Net 下采用GET/POST/SOAP方式动态调用WebService C#实现


一直以来，我们都为动态调用WebService方法而烦恼。在.Net环境下，最常用的方法就是采用代理类来调用WebService，可以通过改变代理类的Url属性来实现动态调用，但当xmlns改变时就会出错，似乎要重新绑定Webservice并重新编译后才能再次运行。我无意中通过百度搜索找了一个采用GET/POST/SOAP方式动态调用WebService的简易灵活方法，只需传入WebService地址、需调用的方法及其参数，就可以随时动态调用了。经过测试调用成功，现分享给大家，代码如下：

using System;

using System.Web;

using System.Xml;

using System.Collections;

using System.Net;

using System.Text;

using System.IO;

using System.Xml.Serialization;

//By huangz 2008-3-19

/**//// <summary>

///  利用WebRequest/WebResponse进行WebService调用的类,By 同济黄正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19

/// </summary>

public class WebSvcCaller

{

    //<webServices>

    //  <protocols>

    //    <add name="HttpGet"/>

    //    <add name="HttpPost"/>

    //  </protocols>

    //</webServices>

    private static Hashtable _xmlNamespaces = new Hashtable();//缓存xmlNamespace，避免重复调用GetNamespace

    /**//// <summary>

    /// 需要WebService支持Post调用

    /// </summary>

    public static XmlDocument QueryPostWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)

    {

        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName);

        request.Method = "POST";

        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

        SetWebRequest(request);

        byte[] data = EncodePars(Pars);

        WriteRequestData(request , data);

        return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());

    }

    /**//// <summary>

    /// 需要WebService支持Get调用

    /// </summary>

    public static XmlDocument QueryGetWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)

    {

        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName + "?" + ParsToString(Pars));

        request.Method = "GET";

        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

        SetWebRequest(request);

        return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());

    }

    /**//// <summary>

    /// 通用WebService调用(Soap),参数Pars为String类型的参数名、参数值

    /// </summary>

    public static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)

    {

        if (_xmlNamespaces.ContainsKey(URL))

        {

            return QuerySoapWebService(URL , MethodName , Pars , _xmlNamespaces
        request.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";

        request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction" , "\"" + XmlNs + (XmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + MethodName + "\"");

        SetWebRequest(request);

        byte[] data = EncodeParsToSoap(Pars , XmlNs , MethodName);

        WriteRequestData(request , data);

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument() , doc2 = new XmlDocument();

        doc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());

        XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(doc.NameTable);

        mgr.AddNamespace("soap" , "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");

        String RetXml = doc.SelectSingleNode("//soap:Body/*/*" , mgr).InnerXml;

        doc2.LoadXml("<root>" + RetXml + "</root>");

        AddDelaration(doc2);

        return doc2;

    }

    private static string GetNamespace(String URL)

    {

        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL + "?WSDL");

        SetWebRequest(request);

        WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();

        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd());

        sr.Close();

        return doc.SelectSingleNode("//@targetNamespace").Value;

    }

    private static byte[] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable Pars , String XmlNs , String MethodName)

    {

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"></soap:Envelope>");

        AddDelaration(doc);

        XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement("soap" , "Body" , "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");

        XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(MethodName);

        soapMethod.SetAttribute("xmlns" , XmlNs);

        foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)

        {

            XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(k);

            soapPar.InnerXml  = ObjectToSoapXml(Pars[k]);

            soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar);

        }

        soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod);

        doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody);

        return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml);

    }

    private static string ObjectToSoapXml(object o)

    {

        XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());

        MemoryStream ms=new MemoryStream();

        mySerializer.Serialize(ms,o);

        XmlDocument doc=new XmlDocument();

        doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));

        if(doc.DocumentElement !=null)

        {

            return  doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml ;

        }

        else

        {

            return o.ToString();

        }

    }

    private static void SetWebRequest(HttpWebRequest request)

    {

        request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;

        request.Timeout = 10000;

    }

    private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request , byte[] data)

    {

        request.ContentLength = data.Length;

        Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream();

        writer.Write(data , 0 , data.Length);

        writer.Close();

    }

    private static byte[] EncodePars(Hashtable Pars)

    {

        return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ParsToString(Pars));

    }

    private static String ParsToString(Hashtable Pars)

    {

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)

        {

            if (sb.Length > 0)

            {

                sb.Append("&");

            }

            sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(k) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Pars[k].ToString()));

        }

        return sb.ToString();

    }

    private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response)

    {

        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);

        String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd();

        sr.Close();

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.LoadXml(retXml);

        return doc;

    }

    private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc)

    {

        XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0" , "utf-8" , null);

        doc.InsertBefore(decl , doc.DocumentElement);

    }

}

这个类有三个公用的方法：QuerySoapWebService为通用的采用Soap方式调用WebService，QueryGetWebService采用GET方式调用，QueryPostWebService采用POST方式调用，后两个方法需要WebService服务器支持相应的调用方式。三个方法的参数和返回值相同：URL为Webservice的Url地址(以.asmx结尾的)；MethodName为要调用的方法名称；Pars为参数表，它的Key为参数名称，Value为要传递的参数的值,Value可为任意对象，前提是这个对象可以被xml序列化。注意方法名称、参数名称、参数个数必须完全匹配才能正确调用。第一次以Soap方式调用时，因为需要查询WSDL获取xmlns，因此需要时间相对长些，第二次调用不用再读WSDL，直接从缓存读取。这三个方法的返回值均为XmlDocument对象，这个返回的对象可以进行各种灵活的操作。最常用的一个SelectSingleNode方法，可以让你一步定位到Xml的任何节点，再读取它的文本或属性。也可以直接调用Save保存到磁盘。采用Soap方式调用时，根结点名称固定为root。

这个类主要是利用了WebRequest/WebResponse来完成各种网络查询操作。为了精简明了，这个类中没有添加错误处理，需要在调用的地方设置异常捕获。

下面是一个调用实例：

    protected void Page_Load(object sender , EventArgs e)

    {

        try

        {

            Hashtable pars = new Hashtable();

            String Url = "http://www.260dns.cn/Services/Weather.asmx";

            pars["city"] = "上海";

            pars["wdate"]="2008-3-19";

            XmlDocument doc = WebSvcCaller.QuerySoapWebService(Url , "GetWeather" , pars);

            Response.Write(doc.OuterXml);

        }

        catch (Exception ex)

        {

            Response.Write(ex.Message);

        }

    }

转自：[url=http://www.cnblogs.com/splendidme/archive/2011/10/05/2199501.html]http://www.cnblogs.com/splendidme/archive/2011/10/05/2199501.html" target=_blank>.ToString());

        }

        else

        {

            return QuerySoapWebService(URL , MethodName , Pars ,GetNamespace(URL));

        }

    }

    private static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars , string XmlNs)

    {    //By 同济黄正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19

        _xmlNamespaces[URL] = XmlNs;//加入缓存，提高效率

        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);

        request.Method = "POST";

        request.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";

        request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction" , "\"" + XmlNs + (XmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + MethodName + "\"");

        SetWebRequest(request);

        byte[] data = EncodeParsToSoap(Pars , XmlNs , MethodName);

        WriteRequestData(request , data);

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument() , doc2 = new XmlDocument();

        doc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());

        XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(doc.NameTable);

        mgr.AddNamespace("soap" , "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");

        String RetXml = doc.SelectSingleNode("//soap:Body/*/*" , mgr).InnerXml;

        doc2.LoadXml("<root>" + RetXml + "</root>");

        AddDelaration(doc2);

        return doc2;

    }

    private static string GetNamespace(String URL)

    {

        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL + "?WSDL");

        SetWebRequest(request);

        WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();

        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd());

        sr.Close();

        return doc.SelectSingleNode("//@targetNamespace").Value;

    }

    private static byte[] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable Pars , String XmlNs , String MethodName)

    {

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"></soap:Envelope>");

        AddDelaration(doc);

        XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement("soap" , "Body" , "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");

        XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(MethodName);

        soapMethod.SetAttribute("xmlns" , XmlNs);

        foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)

        {

            XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(k);

            soapPar.InnerXml  = ObjectToSoapXml(Pars[k]);

            soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar);

        }

        soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod);

        doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody);

        return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml);

    }

    private static string ObjectToSoapXml(object o)

    {

        XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());

        MemoryStream ms=new MemoryStream();

        mySerializer.Serialize(ms,o);

        XmlDocument doc=new XmlDocument();

        doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));

        if(doc.DocumentElement !=null)

        {

            return  doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml ;

        }

        else

        {

            return o.ToString();

        }

    }

    private static void SetWebRequest(HttpWebRequest request)

    {

        request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;

        request.Timeout = 10000;

    }

    private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request , byte[] data)

    {

        request.ContentLength = data.Length;

        Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream();

        writer.Write(data , 0 , data.Length);

        writer.Close();

    }

    private static byte[] EncodePars(Hashtable Pars)

    {

        return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ParsToString(Pars));

    }

    private static String ParsToString(Hashtable Pars)

    {

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)

        {

            if (sb.Length > 0)

            {

                sb.Append("&");

            }

            sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(k) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Pars[k].ToString()));

        }

        return sb.ToString();

    }

    private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response)

    {

        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);

        String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd();

        sr.Close();

        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();

        doc.LoadXml(retXml);

        return doc;

    }

    private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc)

    {

        XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0" , "utf-8" , null);

        doc.InsertBefore(decl , doc.DocumentElement);

    }

}

这个类有三个公用的方法：QuerySoapWebService为通用的采用Soap方式调用WebService，QueryGetWebService采用GET方式调用，QueryPostWebService采用POST方式调用，后两个方法需要WebService服务器支持相应的调用方式。三个方法的参数和返回值相同：URL为Webservice的Url地址(以.asmx结尾的)；MethodName为要调用的方法名称；Pars为参数表，它的Key为参数名称，Value为要传递的参数的值,Value可为任意对象，前提是这个对象可以被xml序列化。注意方法名称、参数名称、参数个数必须完全匹配才能正确调用。第一次以Soap方式调用时，因为需要查询WSDL获取xmlns，因此需要时间相对长些，第二次调用不用再读WSDL，直接从缓存读取。这三个方法的返回值均为XmlDocument对象，这个返回的对象可以进行各种灵活的操作。最常用的一个SelectSingleNode方法，可以让你一步定位到Xml的任何节点，再读取它的文本或属性。也可以直接调用Save保存到磁盘。采用Soap方式调用时，根结点名称固定为root。

这个类主要是利用了WebRequest/WebResponse来完成各种网络查询操作。为了精简明了，这个类中没有添加错误处理，需要在调用的地方设置异常捕获。

下面是一个调用实例：

    protected void Page_Load(object sender , EventArgs e)

    {

        try

        {

            Hashtable pars = new Hashtable();

            String Url = "http://www.260dns.cn/Services/Weather.asmx";

            pars["city"] = "上海";

            pars["wdate"]="2008-3-19";

            XmlDocument doc = WebSvcCaller.QuerySoapWebService(Url , "GetWeather" , pars);

            Response.Write(doc.OuterXml);

        }

        catch (Exception ex)

        {

            Response.Write(ex.Message);

        }

    }

转自：[url=http://www.cnblogs.com/splendidme/archive/2011/10/05/2199501.html]http://www.cnblogs.com/splendidme/archive/2011/10/05/2199501.html