Win7下qt5.3.1+opencv2.4.9编译环境的搭建

1.

到官网下载qt-opensource-windows-x86-mingw482_opengl-5.3.1.exe文件，执行该文件，选择默认安装即可实现QT的安装（安装在C盘的根目录下），该文件封装好了Qt
libraries、Qt Creator，其中Qt
Creator为3.1.2版本。

2.

到官网http://opencv.org/downloads.html下载OpenCV
for Windows2.4.9版本——opencv-2.4.9.exe。执行该文件，把它解压到适当的目录下即可，我是把它放到了c盘的根目录下，即c:\opencv。

3.

在http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html下载cmake-3.0.1-win32-x86.exe文件。安装cmake，安装在C:\CMake目录下。

设置系统的环境变量，即把C:\Qt\Qt5.3.1\Tools\MinGW\bin加入系统的Path环境变量中，因为在CMake编译过程中会用到该目录下的库。

4.

在桌面上点击CMake(cmake-gui)图标，执行CMake，在Where
is the source code栏和Where to build thebinaries栏中分别C:/opencv/soureces为opencv和C:/opencv/MinGW。C:/opencv/MinGW为编译后库文件所存放的目录，需要自己创建该目录。然后点击configure按钮，打开新的窗口，在Specify
the generator for this project下选择MinGW Makefiles，然后选择Specify native compilers，点击Next按钮，打开新的窗口，在C一栏中填写C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/Tools/mingw482_32/bin/gcc.exe，在C++一栏中填写C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/Tools/mingw482_32/bin/g++.exe，Fortran不填写。

然后点击Finish按钮，开始配置，这时会出现如下的类似错误提示：

CMake Error: CMake was unable to find abuild program corresponding to "MinGW Makefiles".  CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM is not set.  You probably need to select a different buildtool.
CMake Error: CMake was unable to find abuild program corresponding to "MinGW Makefiles".  CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM is not set.  You probably need to select a different buildtool.
CMake Error: Error required internal CMakevariable not set, cmake may be not be built correctly.
Missing variable is:
CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ENV_VAR
CMake Error: Could not find cmake modulefile: C:/opencv/MinGW/CMakeFiles/3.0.1/CMakeCXXCompiler.cmake
CMake Error: Error required internal CMakevariable not set, cmake may be not be built correctly.
Missing variable is:
CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ENV_VAR
CMake Error: Could not find cmake modulefile: C:/opencv/MinGW/CMakeFiles/3.0.1/CMakeCCompiler.cmake
Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!

找到Name为CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM的一项，把它的Value填写为C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/Tools/mingw482_32/bin/mingw32-make.exe即可。再次点击Configure，这时不会提示任何错误，表明配置成功。

我们还需要把QT加上，找到WITH，把它下面的WITH_QT和WITH_OPENGL选上，再次Configure。这时会出现类似下面的错误提示：

CMake Error atC:/CMake/share/cmake-3.0/Modules/FindQt4.cmake:1316 (message):

Found unsuitable Qt
version "" from NOTFOUND, this coderequires Qt 4.x

Call Stack (most recent call first):

cmake/OpenCVFindLibsGUI.cmake:34
(find_package)

CMakeLists.txt:466
(include)

找到QT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE，它的值填写为：C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/bin/qmake.exe

找到QT_MKSPECS_DIR，它的值填写为：C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/mkspecs

找到QT_QTCORE_LIBRARY_DEBUG，它的值填写为：C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/bin/Qt5Cored.dll

找到QT_QTCORE_LIBRARY_RELEASE，它的值填写为C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/bin/Qt5Core.dll

找到QT_QTCORE_INCLUDE_DIR，它的值填写为C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/include/QtCore/5.3.1/QtCore

再次点击Configure，这时会出现类似下面的错误提示：

CMake Error atC:/CMake/share/cmake-3.0/Modules/FindQt4.cmake:1316 (message):

Found unsuitable Qt
version "5.3.1" from

C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/bin/qmake.exe,
this code requires Qt 4.x

Call Stack (most recent call first):

cmake/OpenCVFindLibsGUI.cmake:34
(find_package)

CMakeLists.txt:466
(include)

在Ungrouped Entries下找到Qt5Concurrent_DIR，Qt5Core_DIR，Qt5Gui_DIR，Qt5Test_DIR，Qt5Widgets_DIR，Qt5OpenGL_DIR，它们的Value分别填写为：

C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Concurrent

C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Core

C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Gui

C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Test

C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/lib/cmake/Qt5Widgets

C:/Qt/Qt5.3.1/5.3/mingw482_32/lib/cmake/Qt5OpenGL

再次Configure，这时配置完成，不会出现任何错误提示。虽然会有许多警告，如This
warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.，但不用去管，按Generate。Generate完成后，关闭CMake窗口。

打开系统的命令终端，进入C:\opencv\MinGW目录，执行mingw32-make命令，这需要一段时间，该命令执行完后，再执行mingw32-make
install命令。这样可用于Qt的opencv库文件就生成了。

再次添加系统的Path环境变量，内容为：c:\Qt\Qt5.3.1\5.3\mingw482_32\bin;c:\opencv\MinGW\bin。

以后我们用Qt Creator编译opencv的时候，在创建一个新工程后，还需要在该工程的工程文件.pro文件内添加下列语句：

INCLUDEPATH+=c:\opencv\build\include\opencv\

c:\opencv\build\include\opencv2\

c:\opencv\build\include

LIBS+=c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_calib3d249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_contrib249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_core249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_features2d249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_flann249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_gpu249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_highgui249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_imgproc249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_legacy249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_ml249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_objdetect249.dll.a\

c:\opencv\MinGW\lib\libopencv_video249.dll.a

完成！