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Struts2的使用以及Spring整合Struts2

2016-05-25 17:01 375 查看
一、如何单独使用Struts2

(1)引入struts2的jar包

commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar

freemarker-2.3.15.jar

ognl-2.7.3.jar

struts2-core-2.1.8.jar

xwork-core-2.1.6.jar

(2)在项目的src下引入struts.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">

<struts>

<package name="hello1" extends="struts-default">
<action name="hello" class="org.tarena.action.Hello">
<result>
success.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>

</struts>


(3)在项目的web.xml文件下进行struts2的配置

<!-- struts2核心filter -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>


(4)在项目中编写Action

package org.tarena.action;

public class Hello {

//output
private String name;

public String getName() {
return name;
}

public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}

public String execute(){
name = "陈驰";
return "success";
}
}


(5)写两个jsp,hello.jsp跳转到success.jsp

hello.jsp:

<body>
<a href="/spring004/hello.action">Hello</a>
</body>


success.jsp:

<body>
<p>
${name },你好!!!
</p>
</body>


最终的效果,点击hello,跳转到success.jsp,显示“陈驰,你好!!!”

二、如何用Spring整合Struts2

(1)在刚才的基础上,还需引入新的jar包

struts2-spring-plugin-2.1.8.jar

spring-web-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

commons-logging.jar

spring-beans-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

spring-context-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

spring-core-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

spring-expression-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar

(2)在刚才的基础上,引入Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml,放在src下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">

<bean id="helloBean" class="org.tarena.action.Hello" scope="prototype">
</bean>

</beans>


(3)struts.xml的配置文件中的<action>需要改一下,这里需要注意一个问题,将class属性和Spring容器中的
<bean>元素的id属性保持一致。即原来是利用struts自己去创建一个action,现在是通过整合包
利用class值当作id标识去Spring容器获取Bean对象。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">

<struts>

<package name="hello1" extends="struts-default">
<!-- 利用struts-spring-plugin.jar去spring容器寻找bean对象
寻找的规则:利用class属性当作id值去spring容器中获取 -->
<action name="hello" class="helloBean">
<result>
success.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>

</struts>


(4)最后还要在web.xml中配置一下,添加ContextLoaderListener,在服务器启动时,实例化Spring容器对象。

为什么要实例化Spring容器对象呢?因为原来是创建action,现在是到Spring容器中寻找了,不能找的时候还没实例化,那就找不到了。

 <!-- 指定Spring配置文件位置和名称 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<!-- 在tomcat启动时,实例化Spring容器对象,给struts-spring-plugin.jar使用
就不用写ApplicationContext ac = new ... -->
<!-- listener在tomcat启动时加载 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>

<!-- struts2核心filter --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>


实现的效果,和直接用Struts2一样,说白了,整合之后,就是不让struts2自己创建action了,要在spring容器中找。
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