.button17.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 40);

this.button17.TabIndex = 18;

this.button17.Text = ".";

this.button17.TextAlign = System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.TopCenter;

this.button17.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;

this.button17.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button17_Click);

//

// Form1

//

this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);

this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;

this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(243, 267);

this.Controls.Add(this.button17);

this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1);

this.Controls.Add(this.button16);

this.Controls.Add(this.label1);

this.Controls.Add(this.button15);

this.Controls.Add(this.button14);

this.Controls.Add(this.button13);

this.Controls.Add(this.button12);

this.Controls.Add(this.button11);

this.Controls.Add(this.button10);

this.Controls.Add(this.button9);

this.Controls.Add(this.button8);

this.Controls.Add(this.button7);

this.Controls.Add(this.button6);

this.Controls.Add(this.button5);

this.Controls.Add(this.button4);

this.Controls.Add(this.button3);

this.Controls.Add(this.button2);

this.Controls.Add(this.button1);

this.Name = "Form1";

this.Text = "简易计算器";

this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);

this.ResumeLayout(false);

this.PerformLayout();

}

#endregion

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标签： C# 计算器简易计算器

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