码农小汪-struts2学习2-Structs2简单使用流程

从第一篇，我们简单的指导了，整个大致的流程之后我们可以创建使用一个简单的步骤需要知道涩。虽然现在的编译器已经给了我们足够好的支持，但是还是需要知道的涩。

structs2 简单的创建步骤

安装 Struts2的入口的配置文件，这个过滤器，让我们的整个框架在web上工作

filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

编写Action类而Struts2.x 的动作类需要从 com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport 类继承,然后需要重写他的方法execute，其实在接下来的过程中，我们会知道， 这个方法是默认执行的方法可以设置的，这里返回的字符串，就要去配置文件中寻找，得到一一对应的结果啦。小伙子慢慢来不要着急

public String execute() throws Exception
默认执行的，可以通过method进行设置

配置 Action 类，就是上面我们执行返回的结果，就是需要从这里获取哦，非常的重要，这里面可以配置很多的东西，比如拦截器，返回的是Json字符串，还有其他的一些。相应的根据ActionInvocation进行调用和执行哦

<package name="struts2" namespace="/"
extends="struts-default">
<action name="sum" class="action.FirstAction">
<result name="positive">/positive.jsp</result>
<result name="negative">/negative.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>

在标签中可以有多个，第一个可以指定一个 Servlet 访问路径（不包括动作名），如“/test”。 extends 属性继承一个默认的配置文件“ struts-default”，一般都继承于它，就是处理的拦截器。默认进行过滤处理，如果自定义拦截器，之后最后要引用

struct 栈 。

标签中的 name 属性表示动作名， class 表示动作类名。

标签的 name 实际上就是 execute 方法返回的字符串，如果返回的是“ positive”，就跳转到positive.jsp 页面，如果是“ negative”，就跳转到 negative.jsp 页面。

在中可以有多个，在中可以有多个。

<struts>
<bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory" name="struts"/>
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ResultFactory" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.factory.StrutsResultFactory" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ActionFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultActionFactory" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ConverterFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultConverterFactory" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.InterceptorFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultInterceptorFactory" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ValidatorFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultValidatorFactory" />

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManager" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.fs.DefaultFileManager" name="system" scope="singleton"/>
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManagerFactory" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.fs.DefaultFileManagerFactory" name="struts" scope="singleton"/>

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxyFactory"/>
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory" name="prefix" class="org.apache.struts2.impl.PrefixBasedActionProxyFactory"/>

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer"/>

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.WildcardHelper" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher" name="namedVariable" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.NamedVariablePatternMatcher"/>
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher" name="regex" class="org.apache.struts2.util.RegexPatternMatcher"/>

<bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.DefaultActionMapper" />
<bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="composite" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.CompositeActionMapper" />
<bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="restful" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.RestfulActionMapper" />
<bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="restful2" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.Restful2ActionMapper" />

<bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest" name="jakarta" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.JakartaMultiPartRequest" scope="default"/>

<bean type="org.apache.struts2.views.TagLibraryDirectiveProvider" name="s" class="org.apache.struts2.views.DefaultTagLibrary" />
<bean type="org.apache.struts2.views.TagLibraryModelProvider" name="s" class="org.apache.struts2.views.DefaultTagLibrary" />

<bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerThemeTemplateLoader" />
<bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager" name="struts" />
<bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.velocity.VelocityManager" name="struts" optional="true" />

<bean class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngineManager" />
<bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngine" name="ftl" class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.FreemarkerTemplateEngine" />
<bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngine" name="vm" class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.VelocityTemplateEngine" />
<bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngine" name="jsp" class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.JspTemplateEngine" />

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkConverter" />

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionPropertiesProcessor" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultConversionPropertiesProcessor" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionFileProcessor" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultConversionFileProcessor" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionAnnotationProcessor" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultConversionAnnotationProcessor" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultTypeConverterCreator" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterHolder" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultTypeConverterHolder" />

<bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkBasicConverter" />

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.CollectionConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.CollectionConverter" scope="singleton"/>
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.ArrayConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.ArrayConverter" scope="singleton"/>
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DateConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DateConverter" scope="singleton"/>
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.NumberConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.NumberConverter" scope="singleton"/>
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.StringConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.StringConverter" scope="singleton"/>

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProviderSupport" scope="default" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.LocaleProvider" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultLocaleProvider" scope="singleton" />

<bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.UrlRenderer" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.components.ServletUrlRenderer"/>
<bean type="org.apache.struts2.views.util.UrlHelper" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.views.util.DefaultUrlHelper"/>

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStackFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlValueStackFactory" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionProvider" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlReflectionProvider" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionContextFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlReflectionContextFactory" />

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider" name="system" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultTextProvider" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.NullHandler" name="java.lang.Object" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.InstantiatingNullHandler" />

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ActionValidatorManager" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.AnnotationActionValidatorManager" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ActionValidatorManager" name="no-annotations" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.DefaultActionValidatorManager" />

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidatorFactory" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.DefaultValidatorFactory"/>
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidatorFileParser" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.DefaultValidatorFileParser" />

<bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlUtil" />

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.TextParser" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.OgnlTextParser" scope="singleton"/>

<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.CompoundRoot" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.CompoundRootAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.lang.Object" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.ObjectAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Iterator" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkIteratorPropertyAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Enumeration" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkEnumerationAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.List" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkListPropertyAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Set" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkCollectionPropertyAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Map" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkMapPropertyAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Collection" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkCollectionPropertyAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.ObjectProxy" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.ObjectProxyPropertyAccessor" />

<bean type="ognl.MethodAccessor" name="java.lang.Object" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkMethodAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.MethodAccessor" name="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.CompoundRoot" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.CompoundRootAccessor" />

<bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.jsp.ui.OgnlTool" />

<bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StaticContentLoader" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.DefaultStaticContentLoader" name="struts" />
<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.UnknownHandlerManager" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultUnknownHandlerManager" name="struts" />

<!--  Silly workarounds for OGNL since there is currently no way to flush its internal caches -->
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.ArrayList" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkListPropertyAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.HashSet" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkCollectionPropertyAccessor" />
<bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.HashMap" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkMapPropertyAccessor" />

<package name="struts-default" abstract="true">
<result-types>
<result-type name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionChainResult"/>
<result-type name="dispatcher" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletDispatcherResult" default="true"/>
<result-type name="freemarker" class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerResult"/>
<result-type name="httpheader" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.HttpHeaderResult"/>
<result-type name="redirect" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletRedirectResult"/>
<result-type name="redirectAction" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletActionRedirectResult"/>
<result-type name="stream" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StreamResult"/>
<result-type name="velocity" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.VelocityResult"/>
<result-type name="xslt" class="org.apache.struts2.views.xslt.XSLTResult"/>
<result-type name="plainText" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.PlainTextResult" />
<result-type name="postback" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.PostbackResult" />
</result-types>

<interceptors>
<interceptor name="alias" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="autowiring" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.interceptor.ActionAutowiringInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="conversionError" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.StrutsConversionErrorInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="cookie" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CookieInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="cookieProvider" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CookieProviderInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="clearSession" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ClearSessionInterceptor" />
<interceptor name="createSession" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CreateSessionInterceptor" />
<interceptor name="debugging" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor" />
<interceptor name="execAndWait" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ExecuteAndWaitInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="exception" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="fileUpload" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="i18n" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="logger" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.LoggingInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="modelDriven" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="scopedModelDriven" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="params" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="actionMappingParams" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ActionMappingParametersInteceptor"/>
<interceptor name="prepare" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="staticParams" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="scope" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ScopeInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="servletConfig" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="timer" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.TimerInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="token" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.TokenInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="tokenSession" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.TokenSessionStoreInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="validation" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="workflow" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor"/>
<interceptor name="store" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MessageStoreInterceptor" />
<interceptor name="checkbox" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor" />
<interceptor name="profiling" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ProfilingActivationInterceptor" />
<interceptor name="roles" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RolesInterceptor" />
<interceptor name="annotationWorkflow" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.annotations.AnnotationWorkflowInterceptor" />
<interceptor name="multiselect" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor" />
<interceptor name="deprecation" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.DeprecationInterceptor" />

<!-- Basic stack -->
<interceptor-stack name="basicStack">
<interceptor-ref name="exception"/>
<interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/>
<interceptor-ref name="prepare"/>
<interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/>
<interceptor-ref name="multiselect"/>
<interceptor-ref name="actionMappingParams"/>
<interceptor-ref name="params">
<param name="excludeParams">dojo\..*,^struts\..*,^session\..*,^request\..*,^application\..*,^servlet(Request|Response)\..*,parameters\...*</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/>
<interceptor-ref name="deprecation"/>
</interceptor-stack>

<!-- Sample validation and workflow stack -->
<interceptor-stack name="validationWorkflowStack">
<interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>
<interceptor-ref name="validation"/>
<interceptor-ref name="workflow"/>
</interceptor-stack>

<!-- Sample file upload stack -->
<interceptor-stack name="fileUploadStack">
<interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/>
<interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>
</interceptor-stack>

<!-- Sample model-driven stack  -->
<interceptor-stack name="modelDrivenStack">
<interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/>
<interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>
</interceptor-stack>

<!-- Sample action chaining stack -->
<interceptor-stack name="chainStack">
<interceptor-ref name="chain"/>
<interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>
</interceptor-stack>

<!-- Sample i18n stack -->
<interceptor-stack name="i18nStack">
<interceptor-ref name="i18n"/>
<interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>
</interceptor-stack>

<!-- An example of the paramsPrepareParams trick. This stack
is exactly the same as the defaultStack, except that it
includes one extra interceptor before the prepare interceptor:
the params interceptor.

This is useful for when you wish to apply parameters directly
to an object that you wish to load externally (such as a DAO
or database or service layer), but can't load that object
until at least the ID parameter has been loaded. By loading
the parameters twice, you can retrieve the object in the
prepare() method, allowing the second params interceptor to
apply the values on the object. -->
<interceptor-stack name="paramsPrepareParamsStack">
<interceptor-ref name="exception"/>
<interceptor-ref name="alias"/>
<interceptor-ref name="i18n"/>
<interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/>
<interceptor-ref name="multiselect"/>
<interceptor-ref name="params">
<param name="excludeParams">^dojo\..*,^struts\..*,^session\..*,^request\..*,^application\..*,^servlet(Request|Response)\..*,^parameters\..*,^action:.*,^method:.*</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/>
<interceptor-ref name="prepare"/>
<interceptor-ref name="chain"/>
<interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/>
<interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/>
<interceptor-ref name="staticParams"/>
<interceptor-ref name="actionMappingParams"/>
<interceptor-ref name="params">
<param name="excludeParams">^dojo\..*,^struts\..*,^session\..*,^request\..*,^application\..*,^servlet(Request|Response)\..*,^parameters\..*,^action:.*,^method:.*</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/>
<interceptor-ref name="validation">
<param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="workflow">
<param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>
</interceptor-ref>
</interceptor-stack>

<!-- A complete stack with all the common interceptors in place.
Generally, this stack should be the one you use, though it
may do more than you need. Also, the ordering can be
switched around (ex: if you wish to have your servlet-related
objects applied before prepare() is called, you'd need to move
servletConfig interceptor up.

This stack also excludes from the normal validation and workflow
the method names input, back, and cancel. These typically are
associated with requests that should not be validated.
-->
<interceptor-stack name="defaultStack">
<interceptor-ref name="exception"/>
<interceptor-ref name="alias"/>
<interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/>
<interceptor-ref name="i18n"/>
<interceptor-ref name="prepare"/>
<interceptor-ref name="chain"/>
<interceptor-ref name="scopedModelDriven"/>
<interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/>
<interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/>
<interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/>
<interceptor-ref name="multiselect"/>
<interceptor-ref name="staticParams"/>
<interceptor-ref name="actionMappingParams"/>
<interceptor-ref name="params">
<param name="excludeParams">^dojo\..*,^struts\..*,^session\..*,^request\..*,^application\..*,^servlet(Request|Response)\..*,^parameters\..*,^action:.*,^method:.*</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/>
<interceptor-ref name="validation">
<param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="workflow">
<param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="debugging"/>
<interceptor-ref name="deprecation"/>
</interceptor-stack>

<!-- The completeStack is here for backwards compatibility for
applications that still refer to the defaultStack by the
old name -->
<interceptor-stack name="completeStack">
<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>
</interceptor-stack>

<!-- Sample execute and wait stack.
Note: execAndWait should always be the *last* interceptor. -->
<interceptor-stack name="executeAndWaitStack">
<interceptor-ref name="execAndWait">
<param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>
<interceptor-ref name="execAndWait">
<param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel</param>
</interceptor-ref>
</interceptor-stack>

</interceptors>

<default-interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>

<default-class-ref class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport" />
</package>

</struts>

如果你仔细的看看的话其实就会发现，他的拦截器就在那个default里面的，这里面在我们的自定义拦截器的时候，很多地方都是非常的有用的，在我们安装包的目录下的，慢慢的就好发现的，找不到百度就好了！

这个简单的方式就创建好了我们的第一个struct2的流程，其实还是可以慢慢的体会整个过程。