使用maven搭建Java Web的spring MVC项目

系统：Ubuntu

开发工具：eclipse

服务器：Tomcat8.0

JDK：1.8

准备：eclipse需要安装好maven插件，这里就不介绍了，不懂的可以取百度。

搭建流程：

1.打开eclipse，在项目栏空白处右键 --> New --> Other... --> 选择“Maven Project” -->Next；



2.点击“Next” --> 选择“maven archetype-webapp” --> Next；



3.填写相应信息，然后点击“Finish”；



4.新建完项目，修改JDK版本和添加Tomcat服务器，则右键项目 --> Properties --> 选择“Project Facets” --> 将java版本改成相应的版本，我这里改成1.8 --> 点击“Runtimes” --> 在Tomcat前面打钩，选择服务器 --> 点击“Apply” --> OK；



到此，Maven的Java Web项目就建成了。

5.接下来，要对项目搭建spring框架。

首先，打开pom.xml文件，并进行配置，配置如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

              xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.springmvc.test</groupId>

  <artifactId>springmvc</artifactId>

  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>springmvc Maven Webapp</name>

  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <dependencies>

     <!-- junit测试包 -->

    <dependency>

      <groupId>junit</groupId>

      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

      <version>3.8.1</version>

      <scope>test</scope>

    </dependency>

    

    <!-- Spring -->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

        <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

        <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>

        <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>

    </dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

      <!-- 视图解析 -->

      <dependency>

          <groupId>jstl</groupId>

          <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

          <version>1.2</version>

      </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>

    <finalName>springmvc</finalName>

  </build>

</project>

然后，在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下新建springMVC-servlet.xml配置文件，即spring的配置文件；文件的内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:task="http://www.springframewor
4000
k.org/schema/task"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc  http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.test" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>

<!-- 该 BeanPostProcessor 将自动对标注 @Autowired 的 Bean 进行注入 -->     

  <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>  

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/views/</value>
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>
 
</beans>

最后，配置src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下的web.xml文件；配置内容如下：

<web-app id="TuringdiDspBiz" version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee  http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

</web-app>

6.测试。

首先，在src/main/java/com/springmvc/test下建立HelloController.java文件；内容如下：

package com.springmvc.test;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.Model;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

@Controller

public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(@RequestParam(value="name",required=false,defaultValue="world")String name,Model model){
model.addAttribute("name",name);
return "hello";
}

}

然后，在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF下创建views文件，并在该文件下创建hello.jsp文件；内容如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Spring4 MVC -HelloWorld</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello : ${name}</h1>
</body>

</html>

最后，右键项目 --> Run As --> Run on Server --> Finish -->在浏览器地址栏输入“localhost:8080/springmvc/hello?name=user”;



若能出现上图，则表示项目搭建成功！！！