您的位置:首页 > 编程语言 > Java开发

Java的MyBatis框架中实现多表连接查询和查询结果分页

2016-04-06 15:43 1236 查看

实现多表联合查询

还是在david.mybatis.model包下面新建一个Website类,用来持久化数据之用,重写下相应toString()方法,方便测试程序之用。

package david.mybatis.model;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
public class Website {
private int id;
private String name;
private int visitorId;
private int status;
private Date createTime;
private Visitor visitor;
public Website() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
createTime = new Date();
visitor = new Visitor();
}
public Website(String name, int visitorId) {
this.name = name;
this.visitorId = visitorId;
visitor = new Visitor();
status = 1;
createTime = new Date();
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Visitor getVisitor() {
return visitor;
}
public void setVisitor(Visitor visitor) {
this.visitor = visitor;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(int status) {
this.status = status;
}
public Date getCreateTime() {
return createTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
this.createTime = createTime;
}
public int getVisitorId() {
int id = 0;
if (visitor == null)
id = visitorId;
else
id = visitor.getId();
return id;
}
public void setVisitorId(int visitorId) {
this.visitorId = visitorId;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(String.format("Website=> {Id:%d, Name:%s, CreateTime:%s}\r\n", id, name,
new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(createTime)));
if (visitor != null)
sb.append(String.format("Visitor=> %s", visitor.toString()));
return sb.toString();
}
}

在david.mybatis.demo下面分别新建相应的操作接口:

package david.mybatis.demo;
import java.util.List;
import david.mybatis.model.Website;
public interface IWebsiteOperation {
public int add(Website website);
public int delete(int id);
public int update(Website website);
public Website query(int id);
public List<Website> getList();
}

在mapper文件夹下新建WebsiteMapper.xml映射文件,分别参照上一张所说的把增删改查的单表操作配置分别放进去,这样你可以建造一点测试数据。如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="david.mybatis.demo.IWebsiteOperation">
<sql id="getListSql">
select id,
name, VisitorId, status, createTime from Website
where status>0
</sql>
<insert id="add" parameterType="Website" useGeneratedKeys="true"
keyProperty="Id">
insert into Website (Name, VisitorId, Status, CreateTime)
values (#{name}, #{visitorId}, #{status}, #{createTime})
</insert>
<delete id="delete" parameterType="int">
delete from website where
status>0 and id = #{id}
</delete>
<update id="update" parameterType="Website">
update website set
name=#{name} where status>0 and id=#{id}
</update>
<select id="query" parameterType="int" resultMap="websiteRs">
select
Website.id siteId, Website.name siteName, Visitor.Id visitorId,
Visitor.name visitorName,
Website.status siteStatus, Website.createtime
siteCreateTime from Website
inner join Visitor on Website.visitorid =
Visitor.id where Website.status>0 and
Website.id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap type="Website" id="websiteRs">
<id column="siteId" property="id" />
<result column="siteName" property="name" />
<result column="siteStatus" property="status" />
<result column="siteCreateTime" property="createTime" /><association property="visitor" javaType="Visitor" resultMap="visitorRs" /></resultMap>
<resultMap type="Visitor" id="visitorRs">
<id column="visitorId" property="id" />
<result column="visitorName" property="name" />
</resultMap>
<select id="getList" resultMap="websiteByVisitorIdRs">
<include refid="getListSql" />
</select>
</mapper>

这里今天主要说的就是那个查,现在我们想要查询网站的同时分别把相应的访问者信息一起拿出来,怎么做呢,大家可以参照配置中的query,写下联表查询的SQL,

这里主要要注意的是,Website实体与Visit的实体里面Id与Name这2个属性都是一样的,所以为了避免映射出现出错现象,把相应的查询结果列起上不一样的别名,这样绑定的时候就可以避免。

假如我像下面一样配置会得到什么呢?

<select id="query" parameterType="int" resultMap="websiteRs">
select
Website.id, Website.name siteName, Visitor.Id,
Visitor.name visitorName,
Website.status siteStatus, Website.createtime
siteCreateTime from Website
inner join Visitor on Website.visitorid =
Visitor.id where Website.status>0 and
Website.id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap type="Website" id="websiteRs">
<id column="id" property="id" />
<result column="siteName" property="name" />
<result column="siteStatus" property="status" />
<result column="siteCreateTime" property="createTime" />
<association property="visitor" javaType="Visitor"
resultMap="visitorRs" />
</resultMap>
<resultMap type="Visitor" id="visitorRs">
<id column="id" property="id" />
<result column="visitorName" property="name" />
</resultMap>

有木有发觉,Visitor的Id也变成2了,这个其实它默认映射了Website的ID,因为SQL语句查询出来的结果2个ID都是变成2了,有人会问为什么不是4呢,因为他默认匹配第一个如果你把Website.Id与Visit.Id的位置,相互换下就会发现结果又神奇的变了

所以需要起个别名避免这种情况,这样你就会发现真相其实只有一个就是下面的:

大家可以看到其实多表处理resultMap的方式和单表是一致的,也无非是吧列明与Javabean属性名成对应上去,可以看到在Website的<resultMap>节点里面前台另外一个resultMap,他就是代表Visit实体所需要映射的实体,可以使用以下方式进行关联

<association property="visitor" javaType="Visitor" resultMap="visitorRs" />

其中的visitor就是Website实体中的visit字段名,必须保证名称一致,否则就会抛出There is no getter for property named 'XXX' in 'class david.mybatis.model.Website'的异常,这在上几章已经讲述了,当然如果你觉得不用嵌套resultMap也行,嵌套也是出于其他地方可以还要用到这个配置那就提炼出来的过程,也是抽象出来的一种思想。具体使用<resultMap>中的ID与Result可以从官网查找相应区别说明:http://mybatis.github.io/mybatis-3/sqlmap-xml.html#Result_Maps

这样,一个简单的多表联合查询就出来啦~,如果还有更加复杂的查询业务费是在这个基础上些许的变通修改。

分页效果逻辑
下面要讲的是关于一个业务问题中我们常碰到的分页问题。在开发web项目的时候我们经常会使用到列表显示,一般我们都会用一些常用的列表控件例如,datatables(个人感觉十分不错),easy ui下面的那些封装好的表格控件。

  思路:在这些控件里要达到分页的效果,一般都会传2个参数,第一个是表示当前页的索引(一般从0开始),第二个表示当前页展示多少条业务记录,然后将相应的参数传递给List<T> getList(PagenateArgs args)方法,最终实现数据库中的分页时候我们可以使用limit关键词(针对mysql)进行分页,如果是oracle或者sql server他们都有自带的rownum函数可以使用。

  针对上述思路,首先我们需要还是一如既往的在demo.mybatis.model下面新建一个名为PagenateArgs的分页参数实体类与一个名为SortDirectionEnum的枚举类,里面包含当前页面索引pageIndex, 当前页展示业务记录数pageSize, pageStart属性表示从第几条开始,(pageStart=pageIndex*pageSize)因为limit关键词用法是表示【limit 起始条数(不包含),取几条】,orderFieldStr排序字段,orderDirectionStr 排序方向,所以具体创建如下:
package david.mybatis.model;

/*
* 分页参数实体类
*/
public class PagenateArgs {
private int pageIndex;
private int pageSize;
private int pageStart;
private String orderFieldStr;
private String orderDirectionStr;
public PagenateArgs() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public PagenateArgs(int pageIndex, int pageSize, String orderFieldStr, String orderDirectionStr) {
this.pageIndex = pageIndex;
this.pageSize = pageSize;
this.orderFieldStr = orderFieldStr;
this.orderDirectionStr = orderDirectionStr;
pageStart = pageIndex * pageSize;
}
public int getPageIndex() {
return pageIndex;
}
public int getPageStart() {
return pageStart;
}
public int getPageSize() {
return pageSize;
}
public String orderFieldStr() {
return orderFieldStr;
}
public String getOrderDirectionStr() {
return orderDirectionStr;
}
}
package david.mybatis.model;
/*
* 排序枚举
*/
public enum SortDirectionEnum {
/*
* 升序
*/
ASC,
/*
* 降序
*/
DESC
}

  完成上面的步骤以后我们在IVisitorOperation接口类中继续添加一个方法public List<Visitor> getListByPagenate(PagenateArgs args),前几章中我们其实已经有getList方法了,这次的分页其实也就是在这个的基础上稍加改动即可,IVisitorOperation接口类改动后如下所示:

package david.mybatis.demo;
import java.util.List;
import david.mybatis.model.PagenateArgs;
import david.mybatis.model.Visitor;
import david.mybatis.model.VisitorWithRn;
public interface IVisitorOperation {
/*
* 基础查询
*/
public Visitor basicQuery(int id);
/*
* 添加访问者
*/
public int add(Visitor visitor);
/*
* 删除访问者
*/
public int delete(int id);
/*
* 更新访问者
*/
public int update(Visitor visitor);
/*
* 查询访问者
*/
public Visitor query(int id);
/*
* 查询List
*/
public List<Visitor> getList();
/*
* 分页查询List
*/
public List<Visitor> getListByPagenate(PagenateArgs args);
}

  接下来我们就要开始动手改动我们的VisitorMapper.xml配置文件了,新增一个<select>节点id与参数类型参照前几章的方式配置好,如下此处新增的id就为getListByPagenate,配置好以后如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="david.mybatis.demo.IVisitorOperation">
<!-- useGeneratedKeys="true"代表是否使用自增长序列, keyProperty="Id"指定自增长列是哪一列, parameterType="Visitor"指定IVisitorOperation接口类中定义中所传的相应类型 -->
<insert id="add" parameterType="Visitor" useGeneratedKeys="true"
keyProperty="Id">
insert into Visitor (Name, Email, Status, CreateTime)
values (#{name}, #{email}, #{status}, #{createTime})
</insert>
<delete id="delete" parameterType="int">
delete from Visitor where
status>0 and id = #{id}
</delete>
<update id="update" parameterType="Visitor">
update Visitor set Name =
#{name}, Email=#{email}, Status=#{status} where id=#{id} and Status>0;
</update>
<select id="query" parameterType="int" resultType="Visitor">
select Id,
Name, Email, Status, CreateTime from visitor where id=#{id} and
Status>0 order by Id
</select>
<select id="basicQuery" parameterType="int" resultType="Visitor">
select *
from visitor where id=#{id} and
Status>0 order by Id
</select>
<select id="getList" resultMap="visitorRs">
<include refid="getListSql" />
</select>
<sql id="getListSql">
select * from Visitor where
status>0
</sql>
<!-- 以下为新增部分用来分页,orderBySql这个提取出来是为了后面有示例复用 -->
<resultMap type="Visitor" id="visitorRs">
<id column="Id" property="id" />
<result column="Name" property="name" />
<result column="Email" property="email" />
<result column="Status" property="status" />
<result column="CreateTime" property="createTime" />
</resultMap>
<select id="getListByPagenate" parameterType="PagenateArgs"
resultType="Visitor">
select * from (
<include refid="getListSql" /> <include refid="orderBySql"/>
) t <!-- #{}表示参数化输出,${}表示直接输出不进行任何转义操作,自己进行转移 --><if test="pageStart>-1 and pageSize>-1">
limit #{pageStart}, #{pageSize}
</if></select>
<sql id="orderBySql">
order by ${orderFieldStr} ${orderDirectionStr}
</sql>
</mapper>

  在上面你会发现有类似,下图中的配置,这里面的字段属性都是针对PagenateArgs参数类中的属性名,保持一致。

<if test="pageStart>-1 and pageSize>-1">
limit #{pageStart}, #{pageSize}
</if>

   在DemoRun类中创建测试方法:

/*
* 分页参数
*/
public static void queryVisitorListWithPagenate(int pageIndex, int pageSize, String orderField, String orderDire) {
PagenateArgs args = new PagenateArgs(pageIndex, pageSize, orderField, orderDire);
SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
IVisitorOperation vOperation = session.getMapper(IVisitorOperation.class);
List<Visitor> visitors = vOperation.getListByPagenate(args);
for (Visitor visitor : visitors) {
System.out.println(visitor);
}
MybatisUtils.closeSession(session);
MybatisUtils.showMessages(CRUD_Enum.List, visitors.size());
}
DemoRun.queryVisitorListWithPagenate(0, 100, "id", SortDirectionEnum.DESC.toString());

运行后下测试结果,先按Id倒序排列,查的Visitor表一共有14条记录,

假设我们取在第2页取5条,执行下面也就是6-10条数据,这样传参数就行了

DemoRun.queryVisitorListWithPagenate(1, 5, "id", SortDirectionEnum.DESC.toString());

结果如下:

这样就自己实现了的一个分页逻辑啦~^0^,这里需要注意的就是我这边orderFieldStr字段是没有做过任何判断的,理论上要处理下防止错误了列名传进去,不过现在网上应该有现成封装好的东西,大家也可以去google下,这里只是给个思路演示下怎么用mybatis分页。

  完成这个后,因为是Mysql的关系所以在查询结果里他没有自带rownum序列ID,所以查看测试数据是第几条的时候可能不明显,不zao急,我们可以自己动手丰衣足食改造下上面的方法,这里我重新在model包里新建一个一模一样的VisitorWithRn实体里面多带一个rownum参数持久化返回的RownumID,如下:

package david.mybatis.model;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
public class VisitorWithRn {
private int id;
private String name;
private String email;
private int status;
private Date createTime;
private int rownum;
public VisitorWithRn() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
createTime = new Date();
}
public VisitorWithRn(String name, String email) {
this.name = name;
this.email = email;
this.setStatus(1);
this.createTime = new Date();
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public Date getCreateTime() {
return createTime;
}
public int getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(int status) {
this.status = status;
}
public int getRownum() {
return rownum;
}
public void setRownum(int rownum) {
this.rownum = rownum;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return String.format("{Rownum:%d, Id: %d, Name: %s, CreateTime: %s}", rownum, id, name,
new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(createTime));
}
}

在IVisitorOperation里面在新建一个名为 public List<VisitorWithRn> getListByPagenateWithRn(PagenateArgs args)的方法,同样我们需要在VisitorMapper中配置下相应<select>节点与脚本,此处唯一的不同就是需要改下sql脚本,如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="david.mybatis.demo.IVisitorOperation">
<!-- useGeneratedKeys="true"代表是否使用自增长序列, keyProperty="Id"指定自增长列是哪一列, parameterType="Visitor"指定IVisitorOperation接口类中定义中所传的相应类型 -->
<insert id="add" parameterType="Visitor" useGeneratedKeys="true"
keyProperty="Id">
insert into Visitor (Name, Email, Status, CreateTime)
values (#{name}, #{email}, #{status}, #{createTime})
</insert>
<delete id="delete" parameterType="int">
delete from Visitor where
status>0 and id = #{id}
</delete>
<update id="update" parameterType="Visitor">
update Visitor set Name =
#{name}, Email=#{email}, Status=#{status} where id=#{id} and Status>0;
</update>
<select id="query" parameterType="int" resultType="Visitor">
select Id,
Name, Email, Status, CreateTime from visitor where id=#{id} and
Status>0 order by Id
</select>
<select id="basicQuery" parameterType="int" resultType="Visitor">
select *
from visitor where id=#{id} and
Status>0 order by Id
</select>
<select id="getList" resultMap="visitorRs">
<include refid="getListSql" />
</select>
<sql id="getListSql">
select * from Visitor where
status>0
</sql>
<resultMap type="Visitor" id="visitorRs">
<id column="Id" property="id" />
<result column="Name" property="name" />
<result column="Email" property="email" />
<result column="Status" property="status" />
<result column="CreateTime" property="createTime" />
</resultMap>
<select id="getListByPagenate" parameterType="PagenateArgs"
resultType="Visitor">
select * from (
<include refid="getListSql" /> <include refid="orderBySql"/>
) t <!-- #{}表示参数化输出,${}表示直接输出不进行任何转义操作,自己进行转移 --><if test="pageStart>-1 and pageSize>-1">
limit #{pageStart}, #{pageSize}
</if></select>
<!--提炼出来为了2个示例共用下 -->
<sql id="orderBySql">
order by ${orderFieldStr} ${orderDirectionStr}
</sql>
<!-- 带rownum的SQL脚本书写方式 -->
<resultMap type="VisitorWithRn" id="visitorWithRnRs">
<id column="Id" property="id" />
<result column="Name" property="name" />
<result column="Email" property="email" />
<result column="Status" property="status" />
<result column="CreateTime" property="createTime" />
<result column="Rownum" property="rownum" />
</resultMap>
<select id="getListByPagenateWithRn" resultMap="visitorWithRnRs">
<!-- #{}表示参数化输出,${}表示直接输出不进行任何转义操作,自己进行转移 -->
select t.Rownum, t.Id, t.Name, t.Email, t.Status, t.CreateTime from (<include refid="getListSqlContainsRn" /> <include refid="orderBySql"/>) t<if test="pageStart>-1 and pageSize>-1">
limit #{pageStart}, #{pageSize}
</if></select>
<sql id="getListSqlContainsRn">
select @rownum:=@rownum+1 Rownum,
result.id, result.name, result.email, result.status, result.createTime
FROM (
select @rownum:=0, Visitor.* from Visitor where
status>0) result
</sql>
</mapper>

接下来剩下的就是如刚才在DemoRun下面添加测试方法,这里就不贴图了,完成后你可以看到刚刚的6-10条数据会变成如下

您可能感兴趣的文章:

内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签:  MyBatis Java