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Java获取路径方式

2016-05-28 21:15 447 查看
示例:

package com.learn;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class GetPath {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// 方式一
System.out.println("System.getProperty('user.dir')路径: "
+ System.getProperty("user.dir"));

// 方式二
System.out.println("System.getProperty('java.class.path')路径: "
+ System.getProperty("java.class.path"));

// 方式三
File f = new File("");
System.out.println("File.getAbsolutePath路径:" + f.getAbsolutePath());
System.out.println("File.getPath路径:" + f.getPath());
// 需抛出IOException
System.out.println("File.getCanonicalPath路径:" + f.getCanonicalPath());

// 方式四
System.out.println("class.getResource('').getPath()路径:"
+ GetPath.class.getResource("").getPath());
System.out.println("class.getResource('/').getPath()路径:"
+ GetPath.class.getResource("/").getPath());

// 方式五
System.out.println("class.getClassLoader().getResource('').getPath()路径:"
+ GetPath.class.getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath());

}
}


项目地址:E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn

文件地址:E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn\bin\com\Learn\GetPath.class

结果:
System.getProperty('user.dir')路径: E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn
System.getProperty('java.class.path')路径: E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn\bin
File.getAbsolutePath路径:E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn
File.getPath路径:
File.getCanonicalPath路径:E:\EclipseWorkspace\Learn
class.getResource('').getPath()路径:/E:/EclipseWorkspace/Learn/bin/com/learn/
class.getResource('/').getPath()路径:/E:/EclipseWorkspace/Learn/bin/
class.getClassLoader().getResource('').getPath()路径:/E:/EclipseWorkspace/Learn/bin/


方法解析:

一、利用System.getProperty()函数获取路径:

System.getProperty("user.dir") ;

System.getProperty("java.class.path");

System.getProperty()参数大全

# java.version Java Runtime Environment version

# java.vendor Java Runtime Environment vendor

# java.vendor.url Java vendor URL

# java.home Java installation directory

# java.vm.specification.version Java Virtual Machine specification version

# java.vm.specification.vendor Java Virtual Machine specification vendor

# java.vm.specification.name Java Virtual Machine specification name

# java.vm.version Java Virtual Machine implementation version

# java.vm.vendor Java Virtual Machine implementation vendor

# java.vm.name Java Virtual Machine implementation name

# java.specification.version Java Runtime Environment specification version

# java.specification.vendor Java Runtime Environment specification vendor

# java.specification.name Java Runtime Environment specification name

# java.class.version Java class format version number

# java.class.path Java class path

# java.library.path List of paths to search when loading libraries

# java.io.tmpdir Default temp file path

# java.compiler Name of JIT compiler to use

# java.ext.dirs Path of extension directory or directories

# os.name Operating system name

# os.arch Operating system architecture

# os.version Operating system version

# file.separator File separator ("/" on UNIX)

# path.separator Path separator (":" on UNIX)

# line.separator Line separator ("/n" on UNIX)

# user.name User’s account name

# user.home User’s home directory

# user.dir User’s current working directory

二、使用File提供的函数获取当前路径:

File directory = new File("");//设定为当前文件夹

try{

System.out.println(directory.getCanonicalPath());//获取标准的路径

System.out.println(directory.getAbsolutePath());//获取绝对路径

}catch(Exceptin e){}

File.getCanonicalPath()和File.getAbsolutePath()大约只是对于new File(".")和new File("..")两种路径有所区别。

# 对于getCanonicalPath()函数,“."就表示当前的文件夹,而”..“则表示当前文件夹的上一级文件夹

# 对于getAbsolutePath()函数,则不管”.”、“..”,返回当前的路径加上你在new File()时设定的路径

# 至于getPath()函数,得到的只是你在new File()时设定的路径

比如当前的路径为 C:/test :

File directory = new File("abc");

directory.getCanonicalPath(); //得到的是C:/test/abc

directory.getAbsolutePath(); //得到的是C:/test/abc

direcotry.getPath(); //得到的是abc

File directory = new File(".");

directory.getCanonicalPath(); //得到的是C:/test

directory.getAbsolutePath(); //得到的是C:/test/.

direcotry.getPath(); //得到的是.

File directory = new File("..");

directory.getCanonicalPath(); //得到的是C:/

directory.getAbsolutePath(); //得到的是C:/test/..

direcotry.getPath(); //得到的是..

参考文章:

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