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CentOS中nginx负载均衡和反向代理的搭建

2016-07-03 10:32 267 查看

1: 修改centos命令行启动(减少内存占用):

vim /etc/inittab     id:5:initdefault:  --> 修改5为3
若要界面启动使用 startx


2:安装jdk

1)解压:jdk-7u55-linux-i586.tar.gz
[root@localhost jdk]# tar -zxvf jdk-7u55-linux-i586.tar.gz
2)复制:[root@localhost jdk]# cp -rf jdk1.7.0_55/ /usr/local/jdk
3)配置环境;[root@localhost bin]# vim /etc/profile
最后面插入:export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.7.0_79
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
4)刷新配置文件:source /etc/profile

验证:java   javac


3:安装tomcat

1)解压:tar -zxvf
2)授权:chmod u+x/usr/local/tomcats/tomcat1/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/bin
3)启动:进入tomcat目录bin 目录后: ./startup.sh
4)开放端口:vim  /etc/sysconfig/iptables
5)关闭防火墙:chkconfig iptables off
6)重启防火墙: service iptables restart
7)修改端口号:vim conf/server.xml
8)查看进程:ps aux | grep tomcat


4:安装nginx

1)安装环境:
yum -y install gcc-c++
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

2)解压:tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
3)移动: mv  nginx-1.8.0 /usr/local/nginx/
4)创建临时目录:var]# mkdir -p temp/nginx
5)进入目录:cd nginx-1.8.0/
6)修改参数:


./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/client \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/proxy \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/fastcgi \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/scgi


7)编译安装:
make
make install

8)启动: cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
./nginx
9)查看进程:ps aux | grep nginx
10)快速停止:./nginx -s stop
11)完整停止:./nginx  -s quit  此方式停止步骤是待nginx进程处理任务完毕进行停止。推荐使用
12)重启: ./nginx -s quit
./nginx
13)重新加载配置文件: ./nginx -s reload


5:配置虚拟主机:

1、nginx支持的三种虚拟主机的配置:
基于ip的虚拟主机
基于域名的虚拟主机
基于端口的虚拟主机

2、nginx配置文件的结构: 每个service就是一个虚拟主机


......
events{
......
}

http{
.......
server{
......
}

server{
......
}
}


3、基于ip的虚拟主机配置:
修改配置文件: vim /usr/local/nginx/nginx-1.8.0/conf/nginx.conf


server{
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.31.88;

location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}


4、基于域名的虚拟主机配置:
修改配置文件:vim /usr/local/nginx/nginx-1.8.0/conf/nginx.conf


server{
listen 80;
server_name www.nginxdns1.com;

location / {
root html_dns1;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}

server{
listen 80;
server_name www.nginxdns2.com;

location / {
root html_dns2;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}


5、基于端口的虚拟主机配置:
修改配置文件:vim /usr/local/nginx/nginx-1.8.0/conf/nginx.conf

监听端口:netstat -an | grep 80


server{
listen 88;
server_name 192.168.31.88;

location / {
root html_port1;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}

server{
listen 89;
server_name 192.168.31.88;

location / {
root html_port2;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}


6、nginx 反向代理:

修改hosts:# nginx反向代理环境测试
192.168.31.88 www.nginxproxy1.com
192.168.31.88 www.nginxproxy2.com

开启不同虚拟机中的两台tomcat:192.168.31.88:8080 和 192.168.31.89:8081
修改配置文件


#代理tomcat1服务器
upstream  tomcat_server1{
server  192.168.31.89:8081;
}

#代理tomcat2服务器
upstream tomcat_server2{
server 192.168.31.88:8080;
}

#配置虚拟主机:
server{
listen 80;
server_name www.nginxproxy1.com;

location / {
#root html_port1;

proxy_pass http://tomcat_server1; index index.html index.htm;
}
}

server{
listen 80;
server_name www.nginxproxy2.com;

location / {
#root html_port2;
proxy_pass http://tomcat_server2; index index.html index.htm;
}
}


7、nginx 负载均衡:

修改hosts :# nginx负载均衡环境测试
192.168.31.88 www.nginxbalance.com

开启不同虚拟机中的两台tomcat:192.168.31.88:8080 和 192.168.31.89:8081
修改配置文件:


#代理tomcat2服务器
upstream tomcat_server_pool{
server 192.168.31.88:8080 weight=1;
server 192.168.31.89:8081 weight=1;
}

#配置虚拟主机:
server{
listen 80;
server_name www.nginxbalance.com;

location / {
#root html_port1;

proxy_pass http://tomcat_server_pool; index index.html index.htm;
}
}


hosts文件配置:

1:nginx基于域名环境测试

192.168.31.88 www.nginxdns1.com
192.168.31.88 www.nginxdns2.com

2:nginx反向代理环境测试

192.168.31.88 www.nginxproxy1.com
192.168.31.88 www.nginxproxy2.com

3:nginx负载均衡环境测试

192.168.31.88 www.nginxbalance.com

来源:http://blog.csdn.net/liudongdong0909/article/details/51048788
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