修改Oracle Virtual Box中vdi的大小

VirtualBox虚拟机在使用的过程中，有时会遇到磁盘大小不够用，如果设置了”动态分配存储“，可以通过下面的方法对磁盘的空间进行手动扩展。此处以Linux为例。

①启动cmd 进入VBox的安装主目录

C:\Users\QY>D:D:\>cd D:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox

②使用VBoxManage.exe list hdds查看需要修改的虚拟机的VDI的UUID

D:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>VBoxManage.exe list hddsUUID:           465ab746-4bac-4b07-b3ca-53a29ea75fd2Parent UUID:    baseState:          createdType:           normal (base)Location:       F:\System\Virtual\centos演示\centos演示.vdiStorage format: VDICapacity:       20480 MBytesEncryption:     disabled

③使用modifyhd及其resize命令修改vdi大小

D:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>VBoxManage.exe modifyhd 465ab746-4bac-4b07-b3ca-53a29ea75fd2 --resize 25000%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

或者使用如下方式

D:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>

VBoxManage.exe modifyhd

F:\System\Virtual\centos演示\centos演示.vdi

--resize 25000%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

再次查看可以看到vdi的大小已经被修改

D:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox>VBoxManage.exe list hdds

UUID:           465ab746-4bac-4b07-b3ca-53a29ea75fd2

Parent UUID:    base

State:          created

Type:           normal (base)

Location:       F:\System\Virtual\centos演示\centos演示.vdi

Storage format: VDI

Capacity:       25000 MBytes

Encryption:     disabled

④启动新增空间

启动虚拟机查看磁盘情况

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 26.2 GB, 26214400000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3187 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x0001b6a2

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM

可以看到磁盘的大小已经改变了,但这是还不可以用,需要将空闲空间创建出一个新的分区。

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e   extended

p   primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 3

First cylinder (2611-3187, default 2611):

Using default value 2611

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2611-3187, default 3187):

Using default value 3187

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-4): 3

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

Changed system type of partition 3 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

Syncing disks.

具体操作步奏:

# fdisk /dev/sda

n {new partition}

p {primary partition}

3 {partition number}

[这时会提示修改大小，选择默认直接回车即可]

t {change partition id}

3 {partition number}

8e {Linux LVM partition}

w

如果中间有设置大小之类的提示，就直接回车。

完成分区的提示如下

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

将系统重启查看新增加的sda3是否标记为LVM。

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 26.2 GB, 26214400000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3187 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x0001b6a2

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2              64        2611    20458496   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2611        3187     4628057+  8e  Linux LVM

可以看到将增加的5G空间加到了系统里面。

⑤调整LVM

Ø 虽然将新增加的空间加入了分区，但是当查看磁盘空间时，磁盘可使用的空间大小并没有改变。

[root@localhost ~]# df -h

Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root   18G  1.9G   16G  11% /

tmpfs                         372M     0  372M   0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1                     485M   34M  426M   8% /boot

Ø 查看Volume Group的名称

[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---

VG Name               VolGroup

System ID

Format                lvm2

Metadata Areas        1

Metadata Sequence No  3

VG Access             read/write

VG Status             resizable

……

VG Size               19.51 GiB

PE Size               4.00 MiB

Total PE              4994

Alloc PE / Size       4994 / 19.51 GiB

Free  PE / Size       0 / 0

VG UUID               eSiqBn-m1gp-zaxS-FMqO-LLNE-0jOR-t5xRMW

实际操作时使用VG Name操作

Ø 新分配的空间创建一个物理卷,并扩展到VolGroup

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3

Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created

[root@localhost ~]# vgextend VolGroup /dev/sda3

Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended

扩展 LVM 的逻辑卷 VolGroup/lv_root,并调整逻辑卷的大小

[root@localhost VolGroup]# lvextend /dev/VolGroup/lv_root /dev/sda3

Extending logical volume lv_root to 22.45 GiB

Logical volume lv_root successfully resized

[root@localhost VolGroup]# resize2fs /dev/VolGroup/lv_root

resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup/lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required

old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 2

Performing an on-line resize of /dev/VolGroup/lv_root to 5884928 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup/lv_root is now 5884928 blocks long.

查看可用空间

[root@localhost VolGroup]# df -h

Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root   23G  1.9G   20G   9% /

tmpfs                         372M     0  372M   0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1                     485M   34M  426M   8% /boot

至此虚拟机空间扩展完成。