NPlot在c#中的使用

图表控件一直是很难找的，特别是免费又强大的。NPlot是一款非常难得的.Net平台下的图表控件，能做各种曲线图，柱状图，饼图，散点图，股票图等，而且它免费又开源，使用起来也非常符合程序员的习惯。唯一的缺点就是文档特别难找，难读。通过对其文档的阅读和对示例程序源代码的分析，现在将NPlot的基本概念整理如下：

 

    NPlot的命名空间包括NPlot,NPlot.Bitmap,NPlot.Web,NPlot.Web.Design,NPlot.Windows等，其中最核心的，管理各种图表的类都属于NPlot命名空间，NPlot.Bitmap针对位图的管理，NPlot.Web,NPlot.Web.Design和NPlot.Windows则可视为NPlot图表在Web Form和Windows Form上的容器(PlotSurface2D)。这些容器可以拖到Form上，也可以位于其他容器之中。

 

    要在应用程序中应用NPlot控件，首先要把所下载的NPlot.dll添加到.Net工程中。并将其添加到工具箱托盘中。添加方式为：在工具箱上单击右键，选择“选择项”，会出现“选择工具箱项”对话框，在“.Net Frameworks组件”属性页，选择浏览，找到NPlot.dll添加到工具箱项。这时工具箱中会出现NPlot控件。在设计应用程序界面时，可以将其拖入应用程序界面，系统会在代码中自动创建一个PlotSurface2D对象。

 

    PlotSurface2D对象是NPlot图表的容器，所有的图表图形，坐标，标题（都继承IDrawable接口）等各种信息都可以被加入PlotSurface2D。PlotSurface2D拥有一个非常重要的方法：Add。各种图表图形，坐标，标题都可以通过Add加入PlotSurface2D对象。

 

我们可以通过下面简单的代码示例来了解NPlot的基本用法：

 

public void plotline()
{
// --- Plotting ---
plot.Clear();
// --- Grid Code ---
Grid mygrid = new Grid();
mygrid.HorizontalGridType = Grid.GridType.None;
mygrid.VerticalGridType = Grid.GridType.Fine;
plot.Add(mygrid);
plot.Title = "Test";
StepPlot line = new StepPlot();
line.Pen = new Pen (Color.Red, 1);
line.OrdinateData = new int [] {0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0};
line.HideVerticalSegments = false;
plot.Add(line);
plot.Refresh();
return;
}

 

 

Grid对象和StepPlot对象都是NPlot命名空间中的对象，都继承于NPlot.IDrawable，都可以作为PlotSurface2D.Add函数调用，在NPlot中画图，就是把网格，坐标，图形等各种对象加入PlotSurface2D对象中，一切就那么简单！

 

下面给出更多代码例子

////////对所绘的图进行打印与保存//////////
private void print()
{
myPlot.Print(true);
}
private void save()
{
saveFileDialog1.Filter = "位图(*.bmp)|*.bmp|JPEG(*.jpg)|*.jpg;*.jpeg;*,jpe|Gif(*.gif)|*.gif|Tiff(*.tiff)|*.tiff|Png(*.png)|*.png|Exif(*.exif)|*.exif|所有文件(*.*)|*.*";
if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
try
{
int h = myPlot.Size.Height;
int w = myPlot.Size.Width;
Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(w, h);
Bitmap bm1 = new Bitmap(w, h);
Rectangle rt = new Rectangle(1, 1, w, h);
saveFileDialog1.RestoreDirectory = true;
saveFileDialog1.CreatePrompt = true;
myPlot.DrawToBitmap(bm, rt);
if (saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex == 1)
{
bm.Save(saveFileDialog1.FileName);
}
if (saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex == 2)
{
bm.Save(saveFileDialog1.FileName, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
}
if (saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex == 3)
{
bm.Save(saveFileDialog1.FileName, ImageFormat.Gif);
}
if (saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex == 4)
{
bm.Save(saveFileDialog1.FileName, ImageFormat.Tiff);
}
if (saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex == 5)
{
bm.Save(saveFileDialog1.FileName, ImageFormat.Png);
}
if (saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex == 6)
{
bm.Save(saveFileDialog1.FileName, ImageFormat.Exif);
}
}
catch (Exception MyEx)
{
MessageBox.Show(MyEx.ToString(), "错误提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Warning);
}
}
}

///放大缩小
private void changeSize()
{
this.myPlot.XAxis1.IncreaseRange(0.1);
this.myPlot.YAxis1.IncreaseRange(0.1); //缩小
this.myPlot.XAxis1.IncreaseRange(-0.1);
this.myPlot.YAxis1.IncreaseRange(-0.1); //放大
this.myPlot.Refresh();
}
/////////各种绘图//////////
private void plot()
{
this.myPlot.Clear(
////////标签//////////
string[] strLabel = new string[leng];
for (int i = 0; i < leng; i++)
strLabel[i] = Convert.ToString(p[i]);
LabelPointPlot labp = new LabelPointPlot();
labp.AbscissaData = X;
labp.OrdinateData = p;
labp.TextData = strLabel;
labp.LabelTextPosition = LabelPointPlot.LabelPositions.Above;
labp.Marker = new Marker(Marker.MarkerType.Square, 8);
labp.Marker.Color = Color.Blue;
myPlot.Add(labp);
myPlot.Refresh();
////////网格//////////
Grid mygrid = new Grid();
mygrid.HorizontalGridType = Grid.GridType.Fine;
mygrid.VerticalGridType = Grid.GridType.Fine;
this.myPlot.Add(mygrid);
////////曲线，双坐标轴//////////
///////水平线//////////
HorizontalLine line = new HorizontalLine(1.2);
line.LengthScale = 0.89f;
this.myPlot.Add(line, -10);
///////垂直线///////////
VerticalLine line2 = new VerticalLine(1.2);
line2.LengthScale = 0.89f;
this.myPlot.Add(line2);
///////普通的线///////////
LinePlot lp3 = new LinePlot();
lp3.OrdinateData = yPW;
lp3.AbscissaData = x;
lp3.Pen = new Pen(Color.Orange);
lp3.Pen.Width = 2;
lp3.Label = " 价格";
this.myPlot.Add(lp3);
LinearAxis linx = (LinearAxis)myPlot.XAxis1;
this.myPlot.XAxis1 = linx;
LinearAxis liny = (LinearAxis)myPlot.YAxis1;
liny.Label = "价格";
liny.AxisColor = Color.Orange;
liny.LabelColor = Color.Orange;
liny.TickTextColor = Color.Orange;
this.myPlot.YAxis1 = liny;

LinePlot lp4 = new LinePlot();
lp4.OrdinateData = yUw;
lp4.AbscissaData = x;
lp4.Pen = new Pen(Color.Green);
lp4.Pen.Width = 2;
lp4.Label = "销售量";
this.myPlot.Add(lp4, PlotSurface2D.XAxisPosition.Top, PlotSurface2D.YAxisPosition.Right);
LinearAxis liny2 = (LinearAxis)myPlot.YAxis2;
liny2.WorldMax = 1.2;
liny2.WorldMin = 0;
liny2.Label = "销售量";
liny2.AxisColor = Color.Green;
liny2.LabelColor = Color.Green;
liny2.TickTextColor = Color.Green;
this.myPlot.YAxis2 = liny2;
///////图例//////////
this.myPlot.Legend = new Legend();
this.myPlot.Legend.AttachTo(PlotSurface2D.XAxisPosition.Top, PlotSurface2D.YAxisPosition.Right);
this.myPlot.Legend.NumberItemsHorizontally = 2;
this.myPlot.Legend.HorizontalEdgePlacement = Legend.Placement.Inside;
this.myPlot.Legend.VerticalEdgePlacement = Legend.Placement.Inside;
this.myPlot.Legend.YOffset = 5;
this.myPlot.Legend.XOffset = -5;
///////窗体移动//////////
this.myPlot.AddInteraction(new NPlot.Windows.PlotSurface2D.Interactions.HorizontalDrag());
this.myPlot.AddInteraction(new NPlot.Windows.PlotSurface2D.Interactions.VerticalDrag());
this.myPlot.AddInteraction(new NPlot.Windows.PlotSurface2D.Interactions.AxisDrag(true));
//////累加的柱状图////////
HistogramPlot hp3 = new HistogramPlot();
hp3.AbscissaData = x;
hp3.OrdinateData = yCC1;
hp3.BaseWidth = 0.6f;
hp3.RectangleBrush = RectangleBrushes.Vertical.FaintBlueFade;
hp3.Filled = true;
hp3.Label = "一月";
HistogramPlot hp4 = new HistogramPlot();
hp4.AbscissaData = x;
hp4.OrdinateData = yCC2;
hp4.Label = "二月";
hp4.RectangleBrush = RectangleBrushes.Horizontal.FaintGreenFade;
hp4.Filled = true;
hp4.StackedTo(hp3);
this.myPlot.Add(hp3);
this.myPlot.Add(hp4);
//////阶状图////////
StepPlot sp1 = new StepPlot();
sp1.OrdinateData = yCH1;
sp1.AbscissaData = x;
sp1.Label = "高度";
sp1.Pen.Width = 2;
sp1.Pen.Color = Color.Blue;
this.myPlot.Add(sp1);
/////点状图////////
Marker m = new Marker(Marker.MarkerType.Cross1, 6, new Pen(Color.Blue, 2.0F));
PointPlot pp = new PointPlot(m);
pp.OrdinateData = a;
pp.AbscissaData = new StartStep(-500.0, 10.0);
pp.Label = "Random";
this.myPlot.Add(pp);
/////Image图////////
double[,] map = new double[19, 19];
for (int i = 0; i < 19; ++i)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 19; ++j)
{
map[i, j] = Convert.ToDouble(tokens[i * 19 + j], new
System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US"));
}
}
ImagePlot ip = new ImagePlot(map, -9.0f, 1.0f, -9.0f, 1.0f);
ip.Gradient = new LinearGradient(Color.Gold, Color.Black);
this.myPlot.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.None;
this.myPlot.AddInteraction(new NPlot.Windows.PlotSurface2D.Interactions.RubberBandSelection());
this.myPlot.Add(ip);
///////蜡烛图///////////
int[] opens =  { 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3 };
double[] closes = { 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1 };
float[] lows =   { 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 };
System.Int64[] highs =  { 3, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4 };
int[] times =  { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
CandlePlot cp = new CandlePlot();
cp.CloseData = closes;
cp.OpenData = opens;
cp.LowData = lows;
cp.HighData = highs;
cp.AbscissaData = times;
this.myPlot.Add(cp);
/////对数坐标轴////////

// x axis
LogAxis logax = new LogAxis(plotSurface.XAxis1);
logax.WorldMin = xmin;
logax.WorldMax = xmax;
logax.AxisColor = Color.Red;
logax.LabelColor = Color.Red;
logax.TickTextColor = Color.Red;
logax.LargeTickStep = 1.0f;
logax.Label = "x";
this.myPlot.XAxis1 = logax;
// y axis
LogAxis logay = new LogAxis(plotSurface.YAxis1);
logay.WorldMin = ymin;
logay.WorldMax = ymax;
logay.AxisColor = Color.Red;
logay.LabelColor = Color.Red;
logay.TickTextColor = Color.Red;
logay.LargeTickStep = 1.0f;
logay.Label = "x^2";
this.myPlot.YAxis1 = logay;
/////字符坐标轴////////
LabelAxis la1 = new LabelAxis(this.myPlot.XAxis1);
string[] sX = new string [15];
for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++)
{
la1.AddLabel(sX[i].ToString(), i);
}
la1.Label = "时间";
la1.TickTextFont = new Font("Courier New", 10);
la1.TicksBetweenText = true;
this.myPlot.XAxis1 = la1;
/////区域着色////////
FilledRegion fr = new FilledRegion(new VerticalLine(1.2),new VerticalLine(2.4));
//两条线之间的区域： FilledRegion fr = new FilledRegion(lp1, lp2);
fr.Brush = Brushes.BlanchedAlmond;
this.myPlot.Add(fr);
//////画箭头//////////
ArrowItem a = new ArrowItem(new PointD(2, 4),360-(30-90), "Arrow");
a.HeadOffset = 5;
a.ArrowColor = Color.Red;
a.TextColor = Color.Purple;
this.myPlot.Add(a);

this.myPlot.Refresh();
}