springmvc实现Resetful风格url（maven项目）

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>imooc-arthur</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-mvc-study</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<properties>
<commons-lang.version>2.6</commons-lang.version>
<slf4j.version>1.7.6</slf4j.version>
<spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jackson.version>2.5.4</jackson.version>
</properties>

<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-framework-bom</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>${commons-lang.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>

</dependencies>

<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>9.2.2.v20140723</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

</project></span>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <display-name></display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 添加对spring的支持 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring 刷新Introspector防止内存泄露 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring MVC配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<!-- 不能是/*，否则会报404 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method,由该filter将/user?_method=delete转换为标准的http delete方法 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<!-- spring 名称一定要和servlet-mapping中servlet name一致 -->
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 指定Spring配置文件位置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>  <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span>

spring-servlet.java

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

<!-- Spring MVC扫描Control -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.control" />

<!-- 使用如下两个class激活@RequestMapping annotation -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />

<!-- 通过mvc:resources设置静态资源，这样servlet就会处理这些静态资源，而不通过控制器 -->
<!-- 设置不过滤内容，比如:css,jquery,img 等资源文件 -->
<mvc:resources location="/*.html" mapping="/**.html" />
<mvc:resources location="/css/*" mapping="/css/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/js/*" mapping="/js/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/images/*" mapping="/images/**" />

<!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix：前缀， suffix：后缀 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

<!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>

<!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- json转换器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

UserController.java

package com.springmvc.control;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.springmvc.model.User;
import com.springmvc.service.UserService;
/**
* Scope：表示实例是原型，这样会对每一个请求实例化，保证线程安全 Spring中使用 Controller注解表示该类是控制器
* Repository注解Dao访问类 Service注解业务逻辑处理类 Resource注解表示使用某个bean资源
* RequestMapping：表示对该类所有方法的请求URL，前面必须接上/user，如/user/login 表示对login方法的请求访问
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
@Scope("prototype")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserControl {
@Resource(name = "userService")
private UserService userService;
private String message;
/**
*
* Spring MVC中使用RequestMapping处理URL请求，
*     GET：表示查询；POST：表示添加操作
*     PUT：表示修改操作；DELETE：表示删除操作
* ResponseBody：表示返回对象或者值;
* consumes: 表示前端传过来的数据格式;
* produces：表示返回数据格式
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.GET, consumes = "application/json", produces = "application/json")
@ResponseBody
public User login(User user, Model model) {
// System.out.println(user.getUsername());
User u = userService.findUserByNameAndPassword(user);
return u;
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/addUser", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = "application/json")
@ResponseBody
public String addUser(User user) {
boolean flag = userService.addUser(user);
if (flag) {
message = "success";
} else {
message = "error";
}
return message;
}

/**
* PathVariable:注解方法参数，表示该参数变量值是通过URL传递的
* URL中必须包含该参数变量名，变量名需要相同才能完成变量传递注入
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/deleteUser/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE, produces = "application/json")
@ResponseBody
public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Integer id) {
boolean flag = userService.deleteUser(id);
if (flag) {
message = "success";
} else {
message = "error";
}
return message;
}

public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
public UserService getUserService() {
return userService;
}
}

前端JSP页面Ajax请求

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
<!-- action uri 前面不能加/ 否则路径变成从根开始  -->
<!-- <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-easyui-1.4.4/jquery.min.js"></script> -->
<script type="text/javascript"
src="js/jquery-easyui-1.4.4//jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(
function() {
$("#btnQuery").click(
function() {
var username = $("#username").val();
var password = $("#password").val();
var data = {
"username" : username,
"password" : password
};
// alert(JSON.stringify(data));
$.ajax({
type : "GET",
url : "user/login",
dataType : "json", //后台返回值类型
data : data,
beforeSubmit : function() {

},
success : function(data) {
alert(data.username + " " + data.password
+ " " + data.address + " "
+ data.tel);

},
error : function(data) {
alert("error");
}
});
});
$("#btnAdd").click(
function() {
var username = $("#username").val();
var password = $("#password").val();
var address = $("#address").val();
var tel = $("#tel").val();
var data = {
"username" : username,
"password" : password,
"address" : address,
"tel" : tel
};

$.ajax({
type : "POST",
url : "user/addUser",
dataType : "json", //后台返回值类型
data : data,
beforeSubmit : function() {

},
success : function(data) {
if(data == 'success') {
alert("添加成功");
}else {
alert("添加失败");
}
},
error : function(data) {
alert("error");
}
});
});

$("#btnDel").click(
function() {
var id = $("#id").val();
$.ajax({
type : "DELETE",
url : "user/deleteUser/"+id,
dataType : "json", //后台返回值类型
beforeSubmit : function() {

},
success : function(data) {
if(data == 'success') {
alert("删除成功");
}else {
alert("删除失败");
}
},
error : function(data) {
alert("error");
}
});
});
});
</script>
</head>

<body>

<!-- 查询 -->
用户名：
<input type="text" id="username" value="xx">
<br> 密码：
<input type="password" id="password" value="1233">
<br>
<a href="javascript:void(0)" id="btnQuery">查询</a>

<br>
<!-- 添加 -->
用户名：
<input type="text" id="username" value="张三图">
<br> 密码：
<input type="password" id="password" value="1233">
<br> 地址：
<input type="text" id="address" value="安徽天长">
<br> 联系方式：
<input type="password" id="tel" value="1232333">
<br>
<input type="button" id="btnAdd" value="提交">

<br>
<!-- 删除 -->
<input type="text" id="id" value="51">
<input type="button" id="btnDel" value="删除">

<%--
<form:form action="user/login" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="username" value="xx"><br>
密码：    <input type="password" name="password" value="1233"><br>
用户名：<input type="text" name="address" value="ss"><br>
密码：    <input type="password" name="tel" value="1232333"><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form:form>

--%>
<%--<form:form action="user/deleteUser/50" method="delete">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form:form>
--%>
</body>
</html>

HTTP请求中本身是不支持PUT和DELETE method方法请求的，本文在web.xml中添加了过滤器处理该部分请求，并且通过Ajax发送请求。但是Spring MVC本身也提供了<form:form>标签，通过表单提交的方式发送Restful请求，如上面代码中注释内容所示。只需要在页面前面导入标签库即可。

<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%>