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Springmvc构造RESTful详细讲解

2016-05-27 17:32 369 查看
Rest介绍

/blog/1 HTTP GET =>  得到id = 1的blog
/blog/1 HTTP DELETE => 删除 id = 1的blog
/blog/1 HTTP PUT =>  更新id = 1的blog
/blog   HTTP POST =>  新增BLOG

以下详细解一下spring rest使用.

首先,我们带着如下两个问题查看本文。

1.如何在java构造没有扩展名的RESTful url,如 /forms/1,而不是 /forms/1.do

2.浏览器的form标签不支持提交delete,put请求,如何曲线解决

springmvc rest 实现

springmvc的resturl是通过@RequestMapping 及@PathVariable annotation提供的,
通过如@RequestMapping(value="/blog /{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)即可处理/blog/1 的delete请求.

1@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
2@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{blogId}/message/{msgId}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
2<!-- 该servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录,如原来访问 http://localhost/foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
2  <servlet-mapping>
3  <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
4  <url-pattern>/static/*</url-pattern>
5  </servlet-mapping>
6  <servlet>
7    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
8    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
9    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
10  </servlet>
11
12  <!-- URL重写filter,用于将访问静态资源http://localhost/foo.css 转为http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
13  <filter>
14  <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
15  <filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class>
16  <init-param>
17     <param-name>confReloadCheckInterval</param-name>
18     <param-value>60</param-value>
19    </init-param>
20  <init-param>
21        <param-name>logLevel</param-name>
22        <param-value>DEBUG</param-value>
23      </init-param>
24  </filter>
25  <filter-mapping>
26  <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
27  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
28  </filter-mapping>
29
30  <!-- 覆盖default servlet的/, springmvc servlet将处理原来处理静态资源的映射 -->
31  <servlet-mapping>
32    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
33    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
34  </servlet-mapping>
35
36  <!-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method,由该filter将/blog?_method=delete转换为标准的http delete方法 -->
37  <filter>
38  <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
39  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
40  </filter>
41
42  <filter-mapping>
43  <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
44  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
45  </filter-mapping>

2.webapp/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml配置,使用如下两个class激活@RequestMapping annotation

1<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>
2<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>
3

3.Controller编写

1@Controller
6@RequestMapping("/userinfo")
7

1/userinfo  => index()
2  /userinfo/new => _new()
3  /userinfo/{id} => show()
4  /userinfo/{id}/edit  => edit()
5  /userinfo POST => create()
6  /userinfo/{id} PUT => update()
7  /userinfo/{id} DELETE => delete()
8  /userinfo DELETE => batchDelete()
9

注(不使用 /userinfo/add  => add() 方法是由于add这个方法会被maxthon浏览器当做广告链接过滤掉,因为包含ad字符)

4.jsp 编写

1<form:form action="${ctx}/userinfo${userInfo.userId}" method="put">
2</form:form>

生成的html内容如下, 生成一个hidden的_method=put,并于web.xml中的HiddenHttpMethodFilter配合使用,在服务端将post请求改为put请求

1<form id="userInfo" action="/springmvc_rest_demo/userinfo/2" method="post">
2  <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put"/>
3</form>

另外一种方法是你可以使用ajax发送put,delete请求.

5.静态资源的URL重写

如上我们描述,现因为将default servlet映射至/static/的子目录,现我们访问静态资源将会带一个/static/前缀.

如 /foo.gif, 现在访问该文件将是 /static/foo.gif.

那如何避免这个前缀呢,那就是应用URL rewrite,现我们使用 http://tuckey.org/urlrewrite/, 重写规则如下

1<urlrewrite>
2   <!-- 访问jsp及jspx将不rewrite url,其它.js,.css,.gif等将重写,如 /foo.gif => /static/foo.gif -->
3   <rule>
4    <condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jsp</condition>
5    <condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jspx</condition>
6     <from>^(/.*\..*)$</from>
7     <to>/static$1</to>
8   </rule>
9</urlrewrite>
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