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Redis + Keepalived实现Redis的HA:

2016-06-22 11:41 603 查看
Redis + Keepalived实现Redis的HA:

环境介绍:

OS:CentOS 6.5

192.168.1.41 redis1 master

192.168.1.42 redis2 slave

VIP: 192.168.1.40

设计思路:

当 Master 与 Slave 均运作正常时, Master负责服务,Slave负责Standby;

当 Master 挂掉,Slave 正常时, Slave接管服务,同时关闭主从复制功能;

当 Master 恢复正常,则从Slave同步数据,同步数据之后关闭主从复制功能,

恢复Master身份,于此同时Slave等待Master同步数据完成之后,恢复Slave身份。

然后依次循环。

需要注意的是,这样做需要在Master与Slave上都开启本地化策略,否则在互相自动切换的过程中,

未开启本地化的一方会将另一方的数据清空,造成数据完全丢失.

1:在Master和Slave上安装、启动Redis

[root@redis1 ~]# cd /opt

[root@redis1 ~]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.8.12.tar.gz
[root@redis1 ~]# tar -zxvf redis-2.8.12.tar.gz

[root@redis1 ~]# cd redis-2.8.12

[root@redis1 ~]# make

如有编译报错,可以加上参数编译 make CFLAGS="-march=i686"

启动并运行redis:

[root@redis1 ~]# /opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-server &

[1] 1946

[root@redis1 ~]# [1946] 21 Jun 09:14:12.312 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use /opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-server /path/to/redis.conf

[1946] 21 Jun 09:14:12.313 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).

_._

_.-``__ ''-._

_.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis 2.8.12 (00000000/0) 64 bit

.-`` .-```. ```\/ _.,_ ''-._

( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in stand alone mode

|`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 6379

| `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 1946

`-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-'

|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|

| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | http://redis.io
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'

|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|

| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' |

`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'

`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'

`-._ _.-'

`-.__.-'

[1946] 21 Jun 09:14:12.318 # Server started, Redis version 2.8.12

[1946] 21 Jun 09:14:12.318 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1'
for this to take effect.

[1946] 21 Jun 09:14:12.318 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port 6379

打开另外一个终端运行redis客户端:

[root@redis1 ~]# /opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli

127.0.0.1:6379> set name zhang

OK

127.0.0.1:6379> get name

"zhang"

2:安装配置keepalived

在master、slave安装keepalived:

[root@redis1 ~]# yum -y install keepalived

在Master上创建如下配置文件:

[root@redis1 ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

vrrp_script chk_redis {

script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh" ###监控脚本

interval 2 ###监控时间

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER ###设置为MASTER

interface eth1 ###监控网卡

virtual_router_id 51

priority 101 ###权重值

authentication {

auth_type PASS ###加密

auth_pass redis ###密码

}

track_script {

chk_redis ###执行上面定义的chk_redis

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.1.40 ###VIP

}

notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh

notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh

notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh

notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh

}

在Slave上创建如下配置文件:

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

vrrp_script chk_redis {

script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh" ###监控脚本

interval 2 ###监控时间

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP ###设置为BACKUP

interface eth1 ###监控网卡

virtual_router_id 51

priority 100 ###比MASTRE权重值低

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass redis ###密码与MASTRE相同

}

track_script {

chk_redis ###执行上面定义的chk_redis

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.1.40 ###VIP

}

notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh

notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh

notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh

notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh

}

在Master和Slave上创建监控Redis的脚本:

mkdir /etc/keepalived/scripts

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh

#!/bin/bash

ALIVE=`/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli ping`

if [ "$ALIVE" == "PONG" ]; then

echo $ALIVE

exit 0

else

echo $ALIVE

exit 1

fi

编写以下负责运作的关键脚本:

notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh

notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh

notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh

notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh

因为Keepalived在转换状态时会依照状态来呼叫:

当进入Master状态时会呼叫notify_master

当进入Backup状态时会呼叫notify_backup

当发现异常情况时进入Fault状态呼叫notify_fault

当Keepalived程序终止时则呼叫notify_stop

首先,在Redis Master上创建notity_master与notify_backup脚本:

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh

#!/bin/bash

REDISCLI="/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli"

LOGFILE="/opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"

echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE

$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.1.42 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态

echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE

$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh

#!/bin/bash

REDISCLI="/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli"

LOGFILE="/opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"

echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

sleep 15 #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色

echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE

$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.1.42 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

接着,在Redis Slave上创建notity_master与notify_backup脚本:

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh

#!/bin/bash

REDISCLI="/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli"

LOGFILE="/opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"

echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE

$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.1.41 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态

echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE

$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh

#!/bin/bash

REDISCLI="/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli"

LOGFILE="/opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"

echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

sleep 15 #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色

echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE

$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.1.41 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

然后在Master与Slave创建如下相同的脚本:

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh

#!/bin/bash

LOGFILE=/opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log

echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

vi /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh

#!/bin/bash

LOGFILE=/opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log

echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

给脚本都加上可执行权限:

chmod +x /etc/keepalived/scripts/*.sh

1.启动Master上的Redis

[root@redis1 log]# /opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-server &

2.启动Slave上的Redis

[root@redis2 log]# /opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-server &

3.启动Master上的Keepalived

[root@redis1 log]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

4.启动Slave上的Keepalived

[root@redis2 log]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

5.尝试通过VIP连接Redis:

/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.40 INFO

连接成功,Slave也连接上来了。

# Replication

role:master

connected_slaves:1

slave0:ip=192.168.1.42,port=6379,state=online,offset=156,lag=1

6.尝试插入一些数据:

/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.40 SET Hello Redis

OK

从VIP读取数据

/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.40 GET Hello

"Redis"

从Master读取数据

/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.41 GET Hello

"Redis"

从Slave读取数据

/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.42 GET Hello

"Redis"

下面,模拟故障产生:

将Master上的Redis进程杀死:

killall -9 redis-server

查看Master上的Keepalived日志

tail f /opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log

[fault]

Thu Sep 27 08:29:01 CST 2012

同时Slave上的日志显示:

tail -80 /opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log

[master]

Fri Sep 28 14:14:09 CST 2012

Being master....

Run SLAVEOF cmd ...

OK

Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ...

OK

然后可以发现,Slave已经接管服务,并且担任Master的角色了。

/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.40 INFO

/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.42 INFO

role:master

然后恢复Master的Redis进程

/opt/redis-2.8.12/src/redis-server &

查看Master上的Keepalived日志

tail -80 /opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log

[master]

Thu Sep 27 08:31:33 CST 2012

Being master....

Run SLAVEOF cmd ...

OK

Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ...

OK

同时Slave上的日志显示:

tail -80 /opt/redis-2.8.12/log/keepalived-redis-state.log

[backup]

Fri Sep 28 14:16:37 CST 2012

Being slave....

Run SLAVEOF cmd ...

OK

可以发现目前的Master已经再次恢复了Master的角色,故障切换以及自动恢复都成功了。

参考文档:
http://blog.csdn.net/huwei2003/article/details/41894197
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