Python - 网络基础

1. 服务器端 和 客户机端:

socket server:

 

import socket

so = socket.socket()

host = socket.gethostname() #获取本地服务器的名称

port = 8000#设置服务器端口

so.bind( (host, port) ) #绑定主机名和端口号, 类型是元组

so.listen(5) #设置最大的连接请求. 进入监听状态

while True:

    c, addr =
so.accept() #如果成功连接上返回(client,地址), 地址是(host, port), host:
"192.168...之类"

    print 'Got
connection from ', addr

   
c.send("Thank you for connecting") #向客户端发送消息

    print
c.recv(1024) #从客户端接受消息, 再打印

   
c.close()

 

socket client:

import socket

so = socket.socket()

host = "192.168.0.103"#socket.gethostname() #设置服务器

#host = socket.gethostname()

port = 8000#设置服务器的端口号

so.connect( (host, port) ) #连接服务器

so.send("benson") #向服务器发送消息

print so.recv(1024) #接受来自服务器的消息并且打印

 

2. 各种服务器: TCPServer, FORKServer, ThreadServer, SelectServer,
TwistedServer

(每种服务器都有特色)

TCPServer:

from SocketServer import TCPServer, StreamRequestHandler

host = ''

port = 8000

addr = (host,port)

class Handle(StreamRequestHandler):

    def
handle(self):

       
caddr = self.request.getpeername()

       
print 'Got connection from ', caddr

       
self.wfile.write('Thank you for connecting')

server = TCPServer(addr, Handle)

server.serve_forever()

 

forkServer：

from SocketServer import TCPServer, ForkingMixIn,
StreamRequestHandler

host = ''

port = 8000

addr = (host,port)

class Server(ForkingMixIn, TCPServer): pass

class Handle(StreamRequestHandler):

    def
handle(self):

       
caddr = self.request.getpeername()

       
print 'Got connect from ', caddr

       
self.wfile.write('Thank you for connecting')

server = Server(addr, Handle)

server.serve_forever()

 

threadServer:

#! /usr/bin/env python

from SocketServer import TCPServer, ThreadingMixIn,
StreamRequestHandler

host = ''

port =  8000

addr = (host, port)

class Server(ThreadingMixIn, TCPServer): pass

class Handle(StreamRequestHandler):

 def handle(self):

  caddr =
self.request.getpeername()

  print 'Got connection from ',
caddr

  self.wfile.write('Thank you for
connecting!')

  

server = Server(addr, Handle)

server.serve_forever()

 

selectServer：

#! /usr/bin/env python

import socket, select

so = socket.socket()

host = ''#socket.gethostname()

port = 8000

so.bind((host, port))

so.listen(5)

inputs = [so]

while True:

 rs, ws, es = select.select(inputs, [], [])

 for r in rs:

  if r is so:

   c, caddr =
so.accept()

   print 'Got
connection from ', caddr

   inputs.append(c)

  else:

   try:

    data
= r.recv(1024)

    disconnected
= not data

   except
socket.error:

    disconnected
= True

   if
disconnected:

    print
r.getpeername(), 'disconnected'

    inputs.remove(r)

   else:

    print
data

 

twistedServer：

from twisted.internet import reactor

from twisted.internet.protocol import Protocol, Factory

class SimpleLogger(Protocol):

    def
connectionMade(self):

           
print 'Got connection from ', self.transport.client

    def
connectionLost(self, reason):

       
print self.transport.client, 'disconnected'

    def
dataReceived(self, data):

       
print data

           

factory = Factory()

factory.protocol = SimpleLogger

reactor.listenTCP(8000, factory)

reactor.run()

 

下面是一个小实验: (使用多线程的服务器, 客户机循环发送请求)

server：

import SocketServer

from SocketServer import StreamRequestHandler, TCPServer

from time import ctime

host = ''

port = 8000

addr = (host,port)

class Handle(StreamRequestHandler):

    def
handle(self):

       
caddr = self.request.getpeername()

       
print 'got connection from ', caddr

       
self.wfile.write('connection %s:%s at %s succeed!'
%(host,port,ctime()))

       
while True:

           
data = self.request.recv(1024)

           
if not data: break

           
print data

           
self.request.send("Thank you for connecting!")

print 'server is running...'

server = SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer(addr, Handle)

#server = TCPServer(addr, Handle)

server.serve_forever()

 

client：

from socket import *

from time import *

 

host = '192.168.0.103'

port = 8000

addr = (host,port)

client = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

client.connect(addr)

while True:

    sleep(2)
# delay 2 seconds

    data =
"client1" #raw_input("Input something or 'exit' to quit: ")

    if not data
or data == 'exit': break

   
client.send('%s' % data)

    data =
client.recv(1024)

    if not data:
break

    print
data.strip()

client.close()

Ubuntu结果显示: (3个client端, 将data延迟2s发送一次的结果)





在浏览器上 127.0.0.1:端口号 (保留地址, 本地程序测试可用) 也可以发送请求 
(好神奇啊~~挺好玩的~~)