数据库的备份和恢复

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关系型数据库（22）




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备份与恢复

1. 备份策略

2. 操作系统级备份：

让数据库脱机

USE master

GO

ALTER DATABASE [MySQLServer]

SET OFFLINE

GO

让数据库联机

USE master

GO

ALTER DATABASE [MySQLServer]

SET ONLINE

GO

3. 数据库全备份

BACKUP DATABASE [MySQLServer]

TO DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft
SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'

WITH DESCRIPTION = N'2008-03-11',

NOFORMAT, INIT,

NAME = N'MySQLServer-Full Database Backup',

SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD, STATS = 10

GO

declare @backupSetId as int

select @backupSetId = position

from msdb..backupset

where database_name=N'MySQLServer'

and backup_set_id=

(select max(backup_set_id) from msdb..backupset where database_name=N'MySQLServer' )

if @backupSetId is null

begin

raiserror(N'Verify failed. Backup information for database ''MySQLServer'' not found.', 16, 1)

end

RESTORE VERIFYONLY

FROM DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'

WITH FILE = @backupSetId, NOUNLOAD, NOREWIND

GO

4. 数据库增量备份

BACKUP DATABASE [MySQLServer]

TO DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'

WITH DIFFERENTIAL , NOFORMAT, NOINIT,

NAME = N'MySQLServer-Differential Database Backup',

SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD, STATS = 10

GO

declare @backupSetId as int

select @backupSetId = position from msdb..backupset where database_name=N'MySQLServer' and backup_set_id=(select max(backup_set_id) from msdb..backupset where database_name=N'MySQLServer' )

if @backupSetId is null begin raiserror(N'Verify failed. Backup information for database ''MySQLServer'' not found.', 16, 1) end

RESTORE VERIFYONLY FROM DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak' WITH FILE = @backupSetId, NOUNLOAD, NOREWIND

GO

5. 事务日志备份

BACKUP LOG [MySQLServer]

TO DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'

WITH NOFORMAT, NOINIT, NAME = N'MySQLServer-Transaction Log Backup',

SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD, STATS = 10

GO

6. 数据库恢复：

RESTORE DATABASE [MySQLServer]

FROM DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'

WITH FILE = 6, NOUNLOAD, STATS = 10

GO

RESTORE DATABASE [MySQLServer]

FROM DISK = N'c:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL.1MSSQLBackupMySQLServer.bak'

WITH RESTRICTED_USER, FILE = 6,

MOVE N'MySQLServer_PRI01' TO N'E:MySQL_PRI01.mdf',

MOVE N'MySQLServer_log' TO N'E:MySQL2_Log.ldf',

MOVE N'MySQLServer_SEC01' TO N'E:MySQL2_SEC01.ndf',

MOVE N'MySQLServer_SEC02' TO N'E:MySQL2_SEC02.ndf',

KEEP_REPLICATION, NOUNLOAD, REPLACE, STATS = 10

GO

7. 分离与附加

例：数据库分离：

USE [master]

GO

EXEC master.dbo.sp_detach_db @dbname = N'MySQLServer', @keepfulltextindexfile=N'true'

GO

例：数据库附加：

CREATE DATABASE MySQLServer2

ON ( FILENAME = 'C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQLDataMySQLServer2.MDF' )

FOR ATTACH

GO