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Spring+Spring MVC+Hibernate框架搭建实例推荐

2016-03-28 22:36 651 查看

前言：这里只是说明整个搭建流程，并不进行原理性的讲解一下面所需要用到的数据库配置：数据库方面，使用mysql创建一个users表，具体代码如下：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;
CREATE TABLE `users` (
`UserID` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`UserName` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`Password` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`Telephone` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
`Address` varchar(16) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`UserID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of users
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `users` VALUES ('1', 'aa', 'aa12', 'aa', 'aa');
INSERT INTO `users` VALUES ('2', 'bb', 'bb', 'bb', 'bb');
INSERT INTO `users` VALUES ('3', 'cc', 'cc', 'cc', 'cc');
INSERT INTO `users` VALUES ('7', 'admin', 'admin', '12306', '北京天安门');

二创建web项目，并导入相关jar包：创建一个dynamic web project，然后在WEB-INF/lib下导入spring和hibernate的jar包，嫌麻烦的话也可以使用我用到的jar包，链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kUse26z 。整个项目的结构是这样的：

三创建视图页面user.jsp：路径是：/WEB-INF/jsp/user/user.jsp，代码如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Message : ${message}</h1>

</body>
</html>

四根据数据库表的字段建立实体类Users.java：实体类放在cn.zifangsky.entity包中，这里采用了注解的方式来配置，Users.java代码如下：

package cn.zifangsky.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity(name="users")
public class Users implements java.io.Serializable{
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
@Column(name="UserID")
private Integer userId;
@Column(name="UserName",length=16)
private String userName;
@Column(name="Password",length=16)
private String password;
@Column(name="Telephone",length=16)
private String telephone;
@Column(name="Address",length=16)
private String address;

public Users(){

}
public Users(Integer userId, String userName, String password, String telephone, String address) {
this.userId = userId;
this.userName = userName;
this.password = password;
this.telephone = telephone;
this.address = address;
}
public Integer getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getTelephone() {
return telephone;
}
public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
this.telephone = telephone;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}

五处理框架整合的配置文件：（1）首先是web.xml，路径是：WEB-INF/web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- 配置Spring -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<!-- 定义DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- 设置字符集 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<!-- 控制Session的开关 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

（2）spring mvc所需要用到的配置文件springmvc-servlet.xml，路径是：src/springmvc-servlet.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd ">

<!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 不操作静态资源 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- 启动自动扫描该包下所有的Bean(例如@Controller) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.zifangsky.controller" />

<!-- 定义视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/jsp/user/</value>
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>

（3）整合hibernate所需要用到的配置文件spring-hibernate.xml，这里为了简单只用了基础的jdbc数据源，路径是src/spring-hibernate.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd   ">

<!-- 声明事务管理器 -->
<bean id="myHibTxManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<!-- 定义事务通知 -->
<tx:advice id="tx_Advice" transaction-manager="myHibTxManager">
<!-- 定义事务传播规则 -->
<tx:attributes>
<!-- 对get/load/search开头的方法应用只读事务规则 -->
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="search*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<!-- 对其他方法应用REQUIRED事务规则 -->
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<!-- 对com.zxpm.biz包下的所有类的所有方法都应用事务规则 -->
<aop:pointcut id="bizMethods"
expression="execution(* cn.zifangsky.service.*.*(..))" />
<!-- 将事务通知和切面组合 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="tx_Advice" pointcut-ref="bizMethods" />
</aop:config>

<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/zxpm" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="root" />
</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan">
<list>
<!-- 可以加多个包 -->
<value>cn.zifangsky.entity</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>

（4）加载bean配置文件spring-bean.xml，当然具体的一些bean将在下一环节中配置，路径：src/spring-bean.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd">

<bean id="usersDAO" class="cn.zifangsky.dao.UsersDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="userService" class="cn.zifangsky.service.UserService">
<property name="userDao" ref="usersDAO"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

六业务处理DAO,Service和Controller：（1）UsersDAO.java，在cn.zifangsky.dao这个包中：

package cn.zifangsky.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateCallback;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

import cn.zifangsky.entity.Users;

public class UsersDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport{
public List<Users> getAllUser(){
Object execute =  super.getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() {
public Object doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException {
String hql="from users";
Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

return query.list();
}
});

return (List<Users>) execute;
}
}

（2）UserService.java，在cn.zifangsky.service这个包中：

package cn.zifangsky.service;

import cn.zifangsky.dao.UsersDAO;

public class UserService {
private UsersDAO userDao;

public int userCount(){
return userDao.getAllUser().size();
}

public UsersDAO getUserDao() {
return userDao;
}

public void setUserDao(UsersDAO userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}

}

（3）UserController.java，在cn.zifangsky.controller这个包中：

package cn.zifangsky.controller;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import cn.zifangsky.service.UserService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

@Resource(name="userService")
private UserService service;

@RequestMapping(value="/manager",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView hello2(){
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("message", "HelloMVC");
mv.setViewName("user");
return mv;
}

@RequestMapping(value="/count",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView count(){

int c = service.userCount();

ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("message", c);
mv.setViewName("user");
return mv;
}
}

从上面的代码可以看出，定义了两个请求，分别是：http://localhost:8080/SpringDemo/user/manager 和 http://localhost:8080/SpringDemo/user/count ，分别返回一个字符串和users这个表中数据的条数。下面我们将对这两个请求进行测试七测试：测试结果如下：http://localhost:8080/SpringDemo/user/manager

http://localhost:8080/SpringDemo/user/count

可以看出，这个框架已经搭建成功了
注：如果在项目启动时报错的话，第一是检查配置文件中是不是有哪个地方写错了，第二是注意看下/WEB-INF/lib下有没有aopalliance.jar和aspectjweaver-1.5.4.jar这两个jar包。因为我刚开始时就是因为没有这两个jar包，在项目启动时各种报错，真的挺坑的

PS：参考文章：http://www.cnblogs.com/leiOOlei/p/3727859.html欢迎大家有时间来我个人独立博客（http://www.zifangsky.cn）踩踩

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标签： Spring Hibernate

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