HttpClient在HTTP协议接口测试中的使用
2016-06-30 17:28
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原作者 http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangfei/p/5099036.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/whatlonelytear/articles/4835538.html
HTTP协议的接口测试中,使用到最多的就是GET请求与POST请求,其中POST请求有FORM参数提交请求与RAW请求,下面我将结合HttpClient来实现一下这三种形式:
一.GET请求: GET请求时,参数一般是写在链接上的,代码如下:
如果想把参数不写在链接上,单独的传进去,则可以这样:
二. POST请求的表单提交方式,代码如下:
三. POST请求的RAW参数传递:
http://www.cnblogs.com/whatlonelytear/articles/4835538.html
HTTP协议的接口测试中,使用到最多的就是GET请求与POST请求,其中POST请求有FORM参数提交请求与RAW请求,下面我将结合HttpClient来实现一下这三种形式:
一.GET请求: GET请求时,参数一般是写在链接上的,代码如下:
public void get(String url){ CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; HttpGet httpGet = null; try { httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build(); httpGet = new HttpGet(url); httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8")); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpGet!=null){ httpGet.releaseConnection(); } if(httpClient!=null){ httpClient.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
如果想把参数不写在链接上,单独的传进去,则可以这样:
public void get(String url, Map<String, String> params){ CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; HttpGet httpGet = null; try { httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build(); String ps = ""; for (String pKey : params.keySet()) { if(!"".equals(ps)){ ps = ps + "&"; } ps = pKey+"="+params.get(pKey); } if(!"".equals(ps)){ url = url + "?" + ps; } httpGet = new HttpGet(url); httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8")); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpGet!=null){ httpGet.releaseConnection(); } if(httpClient!=null){ httpClient.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
二. POST请求的表单提交方式,代码如下:
public void post(String url, Map<String, String> params){ CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; HttpPost httpPost = null; try { httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build(); httpPost = new HttpPost(url); httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig); List<NameValuePair> ps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); for (String pKey : params.keySet()) { ps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(pKey, params.get(pKey))); } httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(ps)); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost); HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8")); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpPost!=null){ httpPost.releaseConnection(); } if(httpClient!=null){ httpClient.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
三. POST请求的RAW参数传递:
public void post(String url, String body){ CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; HttpPost httpPost = null; try { httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build(); httpPost = new HttpPost(url); httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig); httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(body)); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost); HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"utf-8")); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if(httpPost!=null){ httpPost.releaseConnection(); } if(httpClient!=null){ httpClient.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
public class HttpUtil { public static String post_http_request(String url, Map<String, String> params) { URL u = null; HttpURLConnection con = null; // 构建请求参数 StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); if (params != null) { for (Entry<String, String> e : params.entrySet()) { sb.append(e.getKey()); sb.append("="); sb.append(e.getValue()); sb.append("&"); } sb.substring(0, sb.length() - 1); } System.out.println("send_url:" + url); System.out.println("send_data:" + sb.toString()); // 尝试发送请求 try { u = new URL(url); con = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection(); //// POST 只能为大写,严格限制,post会不识别 con.setRequestMethod("POST"); con.setDoOutput(true); con.setDoInput(true); con.setUseCaches(false); con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(con.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"); osw.write(sb.toString()); osw.flush(); osw.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (con != null) { con.disconnect(); } } // 读取返回内容 StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); try { //一定要有返回值,否则无法把请求发送给server端。 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream(), "UTF-8")); String temp; while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) { buffer.append(temp); //buffer.append("\n"); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return buffer.toString(); } }
public static String httpPostForm(String url,List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList) throws IOException { // 创建默认的httpClient实例. DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url); System.out.println("-------------url is----------------"+url); UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity = null; try { uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList, "UTF-8"); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } httppost.setEntity(uefEntity); // System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getURI()); HttpResponse response = null; try { response = client.execute(httppost); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } String tmp; HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); tmp=EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"); client.getConnectionManager().shutdown(); return tmp; }
List<NameValuePair> formParams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); formParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key","value"));
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