python 操作mysql数据库

摘要: 一在ubuntu环境下，用python操作mysql数据库，包括导出mysql服务器上所有数据库的表结构。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#python operate mysql database
import MySQLdb
import os

#数据库名称
DATABASE_NAME = ''
#host = 'localhost' or '192.168.1.200'
HOST = '192.168.1.200'
#端口号
PORT = '3306'
#用户名称
USER_NAME = 'java'
#数据库密码
PASSWORD = '98'
#数据库编码
CHAR_SET = 'utf8'

#初始化参数
def init():
global DATABASE_NAME
DATABASE_NAME = 'abtest'
global HOST
HOST = '192.168.1.200'
global PORT
PORT = '3306'
global USER_NAME
USER_NAME = 'java'
global PASSWORD
PASSWORD = '98'
global CHAR_SET
CHAR_SET = 'utf8'

#获取数据库连接
def get_conn():
init()
return MySQLdb.connect(host = HOST, user = USER_NAME, passwd = PASSWORD, db = DATABASE_NAME, charset = CHAR_SET)

#获取cursor
def get_cursor(conn):
return conn.cursor()

#关闭连接
def conn_close(conn):
if conn != None:
conn.close()

#关闭cursor
def cursor_close(cursor):
if cursor != None:
cursor.close()

#关闭所有
def close(cursor, conn):
cursor_close(cursor)
conn_close(conn)

#创建表
def create_table():
sql = '''
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
'''
conn = get_conn()
cursor = get_cursor(conn)
result = cursor.execute(sql)
conn.commit()
close(cursor, conn)
return result

#查询表信息
def query_table(table_name):
if table_name != '':
sql = 'select * from ' + table_name
conn = get_conn()
cursor = get_cursor(conn)
result = cursor.execute(sql)
for row in cursor.fetchall():
print(row)
#for r in row: #循环每一条数据
#print(r)
close(cursor, conn)
else:
print('table name is empty!')

#插入数据
def insert_table():
sql = 'insert into student(id, name, age) values(%s, %s, %s)'
params = ('1', 'Hongten_a', '21')
conn = get_conn()
cursor = get_cursor(conn)
result = cursor.execute(sql, params)
conn.commit()
close(cursor, conn)
return result

#更新数据
def update_table():
sql = 'update student set name = %s where id = 1'
params = ('HONGTEN')
conn = get_conn()
cursor = get_cursor(conn)
result = cursor.execute(sql, params)
conn.commit()
close(cursor, conn)
return result

#删除数据
def delete_data():
sql = 'delete from student where id = %s'
params = ('1')
conn = get_conn()
cursor = get_cursor(conn)
result = cursor.execute(sql, params)
conn.commit()
close(cursor, conn)
return result

#数据库连接信息
def print_info():
print('数据库连接信息:' + DATABASE_NAME + HOST + PORT + USER_NAME + PASSWORD + CHAR_SET)

#打印出数据库中表情况
def show_databases():
sql = 'show databases'
conn = get_conn()
cursor = get_cursor(conn)
result = cursor.execute(sql)
for row in cursor.fetchall():
print(row)
for r in row: #循环每一条数据
print(r)
mysqldump_databases(r)

#数据库中表情况
def show_tables():
sql = 'show tables'
conn = get_conn()
cursor = get_cursor(conn)
result = cursor.execute(sql)
for row in cursor.fetchall():
print(row)

#导出数据库数据结构
def mysqldump_databases(databasename):
sql = 'mysqldump -h 192.168.1.200 -ujava -p98 -d ' + databasename + ' > ' + databasename + '.sql'
#conn = get_conn()
#cursor = get_cursor(conn)
#result = cursor.execute(sql)
os.system(sql)

def main():
#show_tables()
#创建表
#result = create_table()
#print(result)
#查询表
#query_table('student')
#插入数据
#print(insert_table())
#print('插入数据后....')
#query_table('student')
#更新数据
#print(update_table())
#print('更新数据后....')
#query_table('student')
#删除数据
#delete_data()
#print('删除数据后....')
#query_table('student')
#print_info()
#数据库中表情况
#show_tables()
show_databases()
#mysqldump_databases('abroadpayserverdb')

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()