SQL使用总结

一、常用SQL Server

1.添加列

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[RO_RoRectificationNotice] 

ADD SerialNum varchar(20) NULL;

2.修改列的数据类型

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[RO_RoRectificationNotice] 

ALTER COLUMN InspectPerson varchar(40) NOT NULL;

3.创建表 

CREATE TABLE VE_VehicleDgTransRoute(

    VehicleDgTransRouteId    varchar(32)      NOT NULL,

    ProvinceArea             varchar(30)      NULL, 

    CONSTRAINT PK_VehicleDgTransRoute PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED (VehicleDgTransRouteId) ON [VEHICLE_IDX]

)ON [VEHICLE_DATA]

go

4.添加数据

（1）INSERT INTO TableName (Column1,Column2,Column3,Column4) VALUES ('1','1','',1);

（2）INSERT INTO "表格1" ("栏位1", "栏位2", ...) SELECT "栏位3", "栏位4", ... FROM "表格2";

5.删除数据

delete from TableName where PermissionId = '001' 

6.修改数据

1）多表连接更新:

（1）update a set a.Telephone=b.Telephone from PSP_User a,RO_RoadOwner b

where a.ObjectId=b.OwnerId

（2）update PR_TAXIDRIVEREVALUATIONINFO A set A.LASTFEEDBACKTIME = (select max(FeedBackTime) from PR_TaxiDriverEvalProcess B where A.INFOID = B.InfoId)

2）根据身份证修改出生日期 （oracle）:

update PR_PRACREGISTERAPPLY set BIRTHDAY = to_date(CONCAT(CONCAT(CONCAT(CONCAT(CONCAT(SUBSTR(IdcertNum, 7, 4), '-'), SUBSTR(IdcertNum, 11,
2)),'-'),SUBSTR(IdcertNum, 13, 2)),' 00:00:00'), 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') ;

6.判断是否含有中文字符

（1）语法：select  case when LEN(字段)<>DATALENGTH(字段) then 0 else 字段 end FROM 表

（2）实例：

select * from PSP_User where UserType = 1 and LoginName like 'W%' and LEN(LoginName)<>DATALENGTH(LoginName)

select case when LEN(LoginName)<>DATALENGTH(LoginName) then 0 else 1 end from PSP_User;

二、常用Oracle SQL

1.添加字段

ALTER TABLE test1

ADD (name varchar2(30) default ‘无名氏’ not null,

age integer default 22 not null,

has_money number(9,2)

);

2.修改字段

ALTER TABLE PR_PracForeignRegister 

MODIFY (OwnerLicenseNum VARCHAR2(20) NULL);

or

Add/modify columns 

ALTER TABLE TABLE_NAME rename column FIELD_NAME to NEW_FIELD_NAME;

3.删除字段

alter table test1

drop column name;

4.创建表 

CREATE TABLE TableName(

    DelayId         VARCHAR2(32)     NOT NULL,

    ApplyToDate     DATE             NOT NULL,

    ApplyReason     VARCHAR2(500)    NOT NULL, 

    CONSTRAINT PK_TaxiDriverEvalApplyDelay PRIMARY KEY (DelayId)

    USING INDEX

TABLESPACE PRACAPPLY_IDX, 

    CONSTRAINT RefPR_TaxiDriverEvaluationI101 FOREIGN KEY (InfoId)

    REFERENCES PR_TaxiDriverEvaluationInfo(InfoId)

)

TABLESPACE PRACAPPLY_DATA

;

5.添加数据

INSERT INTO SP_PrintTemplate values('PracRegisterLabel','从业人员备案标签','','','Practitioner',1,1,'',1,'PracRegisterLabel','1');

COMMIT;

6.删除数据 

DELETE FROM SP_PrintTemplate where 
COMMIT;

7.修改数据

1）多表连接更新：

（1）update CH_CHARTERAPPLY a set a.startname = (select b.STARTPOINT from CH_CHARTEROWNER b where a.OwnerId = b.OwnerId ) ,

a.StartCode =  (select b.AreaCode from CH_CHARTEROWNER b where a.OwnerId = b.OwnerId ) 

where  a.startname = '省' ;

（2）update customers a -- 使用别名

set city_name=nvl((select b.city_name from tmp_cust_city b where b.customer_id=a.customer_id),a.city_name)

8.修改表名

ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

9.修改列的名称
ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME COLUMN supplier_name to sname;