nginx+lua+kafka实现日志统一收集汇总

[转载]原文出处:http://hot66hot.iteye.com/blog/2291916

一:场景描述

对于线上大流量服务或者需要上报日志的nginx服务，每天会产生大量的日志，这些日志非常有价值。可用于计数上报、用户行为分析、接口质量、性能监控等需求。但传统nginx记录日志的方式数据会散落在各自nginx上，而且大流量日志本身对磁盘也是一种冲击。

我们需要把这部分nginx日志统一收集汇总起来,收集过程和结果需要满足如下需求:

支持不同业务获取数据,如监控业务，数据分析统计业务，推荐业务等。

数据实时性

高性能保证

二:技术方案

得益于openresty和kafka的高性能，我们可以非常轻量高效的实现当前需求，架构如下:



方案描述:

1:线上请求打向nginx后，使用lua完成日志整理:如统一日志格式，过滤无效请求，分组等。

2:根据不同业务的nginx日志,划分不同的topic。

3:lua实现producter异步发送到kafka集群。

4:对不同日志感兴趣的业务组实时消费获取日志数据。

三:相关技术

openresty: http://openresty.org

kafka: http://kafka.apache.org

lua-resty-kafka: https://github.com/doujiang24/lua-resty-kafka

四:安装配置

为了简单直接，我们采用单机形式配置部署，集群情况类似。

1)准备openresty依赖:

Java代码 收藏代码

apt-get install libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev libpcre3-dev libssl-dev perl make build-essential

# 或者

yum install readline-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel gcc

2)安装编译openresty:

Java代码 收藏代码

#1:安装openresty:

cd /opt/nginx/ # 安装文件所在目录

wget https://openresty.org/download/openresty-1.9.7.4.tar.gz

tar -xzf openresty-1.9.7.4.tar.gz /opt/nginx/

#配置:

# 指定目录为/opt/openresty,默认在/usr/local。

./configure –prefix=/opt/openresty \

–with-luajit \

–without-http_redis2_module \

–with-http_iconv_module

make

make install

3)安装lua-resty-kafka

Java代码 收藏代码

#下载lua-resty-kafka:

wget https://github.com/doujiang24/lua-resty-kafka/archive/master.zip

unzip lua-resty-kafka-master.zip -d /opt/nginx/

#拷贝lua-resty-kafka到openresty

mkdir /opt/openresty/lualib/kafka

cp -rf /opt/nginx/lua-resty-kafka-master/lib/resty /opt/openresty/lualib/kafka/

4):安装单机kafka

Java代码 收藏代码

cd /opt/nginx/

wget http://apache.fayea.com/kafka/0.9.0.1/kafka_2.10-0.9.0.1.tgz

tar xvf kafka_2.10-0.9.0.1.tgz

# 开启单机zookeeper

nohup sh bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/zookeeper.properties > ./zk.log 2>&1 &

**# 绑定broker ip,必须绑定

**#在config/servier.properties下修改host.name

host.name={your_server_ip}

# 启动kafka服务

nohup sh bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties > ./server.log 2>&1 &

# 创建测试topic

sh bin/kafka-topics.sh –zookeeper localhost:2181 –create –topic test1 –partitions 1 –replication-factor 1

五:配置运行

开发编辑/opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 实现kafka记录nginx日志功能，源码如下:

Java代码 收藏代码

worker_processes 12;

events {

use epoll;

worker_connections 65535;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

sendfile on;

keepalive_timeout 0;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 8k;

gzip_http_version 1.1;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/X-JSON;

charset UTF-8;

# 配置后端代理服务

upstream rc{

server 10.10.*.15:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3;

server 10.10.*.16:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3;

server 10.16.*.54:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3;

server 10.16.*.55:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3;

server 10.10.*.113:8080 weight=5 max_fails=3;

server 10.10.*.137:8080 weight=6 max_fails=3;

server 10.10.*.138:8080 weight=6 max_fails=3;

server 10.10.*.33:8080 weight=4 max_fails=3;

# 最大长连数

keepalive 32;

}

# 配置lua依赖库地址

lua_package_path “/opt/openresty/lualib/kafka/?.lua;;”;

server {
listen       80;
server_name  localhost;
location /favicon.ico {
root   html;
index  index.html index.htm;
}
location / {
proxy_connect_timeout 8;
proxy_send_timeout 8;
proxy_read_timeout 8;
proxy_buffer_size 4k;
proxy_buffers 512 8k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 8k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
proxy_next_upstream http_500 http_502  http_503 http_504  error timeout invalid_header;
root   html;
index  index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://rc; proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Connection "";
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
# 使用log_by_lua 包含lua代码,因为log_by_lua指令运行在请求最后且不影响proxy_pass机制
log_by_lua '
-- 引入lua所有api
local cjson = require "cjson"
local producer = require "resty.kafka.producer"
-- 定义kafka broker地址，ip需要和kafka的host.name配置一致
local broker_list = {
{ host = "10.10.78.52", port = 9092 },
}
-- 定义json便于日志数据整理收集
local log_json = {}
log_json["uri"]=ngx.var.uri
log_json["args"]=ngx.var.args
log_json["host"]=ngx.var.host
log_json["request_body"]=ngx.var.request_body
log_json["remote_addr"] = ngx.var.remote_addr
log_json["remote_user"] = ngx.var.remote_user
log_json["time_local"] = ngx.var.time_local
log_json["status"] = ngx.var.status
log_json["body_bytes_sent"] = ngx.var.body_bytes_sent
log_json["http_referer"] = ngx.var.http_referer
log_json["http_user_agent"] = ngx.var.http_user_agent
log_json["http_x_forwarded_for"] = ngx.var.http_x_forwarded_for
log_json["upstream_response_time"] = ngx.var.upstream_response_time
log_json["request_time"] = ngx.var.request_time
-- 转换json为字符串
local message = cjson.encode(log_json);
-- 定义kafka异步生产者
local bp = producer:new(broker_list, { producer_type = "async" })
-- 发送日志消息,send第二个参数key,用于kafka路由控制:
-- key为nill(空)时，一段时间向同一partition写入数据
-- 指定key，按照key的hash写入到对应的partition
local ok, err = bp:send("test1", nil, message)

if not ok then
ngx.log(ngx.ERR, "kafka send err:", err)
return
end
';
}
error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
roo
4000
t   html;
}
}

}

六:检测&运行

Java代码 收藏代码

检测配置,只检测nginx配置是否正确，lua错误日志在nginx的error.log文件中

./nginx -t /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# 启动

./nginx -c /opt/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# 重启

./nginx -s reload

七:测试

1:使用任意http请求发送给当前nginx，如:

引用

http://10.10.78.52/m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com&page=2&size=10

2:查看upstream代理是否工作正常

3:查看kafka 日志对应的topic是否产生消息日志，如下:

引用

# 从头消费topic数据命令

sh kafka-console-consumer.sh –zookeeper 10.10.78.52:2181 –topic test1 –from-beginning

效果监测:



4:ab压力测试

引用

#单nginx+upstream测试:

ab -n 10000 -c 100 -k http://10.10.34.15/m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com&page=2&size=10

#结果

Server Software: nginx

Server Hostname: 10.10.34.15

Server Port: 80

Document Path: /m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com

Document Length: 13810 bytes

Concurrency Level: 100

Time taken for tests: 2.148996 seconds

Complete requests: 10000

Failed requests: 9982

(Connect: 0, Length: 9982, Exceptions: 0)

Write errors: 0

Keep-Alive requests: 0

Total transferred: 227090611 bytes

HTML transferred: 225500642 bytes

Requests per second: 4653.34 [#/sec] (mean)

Time per request: 21.490 [ms] (mean)

Time per request: 0.215 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)

Transfer rate: 103196.10 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)

min mean[+/-sd] median max

Connect: 0 0 0.1 0 2

Processing: 5 20 23.6 16 701

Waiting: 4 17 20.8 13 686

Total: 5 20 23.6 16 701

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)

50% 16

66% 20

75% 22

80% 25

90% 33

95% 41

98% 48

99% 69

100% 701 (longest request)

引用

#单nginx+upstream+log_lua_kafka接入测试:

ab -n 10000 -c 100 -k http://10.10.78.52/m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com&page=2&size=10

#结果

Server Software: openresty/1.9.7.4

Server Hostname: 10.10.78.52

Server Port: 80

Document Path: /m/personal/AC8E3BC7-6130-447B-A9D6-DF11CB74C3EF/rc/v1?passport=83FBC7337D681E679FFBA1B913E22A0D@qq.sohu.com

Document Length: 34396 bytes

Concurrency Level: 100

Time taken for tests: 2.234785 seconds

Complete requests: 10000

Failed requests: 9981

(Connect: 0, Length: 9981, Exceptions: 0)

Write errors: 0

Keep-Alive requests: 0

Total transferred: 229781343 bytes

HTML transferred: 228071374 bytes

Requests per second: 4474.70 [#/sec] (mean)

Time per request: 22.348 [ms] (mean)

Time per request: 0.223 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)

Transfer rate: 100410.10 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)

min mean[+/-sd] median max

Connect: 0 0 0.2 0 3

Processing: 6 20 27.6 17 1504

Waiting: 5 15 12.0 14 237

Total: 6 20 27.6 17 1504

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)

50% 17

66% 19

75% 21

80% 23

90% 28

95% 34

98% 46

99% 67

100% 1004 (longest request)