angular $http 官方实例说明

General usage

The 

$http

 service is a function
which takes a single argument — a configuration object — that is used to generate an HTTP request and
returns a promise.

// Simple GET request example:
$http({
method: 'GET',
url: '/someUrl'
}).then(function successCallback(response) {
// this callback will be called asynchronously
// when the response is available
}, function errorCallback(response) {
// called asynchronously if an error occurs
// or server returns response with an error status.
});

The response object has these properties:
data – 

{string|Object}

 –
The response body transformed with the transform functions.
status – 

{number}

 –
HTTP status code of the response.
headers – 

{function([headerName])}

 –
Header getter function.
config – 

{Object}

 –
The configuration object that was used to generate the request.
statusText – 

{string}

 –
HTTP status text of the response.

A response status code between 200 and 299 is considered a success status and will result in the success callback being called. Any response status code outside of that range is considered an error status and will result in the error callback being called.
Also, status codes less than -1 are normalized to zero. -1 usually means the request was aborted, e.g. using a 

config.timeout

.
Note that if the response is a redirect, XMLHttpRequest will transparently follow it, meaning that the outcome (success or error) will be determined by the final response status code.

Shortcut methods

Shortcut methods are also available. All shortcut methods require passing in the URL, and request data must be passed in for POST/PUT requests. An optional config can be passed as the last argument.

$http.get('/someUrl', config).then(successCallback, errorCallback);
$http.post('/someUrl', data, config).then(successCallback, errorCallback);

Complete list of shortcut methods:
$http.get
$http.head
$http.post
$http.put
$http.delete
$http.jsonp
$http.patch
原文地址：https://docs.angularjs.org/api/ng/service/$http