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spring+mybatis通用dao层、service层的一些个人理解与实现

2016-07-26 11:04 956 查看
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">首先声明,本文所述只是鉴于本人在开发一些应用时的心得,仅供参考。</span>


1、现在的绝大多数web应用,通常都以action、service、dao三层去组织代码,这样划分结构很清晰,分工明确

2、一般情况下,我们会把事务控制在service层。

3、action和dao层,会使用一些框架技术。比如action层可能选择有springmvc、struts等,dao层有hibernate、mybatis等选择,所以action的dao有可能遂根据情况变化,而service层关注业务逻辑,业务代码都是自己完成的,代码对自己是透明的。

基于1,我们的每个业务,可能都需要这三层代码,也就是因为一个很简单的业务,我们会写dao层及实现,service层及实现,action层,这样会造成很多的类。所以最好做到dao层必须通用,service层绝大部分通用,这样就会减少大量的类。

基于2,我们应把业务逻辑写在service层,这样才能控制住事务。例如我们的一个业务:删除A记录,插入B记录(需要在一个事务里进行),如果我们把这个业务逻辑写在了action层,我们再action层调用删除A的service,然后再调用插入B的service,如果说插入B失败了,那我们删除A这个操作将不能回滚,因为事务控制在了service层,这样写已不是一个事务。删除A操作的service已经完成,事务已经提交了,插入B的操作在另外的事务里运行。根据需要,业务逻辑尽量放在service层。通过配置spring事务控制的传播行为,在service层可以达到大部分的业务事务要求,而不需另加一层。

基于3,我们更应该把与业务相关的代码移至service层,如果service层的事务不容易控制了,可以增加额外的support层(个人理解,其实还是业务逻辑层)协助控制事务。这主要发生在我们把整个业务逻辑放在了service的一个方法,而这个方法以及调用的方法的事务配置为required(或其他),但业务的部分操作需要在不同的事务中进行,我们不想写另外的方法,也不想去更改事务配置,所以引入support层(或许你说可以把这种逻辑向action层移动,在action层处理,但记住我们的前提,action的框架是会变的,我们想尽量做到更改action层时,更简单。而且从分工来说,action层应该只关注视图逻辑,个人自扫门前雪,休管他人瓦上霜)。support层当然不是只为处理这种事务问题的,我把它定义为业务处理时需要的一些辅助层,可以协助处理业务,比如刚才说的事务问题,还有可以提供工具类支持等。 

对于dao层,应该只关注数据库连接执行结果封装这些事。

我们的通用,是基于以上的分析结论进行,下面贴上代码:

通用dao层:

package com.wls.websvn.dao;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import com.wls.websvn.support.Page;

public interface CommonDao {
/**
*
* 增加一个实体
* @param pojo
* @return 影响的行数 0失败,1成功
*/
public <T extends Serializable> int save(T pojo);

/**
*
* 通过id删除实体
*
* @param clazz
* @param id
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> int deleteById(Class<T> clazz,
Serializable id);

/**
*
* 通过主键获取实体
*
* @param clazz
* @param id
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> T getById(Class<T> clazz, Serializable id);

/**
*
* 查询所有实体
*
* @param clazz
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> List<T> listAll(Class<T> clazz);

/**
*
* 分页查询
*
* @param clazz
* @param p
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> Page<T> pageSelect(Class<T> clazz,Page<T> p,String[]attrs,Object[]values);

/**
*
* 分页查询时,用来统计总条数
*
* @param clazz
* @param attrs
* @param values
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> int pageCount(Class<T> clazz,String[]attrs,Object[]values);

/**
*
* 统计总条数
*
* @param clazz
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> int countAll(Class<T> clazz);

/**
*
* 指定查询使用的命名sql,查询结果封装成map
*
* @param statment
* @param paraMap
* @return
*/
List<Map<String,Object>>  selectMap(String statment, Map<String, Object> paraMap);

}

dao层实现:

package com.wls.websvn.dao.mybatis;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.wls.websvn.dao.CommonDao;
import com.wls.websvn.support.Page;

@Repository("commonDao")
public class CommonDaoImpl implements CommonDao {

@Resource(name = "sqlSessionFactory")
protected SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

protected <T> String getStatement(Class<T> clazz, String prefix) {
String entityName = clazz.getSimpleName();
if (entityName.endsWith("Model")) {
entityName = entityName.substring(0, entityName.length() - 5);
}
entityName = prefix + entityName;
return entityName;
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> int save(T pojo) {
String statement = getStatement(pojo.getClass(), "insert");
return sqlSessionF
4000
actory.openSession().insert(statement, pojo);
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> int deleteById(Class<T> clazz,
Serializable id) {
String statement = getStatement(clazz, "idDelete");
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession().update(statement, id);
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> T getById(Class<T> clazz, Serializable id) {
String statement = getStatement(clazz, "idGet");
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession().selectOne(statement, id);
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> List<T> listAll(Class<T> clazz) {
String statement = getStatement(clazz, "list");
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession().selectList(statement);
}

/**
*
* 组装排序串
*
* @param sort
* @param order 最好将order定义成枚举类型,传递一个枚举数组
* @return
*/
private String genOrderStr(String sort, String order) {
String orderBy = "";
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(sort)) {
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(order)) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(" ");
String[] aSort = sort.split(",");
String[] aOrder = order.split(",");
for (int i = 0; i < aSort.length; i++) {
sb.append(aSort[i]).append(" ");
if (i < aOrder.length) {
sb.append(aOrder[i]).append(",");
} else {
sb.append("ASC").append(",");
}
}
// 删除最后一个,
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
orderBy = sb.toString();

} else {
orderBy = " order by " + sort;
}
}

return orderBy;
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> int pageCount(Class<T> clazz,
String[] attrs, Object[] values) {
Map<String, Object> paraMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();

if (values != null && attrs != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
if (i < attrs.length) {
paraMap.put(attrs[i], values[i]);
}
}
}
String statement = getStatement(clazz, "pageCount");
Object o = sqlSessionFactory.openSession().selectOne(statement,paraMap);
return Integer.parseInt(o.toString());
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> Page<T> pageSelect(Class<T> clazz,
Page<T> p, String[] attrs, Object[] values) {
int startNum = p.getStartIndex();
int pageSize = p.getPageSize();
String orderBy = genOrderStr(p.getSort(), p.getOrder());
Map<String, Object> paraMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();

if (values != null && attrs != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
if (i < attrs.length) {
paraMap.put(attrs[i], values[i]);
}

}
}
String statement = getStatement(clazz, "page");
p.setTotal(pageCount(clazz, attrs, values));

paraMap.put("startNum", startNum);
paraMap.put("pageSize", pageSize);
paraMap.put("endNum", startNum + pageSize);
paraMap.put("orderBy", orderBy);
List<T> list = sqlSessionFactory.openSession().selectList(statement,
paraMap);
p.setData(list);
return p;
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> int countAll(Class<T> clazz) {
String statement = getStatement(clazz, "count");
Object o = sqlSessionFactory.openSession().selectOne(statement);
return Integer.parseInt(o.toString());
}

@Override
public List<Map<String, Object>> selectMap(String statement,
Map<String, Object> paraMap) {
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession().selectList(statement, paraMap);
}

}


support:
package com.wls.websvn.support;

import java.util.List;

public class Page<T> {

/**
* 页码
*/
private int page = 1;

/**
* 每页条数
*/
private int pageSize = 10;

/**
* 总记录数
*/
private long total;

/**
* 排序列
*/
private String sort;

/**
* 升降序
*/
private String order;

/**
* 单页数据
*/
private List<T> data;

public Page() {
this.page = 1;
this.pageSize = 10;
}

public Page(int page, int pageSize) {
this.page = page;
this.pageSize = pageSize;
}

/**
* 获取page值
* @return int page.
*/
public int getPage() {
return page;
}

/**
* 设置page值
* @param page The page to set.
*/
public void setPage(int page) {
this.page = page;
}

/**
* 获取pageSize值
* @return int pageSize.
*/
public int getPageSize() {
return pageSize;
}

/**
* 设置pageSize值
* @param pageSize The pageSize to set.
*/
public void setPageSize(int pageSize) {
this.pageSize = pageSize;
}

/**
* 获取data值
* @return List<T> data.
*/
public List<T> getData() {
return data;
}

/**
* 设置data值
* @param data The data to set.
*/
public void setData(List<T> data) {
this.data = data;
}

/**
* 获取total值
* @return long total.
*/
public long getTotal() {
return total;
}

/**
* 设置total值
* @param total The total to set.
*/
public void setTotal(long total) {
this.total = total;
}

public String getSort() {
return sort;
}

public void setSort(String sort) {
this.sort = sort;
}

/**
* @return the order
*/
public String getOrder() {
return order;
}

/**
* @param order the order to set
*/
public void setOrder(String order) {
this.order = order;
}

/**
*
* 获取分页开始的位置
*
* @return
*/
public int getStartIndex() {
if(page<1){
return 0;
}
return (page - 1) * pageSize;
}
}


service层:
package com.wls.websvn.service;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import com.wls.websvn.support.Page;

public interface CommonService {

/**
*
* 增加一个实体
* @param pojo
* @return 影响的行数 0失败,1成功
*/
public <T extends Serializable> int save(T pojo);

/**
*
* 通过id删除实体
*
* @param clazz
* @param id
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> int deleteById(Class<T> clazz,
Serializable id);

/**
*
* 通过主键获取实体
*
* @param clazz
* @param id
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> T getById(Class<T> clazz, Serializable id);

/**
*
* 查询所有实体
*
* @param clazz
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> List<T> listAll(Class<T> clazz);

/**
*
* 分页查询
*
* @param clazz
* @param p
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> Page<T> pageSelect(Class<T> clazz,Page<T> p,String[]attrs,Object[]values);

/**
*
* 分页查询时,用来统计总条数
*
* @param clazz
* @param attrs
* @param values
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> int pageCount(Class<T> clazz,String[]attrs,Object[]values);

/**
*
* 统计总条数
*
* @param clazz
* @return
*/
public <T extends Serializable> int countAll(Class<T> clazz);

/**
*
* 指定查询使用的命名sql,查询结果封装成map
*
* @param statment
* @param paraMap
* @return
*/
List<Map<String,Object>> selectMap(String statment, Map<String, Object> paraMap);

}


service层实现:
package com.wls.websvn.service.impl;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.wls.websvn.dao.CommonDao;
import com.wls.websvn.service.CommonService;
import com.wls.websvn.support.Page;

/**
*
* @author weilisky
* 考虑将来可能切换到hibernate或其他框架的情况,尽量的将切换时不用变的代码移到service层。
* 将切换时可能会变更的代码放在了dao层
*
*/
@Service("commonService")
public class CommonServiceImpl implements CommonService {

@Resource(name = "commonDao")
protected CommonDao commonDao;

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> int save(T pojo) {
return commonDao.save(pojo);
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> int deleteById(Class<T> clazz,
Serializable id) {
return commonDao.deleteById(clazz, id);
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> T getById(Class<T> clazz, Serializable id) {
return commonDao.getById(clazz, id);
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> List<T> listAll(Class<T> clazz) {
return commonDao.listAll(clazz);
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> int pageCount(Class<T> clazz,
String[] attrs, Object[] values) {
return commonDao.pageCount(clazz, attrs, values);
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> Page<T> pageSelect(Class<T> clazz,
Page<T> p, String[] attrs, Object[] values) {
return commonDao.pageSelect(clazz, p, attrs, values);
}

@Override
public <T extends Serializable> int countAll(Class<T> clazz) {
return commonDao.countAll(clazz);
}

@Override
public List<Map<String, Object>> selectMap(String statement,
Map<String, Object> paraMap) {
return commonDao.selectMap(statement, paraMap);
}

}


通过泛型,这里做到了service层可以查询各种实体。如果实体的操作简单,完全没有必要再写service层,commonService应该就够用,当然你还可以增加CommonService增加方法(当然可能需要同步增加CommonDao),使其更通用。
如果CommonService不够用了,你的接口应该继承CommonService接口,你的实现应该继承CommonServiceImpl实现,然后根据需要override其中的一些方法。

需要说明一下,我们把protected <T> String getStatement(Class<T> clazz, String prefix)放置在dao层,因为它并不是业务逻辑的一部分,而且对于mybaits框架,你需要这个方法,而对应hibenate你可能根本不需要(或则可以把这个方法重构到另外的一个接口)。

最后附上例子model和mapping:

package com.wls.websvn.model;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

public class BaseModel implements Serializable{

/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -459530011111182045L;

protected Long id;

protected Date createDate;

public Long getId() {
return id;
}

public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}

public Date getCreateDate() {
return createDate;
}

public void setCreateDate(Date createDate) {
this.createDate = createDate;
}

}

package com.wls.websvn.model;

public class UserModel extends BaseModel {

/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5715947400419117755L;
//登录名
private String userName;
//真实姓名
private String realName;
//密码
private String userPwd;

private String phoneNum;

public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}

public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}

public String getRealName() {
return realName;
}

public void setRealName(String realName) {
this.realName = realName;
}

public String getUserPwd() {
return userPwd;
}

public void setUserPwd(String userPwd) {
this.userPwd = userPwd;
}

public String getPhoneNum() {
return phoneNum;
}

public void setPhoneNum(String phoneNum) {
this.phoneNum = phoneNum;
}

}


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.wls.websvn.model.UserModel">

<!-- PROCESSDEFINITION INSERT -->

<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com.wls.websvn.model.UserModel">
insert into
SVN_USER(ID_,
NAME_, REALNAME_, PASSWORD_, MOBILEPHONE_,CREATE_TIME_)
values
(#{id,
jdbcType=BIGINT},
#{userName, jdbcType=VARCHAR},
#{realName,
jdbcType=VARCHAR},
#{userPwd, jdbcType=VARCHAR},
#{phoneNum,
jdbcType=VARCHAR},
#{createDate,
jdbcType=TIMESTAMP})
</insert>

<update id="idDeleteUser" parameterType="long">
DELETE FROM
SVN_USER WHERE ID_=#{id,jdbcType=BIGINT}
</update>

<resultMap id="userResultMap" type="com.wls.websvn.model.UserModel">
<id property="id" column="ID_" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
<result property="userName" column="NAME_" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
<result property="realName" column="REALNAME_" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
<result property="userPwd" column="PASSWORD_" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
<result property="phoneNum" column="MOBILEPHONE_" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
<result property="createDate" column="CREATE_TIME_" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
</resultMap>

<select id="idGetUser" parameterType="string" resultMap="userResultMap">
SELECT *
FROM SVN_USER WHERE ID_=#{id,jdbcType=BIGINT}
</select>

<select id="countUser" resultType="int">
SELECT COUNT(1) FROM
SVN_USER
</select>

<select id="listUser" resultMap="userResultMap">
SELECT * FROM SVN_USER
</select>

<select id="pageCountUser" resultType="int" parameterType="map">
select count(1) from SVN_USER ST
<where>
<if test="id!=null and id!='' ">
ST.ID_ = #{id}
</if>
<if test="name!= null and name!= '' ">
AND ST.NAME_ LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{name}),'%')
</if>
<if test="codePrefix !=null and codePrefix!='' ">
AND ST.CODEPREFIX_ = #{codePrefix}
</if>
<if test="active !=null ">
AND ST.ACTIVE_ = #{active}
</if>
<if test="description !=null and description!='' ">
AND ST.DESCRIPTION_ = #{description}
</if>
</where>
</select>

<select id="pageUser" resultMap="userResultMap"
parameterType="map">
select * from SVN_USER ST
<where>
<if test="id!=null and id!='' ">
ST.ID_ = #{id}
</if>
<if test="name!= null and name!= '' ">
AND ST.NAME_ LIKE CONCAT(CONCAT('%', #{name}),'%')
</if>
<if test="codePrefix !=null and codePrefix!='' ">
AND ST.CODEPREFIX_ = #{codePrefix}
</if>
<if test="active !=null ">
AND ST.ACTIVE_ = #{active}
</if>
<if test="description !=null and description!='' ">
AND ST.DESCRIPTION_ = #{description}
</if>
</where>
<if test="startNum!=null">
LIMIT ${startNum} , ${pageSize}
</if>

<if test="orderBy!=null and orderBy!='' ">
${orderBy}
</if>

</select>

<select id="selectMap" resultType="map" parameterType="map">
SELECT *
FROM SVN_USER
</select>

</mapper>

部分spring配置:
applicationContext-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
<!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
<!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
</bean>

<!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的
bc16
配置映射文件 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/wls/websvn/mapping/*.xml"></property>
</bean>

<!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.wls.websvn.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
-->
<!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>

</beans>
applicationContext-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd" default-lazy-init="true">
<aop:config>
<aop:advisor id="managerTx" advice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut="execution(* *..service.*Manager.*(..))" order="0" />

<aop:advisor id="managerTxService" advice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut="execution(* *..service.*Service.*(..))" order="1" />

</aop:config>

<!-- Enable @Transactional support -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

<!-- Enable @AspectJ support -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" />

<!-- Activates scanning of @Autowired -->
<context:annotation-config />

<!-- Activates scanning of @Service -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.dcfs.qed" />

<tx:advice id="txAdvice">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="set*" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="exist*" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="load*" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="query*" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="list*" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="paging*" read-only="true" />

<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"
rollback-for="Exception" />
<tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />
<tx:method name="remove*" propagation="REQUIRED"
rollback-for="Exception" />
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"
rollback-for="Exception" />

<tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />

<tx:method name="create*" propagation="REQUIRED"
rollback-for="Exception" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
</beans>


hibernate的通用下次再整理
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