springMVC(12)------表单标签的使用

spingmvc的form表单标签使用实例。

一，项目结构



二，所需jar包

commons-logging.jar

spring-aop-4.1.8.RELEASE.jar

spring-beans-4.1.8.RELEASE.jar

spring-context-4.1.8.RELEASE.jar

spring-core-4.1.8.RELEASE.jar

spring-expression-4.1.8.RELEASE.jar

spring-web-4.1.8.RELEASE.jar

spring-webmvc-4.1.8.RELEASE.jar

以下两个为jstl标签库所需

standard.jar

jstl.jar

三，web.xml配置springmvc的DispatcherServlet

web.xml中主要进行DispatcherServlet配置和初始化springmvc.xml配置文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4">
<!-- 配置DisptatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet的初始化参数 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- web应用被加载的时候创建servlet -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

四，springmvc.xml配置

配置扫描包文件，视图解析器等等。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd"> <!--  配置自动扫描的包  -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lanhuigu.springmvc"/>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 配置前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
<!-- 配置后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>

<!-- 自定义视图解析器:BeanNameViewResolver使用视图的名字解析视图 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver">
<!--
设置该自定义视图解析器BeanNameViewResolver与 InternalResourceViewResolver视图解析器的优先级值，
InternalResourceViewResolver的order默认值为Integer的最大值，BeanNameViewResolver以下设置
order为100，order值越小，视图解析器的优先级越高。
该配置文件中自定视图解析器BeanNameViewResolver的优先级高于InternalResourceViewResolver，
每次先使用BeanNameViewResolver解析视图，如果实现不了需求，自动调用InternalResourceViewResolver
解析视图。
-->
<property name="order">
<value>100</value>
</property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置直接转发的页面 -->
<mvc:view-controller path="/success" view-name="success"/>
<!-- 解决mvc:view-controller配置后RequestMapping映射地址报404的问题 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

五，实体类User和Address

User.java

package com.lanhuigu.springmvc.entities;

public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer gender;
private Address address;//级联类

public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Integer getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(Integer gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
/**
* 重写toString()方法
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [username=" + username + ", password=" + password + ", gender=" + gender + ", address=" + address
+ "]";
}

}

Address.java

package com.lanhuigu.springmvc.entities;

public class Address {
private Integer id;
private String province;
private String city;

public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getProvince() {
return province;
}
public void setProvince(String province) {
this.province = province;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
}

六，Restful风格action,文件在action包下

该控制类中有三个方法，数据均为模拟：

（1）queryList查询用户列表

（2）editInput初始添加用户的页面

（3）add添加用户的方法，这里没有连接数据库，主要目的是用于查看form表单提交的数据

package com.lanhuigu.springmvc.action;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.lanhuigu.springmvc.entities.Address;
import com.lanhuigu.springmvc.entities.User;

@RequestMapping("/testRestful")
@Controller
public class TestRestfulAction {
/**
* 查询列表数据
* @param map
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/list")
public String queryList(Map<String, Object> map) {
List<User> lists = new ArrayList<User>();
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("ONE");
user.setPassword("111111");
Address address = new Address();
address.setProvince("aaaaaa");
address.setCity("bbbbbb");

user.setAddress(address);
lists.add(user);

map.put("users", lists);
return "list";
}
/**
* 初始化编辑页面
* @param map
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/input",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String editInput(Map<String, Object> map) {
map.put("user", new User());
return "input";
}

/**
* 添加用户
* @param user
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/addUser",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String add(User user) {
System.out.println(
"username:"+user.getUsername() + "  " +
"password:"+user.getPassword() + "  " +
"gender:"+user.getGender() + "  " +
"province:"+user.getAddress().getProvince() + "  " +
"city:"+user.getAddress().getCity());
return "redirect:/testRestful/list";
}
}

七，list.jsp页面，该页面位于WEB-INF下的views下

该页面为列表展示页面，页面上有个add user添加用户的超链接，用于初始化用户添加页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>spring MVC实例初体验</title>
</head>

<body>
<table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th>username</th>
<th>password</th>
<th>province</th>
<th>city</th>
</tr>

<c:forEach items="${users }" var="user">
<tr>
<td>${user.username }</td>
<td>${user.password }</td>
<td>${user.address.province }</td>
<td>${user.address.city }</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<div><a href="input">ADD USER</a></div>
 </body>
</html>

input.jsp初始化编辑页面，位于views下，位置同list.jsp,内容如下：

添加用户的页面，该页面的map代码在实际中均可通过数据库查询封装，或模型数据定义等实现，这里直接通过Java代码在jsp页面完成。

该页通过post方式提交到addUser这个action地址，modelAttribute为表单属性，它会自动的绑定来自Model中的一个属性值到当前form对应的实体对象，

默认是command属性，找不到command时会报错，我们手动封装一个空的user替代。spring表单提交方式除了get,post外还有delete,put等。

<%@page import="com.lanhuigu.springmvc.entities.Address"%>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>spring MVC实例初体验</title>
</head>

<body>
<!--
action属性的addUser为表单提交路径,method的post为提交方式 ,
modelAttribute为实体类，默认为command，如果找不到command会报错，
这里手动修改为user，表单初始化的方法中设置map.put("user", new User());
-->
<form:form action="addUser" method="POST" modelAttribute="user">
<!-- path属性对应html表单标签的name属性 -->
USERNAME:<form:input path="username" maxlength="20"/><br>
PASSWORD:<form:password path="password"/><br>
<%
Map<Integer,String> genders = new HashMap<Integer,String>();
genders.put(1, "男");
genders.put(0, "女");

request.setAttribute("genders", genders);
%>
GENDER:<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders }"/><br>
<%
Map<String,String> provinces = new HashMap<String,String>();
provinces.put("1", "北京");
provinces.put("2", "天津");

request.setAttribute("provinces", provinces);
%>
<!-- path后面的address.province为级联属性 -->
PROVINCE:<form:select path="address.province" items="${provinces }" ></form:select><br>
<%
Map<String,String> cities = new HashMap<String,String>();
cities.put("1", "东城");
cities.put("2", "西城");

request.setAttribute("cities", cities);
%>
CITY:<form:select path="address.city" items="${cities }"></form:select><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

八，访问地址测试

测试逻辑：通过第一地址到用户列表页面，点击add user都添加用户初始化页面，完成页面填写提交表单，

控制台查看或debugger追踪查看提交效果，体验spring的form表单在springmvc中实际应用。
http://localhost:9000/SpringMVC/testRestful/list到列表展示页面：


点击ADD USER到添加用户表单页面：



提交表单，查看控制台，或在input方法下debugger看看user是否获取表单页面提交的值

九，控制台输出结果



十，总结分析

对form表单列了个图：



对于以上这标签的用法类似html中的表单使用，个别标签的属性有区别，不过都是顾名思义。