Django-Restful框架

1.准备工作

安装django框架

安装django-rsetful 框架

pip install djangorestframework

2.一个小demo

2.1创建django工程

django admin startproject restful
django admin startapp demo

2.2配置restful环境

修改restful/settings.py
在INSTALLED_APPS 添加 'rest_framework'

2.3编写model层 /demo/model.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=20,blank=True)
password = models.CharField(max_length=20,blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.username

2.4配置数据库

python manage.py makemigratons
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py createsuperuser

2.5配置后台管理 /demo/admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
# Register your models here.
from demo.models import User

admin.site.register(User)

此时登陆后台添加一些数据



(图片不清楚可按住Ctrl+鼠标滚轮放大)

2.6编写序列化模块 /demo/serializer.py

# author: HuYong
# coding=utf-8
from rest_framework import serializers

from demo.models import User

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ("id","username","password")

序列化联通json与模型层

2.7编写url

2.7.1根url restful/url.py

from django.conf.urls import include, url
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
url(r'^api/demo/',include('demo.urls')),
]

2.7.2APP URL　demo/urls.py

# author: HuYong
# coding=utf-8
from django.conf.urls import url

from demo import views

urlpatterns = [
url(r'^user/$',views.User_list),
url(r'^user/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$',views.User_detial),
]

2.8编写views层 demo/views.py

import json

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.response import Response

from demo.models import User
from demo.serializer import UserSerializer

@api_view(['GET','POST'])
def User_list(request):

if request.method=="GET":
users = User.objects.all()
serializer = UserSerializer(users,many=True)
return Response(serializer.data)

elif request.method == 'POST':
print request.body
serializer = UserSerializer(data=json.loads(request.body))
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
else:
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

@api_view(['GET', 'PUT', 'DELETE']) #
def User_detial(request,pk):
try:
user = User.objects.get(pk=pk)
except User.DoesNotExist:
return Response(status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)

if request.method == "GET":
serializer = UserSerializer(user)
return Response(serializer.data)

elif request.method == "PUT":
serializer = UserSerializer(user,data=json.loads(request.body))
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response(serializer.data)
else:
return Response(serializer.errors,status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

elif request.method == "DELETE":
user.delete()
return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)

2.9测试

2.9.1获取用户列表

浏览器访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/demo/user/



这个浏览器访问的界面

通过postman来测试，返回的是json数据

2.9.2新增数据

通过postman来测试

简单设置





返回的数据：



此时获取用户列表栏

2.9.3对单个用户的操作

URL http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/demo/user/4 （id为4的用户）

获取用户信息（GET）



修改用户信息（PUT）





删除用户信息（DELETE）