[后端人员耍前端系列]AngularJs篇：使用AngularJs打造一个简易权限系统

一、引言

　　上一篇博文已经向大家介绍了AngularJS核心的一些知识点，在这篇博文将介绍如何把AngularJs应用到实际项目中。本篇博文将使用AngularJS来打造一个简易的权限管理系统。下面不多说，直接进入主题。

二、整体架构设计介绍

　　首先看下整个项目的架构设计图：

public class UserService : BaseService, IUserService
{
private readonly IUserRepository _userRepository;
private readonly IUserRoleRepository _userRoleRepository;
public UserService(IUserRepository userRepository, IUserRoleRepository userRoleRepository)
{
_userRepository = userRepository;
_userRoleRepository = userRoleRepository;
}

public GetResults<UserDto> GetUsers(PageInput input)
{
var result = GetDefault<GetResults<UserDto>>();
var filterExp = BuildExpression(input);
var query = _userRepository.Find(filterExp, user => user.Id, SortOrder.Descending, input.Current, input.Size);
result.Total = _userRepository.Find(filterExp).Count();
result.Data = query.Select(user => new UserDto()
{
Id = user.Id,
CreateTime = user.CreationTime,
Email = user.Email,
State = user.State,
Name = user.Name,
RealName = user.RealName,
Password = "*******",
Roles = user.UserRoles.Take(4).Select(z => new BaseEntityDto()
{
Id = z.Role.Id,
Name = z.Role.RoleName
}).ToList(),

TotalRole = user.UserRoles.Count()
}).ToList();

return result;
}

public UpdateResult UpdateUser(UserDto user)
{
var result = GetDefault<UpdateResult>();
var existUser = _userRepository.FindSingle(u => u.Id == user.Id);
if (existUser == null)
{
result.Message = "USER_NOT_EXIST";
result.StateCode = 0x00303;
return result;
}
if (IsHasSameName(existUser.Name, existUser.Id))
{
result.Message = "USER_NAME_HAS_EXIST";
result.StateCode = 0x00302;
return result;
}

existUser.RealName = user.RealName;
existUser.Name = user.Name;
existUser.State = user.State;
existUser.Email = user.Email;
_userRepository.Update(existUser);
_userRepository.Commit();
result.IsSaved = true;
return result;
}

public CreateResult<int> AddUser(UserDto userDto)
{
var result = GetDefault<CreateResult<int>>();
if (IsHasSameName(userDto.Name, userDto.Id))
{
result.Message = "USER_NAME_HAS_EXIST";
result.StateCode = 0x00302;
return result;
}
var user = new User()
{
CreationTime = DateTime.Now,
Password = "",
Email = userDto.Email,
State = userDto.State,
RealName = userDto.RealName,
Name = userDto.Name
};

_userRepository.Add(user);
_userRepository.Commit();
result.Id = user.Id;
result.IsCreated = true;
return result;
}

public DeleteResult DeleteUser(int userId)
{
var result = GetDefault<DeleteResult>();
var user = _userRepository.FindSingle(x => x.Id == userId);
if (user != null)
{
_userRepository.Delete(user);
_userRepository.Commit();
}
result.IsDeleted = true;
return result;
}

public UpdateResult UpdatePwd(UserDto user)
{
var result = GetDefault<UpdateResult>();
var userEntity =_userRepository.FindSingle(x => x.Id == user.Id);
if (userEntity == null)
{
result.Message = string.Format("当前编辑的用户“{0}”已经不存在", user.Name);
return result;
}
userEntity.Password = user.Password;
_userRepository.Commit();
result.IsSaved = true;
return result;
}

public GetResult<UserDto> GetUser(int userId)
{
var result = GetDefault<GetResult<UserDto>>();
var model = _userRepository.FindSingle(x => x.Id == userId);
if (model == null)
{
result.Message = "USE_NOT_EXIST";
result.StateCode = 0x00402;
return result;
}
result.Data = new UserDto()
{
CreateTime = model.CreationTime,
Email = model.Email,
Id = model.Id,
RealName = model.RealName,
State = model.State,
Name = model.Name,
Password = "*******"
};
return result;
}

public UpdateResult UpdateRoles(UserDto user)
{
var result = GetDefault<UpdateResult>();
var model = _userRepository.FindSingle(x => x.Id == user.Id);
if (model == null)
{
result.Message = "USE_NOT_EXIST";
result.StateCode = 0x00402;
return result;
}

var list = model.UserRoles.ToList();
if (user.Roles != null)
{
foreach (var item in user.Roles)
{
if (!list.Exists(x => x.Role.Id == item.Id))
{
_userRoleRepository.Add(new UserRole { RoleId = item.Id, UserId = model.Id });
}
}

foreach (var item in list)
{
if (!user.Roles.Exists(x => x.Id == item.Id))
{
_userRoleRepository.Delete(item);
}
}

_userRoleRepository.Commit();
_userRepository.Commit();
}

result.IsSaved = true;
return result;
}

public DeleteResult DeleteRole(int userId, int roleId)
{
var result = GetDefault<DeleteResult>();
var model = _userRoleRepository.FindSingle(x => x.UserId == userId && x.RoleId == roleId);
if (model != null)
{
_userRoleRepository.Delete(model);
_userRoleRepository.Commit();
}

result.IsDeleted = true;
return result;
}

public bool Exist(string username, string password)
{
return _userRepository.FindSingle(u => u.Name == username && u.Password == password) != null;
}

private bool IsHasSameName(string name, int userId)
{
return !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name) && _userRepository.Find(u=>u.Name ==name && u.Id != userId).Any();
}

private Expression<Func<User, bool>> BuildExpression(PageInput pageInput)
{
Expression<Func<User, bool>> filterExp = user => true;
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(pageInput.Name))
return filterExp;

switch (pageInput.Type)
{
case 0:
filterExp = user => user.Name.Contains(pageInput.Name) || user.Email.Contains(pageInput.Name);
break;
case 1:
filterExp = user => user.Name.Contains(pageInput.Name);
break;
case 2:
filterExp = user => user.Email.Contains(pageInput.Name);
break;
}

return filterExp;
}
}

View Code
　　这里应用服务层其实还可以进一步的优化，实现代码层级的读写分离，定义IReadOnlyService接口和IWriteServie接口，并且把写操作可以采用泛型方法的方式抽象到BaseService中去实现。这样一些增删改操作实现公用，之所以可以将这里操作实现公用，是因为这些操作都是非常类似的，无非是操作的实体不一样罢了。其实这样的实现在我另一个开源项目中已经用到：OnlineStore.大家可以参考这个自行去实现。

　　仓储层的实现：

　　用户应用服务也没有直接依赖与具体的仓储类，同样也是依赖其接口。对应的用户仓储类的实现如下：

public class BaseRepository<TEntity> : IRepository<TEntity>
where TEntity :class , IEntity
{
private readonly ThreadLocal<UserManagerDBContext> _localCtx = new ThreadLocal<UserManagerDBContext>(() => new UserManagerDBContext());

public UserManagerDBContext DbContext { get { return _localCtx.Value; } }

public TEntity FindSingle(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> exp = null)
{
return DbContext.Set<TEntity>().AsNoTracking().FirstOrDefault(exp);
}

public IQueryable<TEntity> Find(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> exp = null)
{
return Filter(exp);
}

public IQueryable<TEntity> Find(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> expression, Expression<Func<TEntity, dynamic>> sortPredicate, SortOrder sortOrder, int pageNumber, int pageSize)
{
if (pageNumber <= 0)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("pageNumber", pageNumber, "pageNumber must great than or equal to 1.");
if (pageSize <= 0)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("pageSize", pageSize, "pageSize must great than or equal to 1.");

var query = DbContext.Set<TEntity>().Where(expression);
var skip = (pageNumber - 1) * pageSize;
var take = pageSize;
if (sortPredicate == null)
throw new InvalidOperationException("Based on the paging query must specify sorting fields and sort order.");

switch (sortOrder)
{
case SortOrder.Ascending:
var pagedAscending = query.SortBy(sortPredicate).Skip(skip).Take(take);

return pagedAscending;
case SortOrder.Descending:
var pagedDescending = query.SortByDescending(sortPredicate).Skip(skip).Take(take);
return pagedDescending;
}

throw new InvalidOperationException("Based on the paging query must specify sorting fields and sort order.");
}

public int GetCount(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> exp = null)
{
return Filter(exp).Count();
}

public void Add(TEntity entity)
{
DbContext.Set<TEntity>().Add(entity);
}

public void Update(TEntity entity)
{
DbContext.Entry(entity).State = EntityState.Modified;
}

public void Delete(TEntity entity)
{
DbContext.Entry(entity).State = EntityState.Deleted;
DbContext.Set<TEntity>().Remove(entity);
}

public void Delete(ICollection<TEntity> entityCollection)
{
if(entityCollection.Count ==0)
return;

DbContext.Set<TEntity>().Attach(entityCollection.First());
DbContext.Set<TEntity>().RemoveRange(entityCollection);
}

private IQueryable<TEntity> Filter(Expression<Func<TEntity, bool>> exp)
{
var dbSet = DbContext.Set<TEntity>().AsQueryable();
if (exp != null)
dbSet = dbSet.Where(exp);
return dbSet;
}

public void Commit()
{
DbContext.SaveChanges();
}
}

public class UserRepository :BaseRepository<User>, IUserRepository
{

}

四、AngularJS前端实现

　　Web前端的实现就是采用AngularJS来实现，并且采用模块化开发模式。具体Web前端的代码结构如下图所示：

App/images // 存放Web前端使用的图片资源

App/Styles // 存放样式文件

App/scripts // 整个Web前端用到的脚本文件
/ Controllers // angularJS控制器模块存放目录
/  directives // angularJs指令模块存放目录
/   filters  // 过滤器模块存放目录
/   services // 服务模块存放目录
/ app.js // Web前端程序配置模块(路由配置)
App/Modules  // 项目依赖库，angular、Bootstrap、Jquery库

App/Views // AngularJs视图模板存放目录

　　使用AngularJS开发的Web应用程序的代码之间的调用层次和后端基本一致，也是视图页面——》控制器模块——》服务模块——》Web API服务。

　　并且Web前端CSS和JS资源的加载采用了Bundle的方式来减少请求资源的次数，从而加快页面加载时间。具体Bundle类的配置：

public class BundleConfig
{
// For more information on bundling, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301862 public static void RegisterBundles(BundleCollection bundles)
{
//类库依赖文件
bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/js/base/lib").Include(
"~/app/modules/jquery-1.11.2.min.js",
"~/app/modules/angular/angular.min.js",
"~/app/modules/angular/angular-route.min.js",
"~/app/modules/bootstrap/js/ui-bootstrap-tpls-0.13.0.min.js",
"~/app/modules/bootstrap-notify/bootstrap-notify.min.js"
));
//angularjs 项目文件
bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/js/angularjs/app").Include(
"~/app/scripts/services/*.js",
"~/app/scripts/controllers/*.js",
"~/app/scripts/directives/*.js",
"~/app/scripts/filters/*.js",
"~/app/scripts/app.js"));
//样式
bundles.Add(new StyleBundle("~/js/base/style").Include(
"~/app/modules/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css",
"~/app/styles/dashboard.css",
"~/app/styles/console.css"
));
}
}

　　首页 Index.cshtml

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html ng-app="LH">
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
<title>简易权限管理系统Demo</title>
@Styles.Render("~/js/base/style")
@Scripts.Render("~/js/base/lib")
</head>
<body ng-controller="navigation">
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="/">简易权限管理系统Demo</a>
</div>
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-left">
<li class="{{item.isActive?'active':''}}" ng-repeat="item in ls">
<a href="#{{item.urls[0].link}}">{{item.name}}</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="navbar-form navbar-right">
<a href="@Url.Action("UnLogin", "Home", null)" class="btn btn-danger">
{{lang.exit}}
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-3 col-md-2 sidebar">
<ul class="nav nav-sidebar">
<li class="{{item.isActive?'active':''}}" ng-repeat="item in urls"><a href="#{{item.link}}">{{item.title}}</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-3 col-md-10 col-md-offset-2 main">
<div ng-view></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@Scripts.Render("~/js/angularjs/app")
</body>
</html>

五、运行效果

　　介绍完前后端的实现之后，接下来让我们看下整个项目的运行效果：

六、总结

　　到此，本文的所有内容都介绍完了，尽管本文的AngularJS的应用项目还有很多完善的地方，例如没有缓冲的支持、没有实现读写分离，没有对一些API进行压力测试等。但AngularJS在实际项目中的应用基本是这样的，大家如果在项目中有需要用到AngularJS，正好你们公司的后台又是.NET的话，相信本文的分享可以是一个很好的参考。另外，关于架构的设计也可以参考我的另一个开源项目：OnlineStore和FastWorks。

　　本文所有源码下载地址：PrivilegeManagement