使用FPM自定义打包

1.安装FPMyum -y install ruby-devel gcc make ruby rubygemsgem install fpm注意,如果安装fpm的过程中报ruby版本错误，那么需要重新安装ruby版本和对应的依赖软件。相当麻烦。CentOS6默认的ruby版本是1.8.7，fpm需要1.9.3以上版本

#curl -sSL https://rvm.io/mpapis.asc | gpg --import -

#curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
# source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh
# rvm reload
# rvm requirements run
# rvm install 2.3.0
# ruby --version
ruby 2.3.0p0 (2015-12-25 revision 53290) [x86_64-linux]

如果觉得解决ruby的各种依赖关系麻烦，可以使用Docker来部署fpm准备Dockerfile

#
# FPM Dockerfile
#

# Pull base image.
FROM docker.io/ruby

# Install FPM.
RUN gem install fpm

# Define working directory.
WORKDIR /data

# Define default command.
CMD ["bash"]

docker build -t fpm .

docker run -it --rm fpm fpm --help 查看帮助2.FPM使用

fpm -s <source type> -t <target type> [list of sources]...

-s 表示制作包的来源，可以是dir目录，也可以是rpm包，或者deb包等等，通常我们会用dir目录自定义编译-t 表示制作包的类型，可以是rpm包或者deb包等等-d 指定依赖包名称，如 -d "libevent"--force 如果生成的包已经存在，则强制覆盖-C 指定源文件目录--verbose 详细模式--category 指定软件包的类别，例如 Applications/Databases--license 指定license名称，例如GPL--rpm-summary 指定rpm包的summary--description 指定描述信息--url 指定软件的url信息--iteration 指定迭代版本号，rpm包就做release--after-install 包安装完后需要执行的脚本--before-install 包安装之前需要执行的脚本--after-remove 包删除之后需要执行的脚本--before-remove 包删除之前需要执行的脚本Sources:gem (even autodownloaded for you)python modules (autodownload for you)pear (also downloads for you)directoriestar(.gz) archivesrpmdebnode packages (npm)pacman (ArchLinux) packagesTargets:debrpmsolaristardirectoriesMac OS X

.pkg

files (

osxpkg

)pacman (ArchLinux) packages以安装memcached为例

yum -y install libstdc++ libevent libevent-devel
wget http://memcached.googlecode.com/files/mem cached-1.4.7.tar.gz
tar zxvf memcached-1.4.7.tar.gz
cd memcached-1.4.7
./configure --prefix=/opt/app/memcached  --wit
h-libevent=/usr/lib64/
make
make install DESTDIR=~/john/tmp/installdir/

先按照正常的编译安装步骤将源码包安装在一个临时目录，等下再从这个临时目录制作rpm包

fpm -s dir -t rpm -n memcached -v 1.4.7 -C ~/john/tmp/installdir -d "libevent" -d "libevent-devel" -d "libstdc++"  --force

或者可以指定依赖包的最低版本

# fpm -s dir -t rpm -n memcached -v 1.4.7 -C ~/john/tmp/installdir -d "libevent >= 1.4.3" -d "libevent-devel >= 1.4.3" -d "libstdc++ >= 4.4.5"  --force

这样就简单制作了一个memcached的rpm包然后找一台没有安装过memcached的机子测试

# rpm -ivh memcached-1.4.7-1.x86_64.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
libevent is needed by memcached-1.4.7-1.x86_64
libevent-devel is needed by memcached-1.4.7-1.x86_64

安装好libevent和libevent-devel再测试下

# rpm -ivh memcached-1.4.7-1.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:memcached              ########################################### [100%]

# /opt/app/memcached/bin/memcached -h
memcached 1.4.7
-p <num>      TCP port number to listen on (default: 11211)
-U <num>      UDP port number to listen on (default: 11211, 0 is off)
-s <file>     UNIX socket path to listen on (disables network support)
-a <mask>     access mask for UNIX socket, in octal (default: 0700)
-l <addr>     interface to listen on (default: INADDR_ANY, all addresses)
<addr> may be specified as host:port. If you don't specify
a port number, the value you specified with -p or -U is
used. You may specify multiple addresses separated by comma
or by using -l multiple times
-d            run as a daemon

...............................

rpm安装后是可以正常工作的以上只是简单地制作了一个RPM包，但是要投入使用的话还需要增加一些步骤，比如安装rpm包的时候需要创建用户，添加日志轮转，添加启动脚本，删除rpm包的时候需要删除用户，删除安装目录等制作rpm或者deb包等是有技巧的，比如要制作memcached的rpm包，可以先用yum -y install memcached安装完memcached然后再通过rpm命令查看这个rpm包的各种信息，然后再根据自己的需求从新用源码包制作rpm包如果rpm还没有安装：可以使用rpm -qpi 查看rpm包的信息可以使用rpm -qpl 查看rpm包的文件可以使用rpm -qp --scripts 查看rpm包的脚本信息可以使用rpm -qpR 查看软件包依赖关系如果rpm包已经安装了：

# yum -y install memcached
# rpm -qa|grep memcached
# rpm -qi memcached-1.4.4-3.el6.x86_64
# rpm -ql memcached-1.4.4-3.el6.x86_64
# rpm -q --scripts memcached-1.4.4-3.el6.x86_64

preinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
getent group memcached >/dev/null || groupadd -r memcached
getent passwd memcached >/dev/null || \
useradd -r -g memcached -d /var/run/memcached \
-s /sbin/nologin -c "Memcached daemon" memcached
exit 0
postinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
/sbin/chkconfig --add memcached
preuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
if [ "$1" = 0 ] ; then
/sbin/service memcached stop > /dev/null 2>&1
/sbin/chkconfig --del memcached
fi
exit 0
postuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):
if [ "$1" -ge 1 ]; then
/sbin/service memcached condrestart > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
exit 0

再重新制作下memcached的rpm包

# cd ~/john/tmp/installdir
# rsync -R /etc/rc.d/init.d/memcached .
# rsync -R /etc/sysconfig/memcached .
# mkdir  -p var/run/memcached/

相关的启动文件自己进行修改，例如memcached的安装目录等再为安装包添加相关脚本

# cd ~/john/tmp
# touch beforeinstall.sh
# touch afterinstall.sh
# touch beforeremove.sh
# touch afterremove.sh

#!/bin/bash
#beforeinstall.sh
getent group memcached >/dev/null || groupadd -r memcached
getent passwd memcached >/dev/null || \
useradd -r -g memcached -d /var/run/memcached \
-s /sbin/nologin -c "Memcached daemon" memcached
exit 0

#!/bin/bash
#afterinstall.sh
/sbin/chkconfig --add memcached
sed -i '/^MANPATH \/opt\/app\/memcached\/share\/man/d' /etc/man.config
sed -i '$a MANPATH /opt/app/memcached/share/man' /etc/man.config

#!/bin/bash
#beforeremove.sh
if [ "$1" = 0 ] ; then
/sbin/service memcached stop > /dev/null 2>&1
/sbin/chkconfig --del memcached
fi
exit 0

#!/bin/bash#afterremove.shif [ "$1" -ge 1 ]; then/sbin/service memcached condrestart > /dev/null 2>&1fiexit 0

重新使用fpm打包# fpm -s dir -t rpm -n memcached --epoch 0 -v 1.4.7 --iteration 0 -d "libevent >= 1.4.3" -d "libevent-devel >= 1.4.3" -d "libstdc++ >= 4.4.5" --force --category "Applications/Databases" --license "GPL" --description 'Memcached is an open-source cache software. It is high performance and widely used by throunds of companies' --rpm-summary="Memcached cache" -a "x86_64" --url "http://www.memcached.org/" -C ~/john/tmp/installdir/ --before-install ~/john/tmp/beforeinstall.sh --after-install ~/john/tmp/afterinstall.sh --before-remove ~/john/tmp/beforeremove.sh --after-remove ~/john/tmp/afterremove.sh 生成一个rpm包memcached-1.4.7-0.x86_64.rpm再到另外一台服务器上测试能否正常安装和使用

# yum -y install libevent libevent-devel# rpm -ivh memcached-1.4.7-0.x86_64.rpm# rpm -qa|grep memcached# rpm -qi memcached-1.4.7-0.x86_64# rpm -ql memcached-1.4.7-0.x86_64# man memcached

编译安装的man手册导入时修改/etc/man.conf文件然后根据安装后的路径指定MANPATH即可OK，整个如何使用fpm用源码包制作rpm包的教程结束参考文档：https://github.com/jordansissel/fpmhttp://dockerfile.github.io/http://dockerfile.github.io/#/fpmhttps://rvm.io/http://tecadmin.net/install-ruby-2-2-on-centos-rhel/#http://www.ducea.com/2011/08/31/build-your-own-packages-easily-with-fpm/本文出自 “Linux SA John” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://john88wang.blog.51cto.com/2165294/1787783