ORACLE ADR 不能直接执行repair failure，需要先执行advice failure，生成修复脚本

正确答案：D

一、模拟上题的错误：

１、删除4号文件

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[oracle@mydb ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/

[oracle@mydb ocm]$ rm -rf users01.dbf

２、数据库宕机

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sys@OCM> shutdown abort;

ORACLE instance shut down.

３、启动数据库报错，与上题报错一样

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sys@OCM> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 839282688 bytes

Fixed Size 2233000 bytes

Variable Size 583011672 bytes

Database Buffers 247463936 bytes

Redo Buffers 6574080 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace file

ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf'

４、如果试图在没有执行advise failure命令时使用repair failure命令，将出现如下错误：

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[oracle@mydb ~]$ rman target /

RMAN> repair failure;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of repair command at 09/01/2013 23:15:16

RMAN-06954: REPAIR command must be preceded by ADVISE command in same session

　　　主要原因是：在运行repairfailure之前，要先运行advise failure，让rman列出错误，并且生成修复脚本，之后运行repair failure修复错误。

一、正确的恢复的过程如下：

１、 启动RMAN客户机，并使用前一节介绍的数据库修复命令来解决丢失数据问题，我们从list failure命令开始：

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RMAN> list failure;

List of Database Failures

=========================

Failure ID Priority Status Time Detected Summary

---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------

2002 HIGH OPEN 01-SEP-13 One or more non-system datafiles are missing

２、advisefailure命令对记录在自动诊断信息库中的所有故障给出建议。默认时，此命令只列出具有critical或high优先级的那些故障。除了产生所有输入故障的摘要外，此命令还对每个故障提供一个建议修复选项。通常，advise failure命令同时给出自动和手动修复选项。在advisefailure命令输出结束时，RMAN生成一个脚本，列出建议的修复选项的细节。如果你想自己进行修复，可以直接使用这个脚本，或者对它进行修改。

　　

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RMAN> advise failure;

List of Database Failures

=========================

Failure ID Priority Status Time Detected Summary

---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------

2002 HIGH OPEN 01-SEP-13 One or more non-system datafiles are missing

analyzing automatic repair options; this may take some time

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK

analyzing automatic repair options complete

Mandatory Manual Actions

========================

no manual actions available

Optional Manual Actions

=======================

1. If file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it

Automated Repair Options

========================

Option Repair Description

------ ------------------

1 Restore and recover datafile 4

Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss

Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocm/ocm/hm/reco_3275375759.hm

３、利用advise failure命令提供的建议，epair failure根据建议修复错误。

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RMAN> repair failure;

Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss

Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocm/ocm/hm/reco_3275375759.hm

contents of repair script:

# restore and recover datafile

restore datafile 4;

recover datafile 4;

sql 'alter database datafile 4 online';

Do you really want to execute the above repair (enter YES or NO)? Y

executing repair script

Starting restore at 01-SEP-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/0uoiptgq_1_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/0uoiptgq_1_1 tag=TAG20130901T230250

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished restore at 01-SEP-13

Starting recover at 01-SEP-13

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 01-SEP-13

sql statement: alter database datafile 4 online

repair failure complete

Do you want to open the database (enter YES or NO)? Y

database opened