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spring容器的懒加载

2016-05-03 16:50 232 查看
默认情况下,spring的IOC容器中lazy-init是false的,即没有打开懒加载模式。

如果你没有看到这个lazy-init 的参数设置就说明是false啦。

那么什么是懒加载?

懒加载---就是我们在spring容器启动的是先不把所有的bean都加载到spring的容器中去,而是在当需要用的时候,才把这个对象实例化到容器中。

例如我有如下的代码:

Java代码


package com.luch.spring.demo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.luch.spring.bean.Person;

public class NewPerson {

@Autowired

private Person person;

public NewPerson(){

System.out.println("lazy loading...");

}

public void printMsg(){

if(person !=null) {

System.out.println(person.getName());

} else {

System.out.println("no person initialize!");

}

}

public void setPerson(Person person) {

//this.person = person;

}

}

在无惨构造器里输出一句话,然后我先不设置懒加载模式:我有一个beans.xml的配置文件:

Xml代码


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>

<bean id="person" class="com.luch.spring.bean.Person">

<property name="id" value="22"></property>

<property name="name" value="Jack"></property>

</bean>

<bean id="newPerson" class="com.luch.spring.demo.NewPerson">

<property name="person" ref="person"></property>

</bean>

</beans>

然后我用一个junit来做测试:

Java代码


package junit.test;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.luch.spring.demo.NewPerson;

public class JunitTest {

@Test

public void printMsg(){

AbstractApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/beans.xml");

//NewPerson test = (NewPerson) ctx.getBean("newPerson");

//test.printMsg();

}

}

这个时候输出的结果为:

四月 17, 2014 9:26:41 下午 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh

信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@762efe5d: startup date [Thu Apr 17 21:26:41 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy

四月 17, 2014 9:26:42 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions

信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [beans.xml]

四月 17, 2014 9:26:42 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons

信息: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@77caeb3e: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,person,newPerson,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor$ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor#0];
root of factory hierarchy

lazy loading..

即对象被实例化了,也就是被加载到spring的容器中去了。

然后我们设置一下懒加载模式:我们beans.xml的配置文件. lazy-init="true"即

Xml代码


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>

<bean id="person" class="com.luch.spring.bean.Person">

<property name="id" value="22"></property>

<property name="name" value="Jack"></property>

</bean>

<bean id="newPerson" lazy-init="true" class="com.luch.spring.demo.NewPerson">

<property name="person" ref="person"></property>

</bean>

</beans>

再重新跑一次junit:结果为:

四月 17, 2014 9:33:54 下午 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@762efe5d:
startup date [Thu Apr 17 21:33:54 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy四月 17, 2014 9:33:54 下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [beans.xml]四月 17, 2014 9:33:54
下午 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons信息: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@77caeb3e: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,person,newPerson,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor$ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor#0];
root of factory hierarchy

即没有了实例化的过程,这个时候只有在你需要它的时候,它才会出现。比如你执行了:

NewPerson test = (NewPerson) ctx.getBean("newPerson"); 这个时候你的bean就实例化出来了。

那么是不是我如果很多的bean都不想在IOC容器启动的时候就加载,而是要beans.xml的每个bean里都加上lazy-init属性呢。

不用的,spring提供了default-lazy-init方法来实现这个业务。

我们只要在beans的头里面加上这个就ok 了

< beans default-lazy-init ="true" >

以上代码本人亲测,可用
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