Oracle Linux 6.5 安装Oracle 11G 配置

Oracle Linux 6.5 安装Oracle 11G 配置安装环境准备

vi /etc/selinux/config-------永久关闭selinux

SELINUX=disabled--------然后重启服务器

setenforce 0 命令设置临时关闭

iptables -F 临时关闭防火墙

chkconfig iptables off 重启永久关闭防火墙

0-. 开始安装基础包(放入光盘、或挂载ISO文件)

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

cd /mnt/cdrom/Server/Packages

rpm -Uvh binutils-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-2*x86_64* nss-softokn-freebl-3*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-2*i686* nss-softokn-freebl-3*i686*

rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*i686*

rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh gcc-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh ksh-*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libaio-0*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libaio-0*i686*

rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*i686*

rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*i686*

rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*i686*

rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh make-3.81*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-2*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh sysstat-9*x86_64*

rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*i686*

rpm -Uvh compat-libcap*

(1) 确认安装以下包

# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-gcc-34-c++ elfutils-libelf

elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel

glibc-headers kernel-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libgomp

libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat numactl-devel unixODBC

unixODBC-devel openmotif22 openmotif compat-db libXp

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686

package compat-gcc-34-c++ is not installed

elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64

gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

gcc-c++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64

glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.i686

glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64

glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64

glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686

glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64

kernel-headers-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

ksh-20120801-10.el6.x86_64

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.i686

libgomp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.i686

libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64

sysstat-9.0.4-22.el6.x86_64

numactl-devel-2.0.7-8.el6.x86_64

package unixODBC is not installed

package unixODBC-devel is not installed

package openmotif22 is not installed

package openmotif is not installed

package compat-db is not installed

package libXp is not installed

(2) 安装相关包

# rpm -ivh compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.x86_64.rpm compat-db42-4.2.52-15.el6.x86_64.rpm compat-db43-4.3.29-15.el6.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivh compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivh openmotif-2.3.3-6.1.el6_4.x86_64.rpm openmotif22-2.2.3-19.el6.x86_64.rpm libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

(3) 替换sqlplus工具

http://dl.download.csdn.net/down10/20111228/66a6d914247bd616310ce512426efd3e.gz?response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%2A%3D%22utf8%27%27rlwrap-0.37.tar.gz%5C%20%22&OSSAccessKeyId=9q6nvzoJGowBj4q1&Expires=1458270987&Signature=EyMCuYECIIEmUjOnX7haL7qMHbU%3D

# tar zxvf rlwrap-0.37.tar.gz

# cd rlwrap-0.36

# ./configure

# make

# make check

# make install

0-1. 创建oracle安装相关用户组及用户帐号

1）创建oinstall,dba组和oracle用户(用root身份)

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

passwd oracle

2）创建Oralce HOME目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chmod -R 775 /u01/app

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

1. 修改内核支持

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 4194304

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

加载后报错 sysctl -p-----解决方法

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables" is an unknown key

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables" is an unknown key

error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables" is an unknown key

3个参数依赖于bridge模块，该模块如果没有加载则会现上面的输出错误 ------参数不明白……

加载模块即可解决

modprobe bridge

lsmod|grep bridge

在重新加载 sysctl -p

2. 修改文件描述符

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

EOF

3. 修改登陆认证模块

cat >> /etc/pam.d/login << EOF

session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

EOF

4. 修改本地hosts文件

# vi /etc/hosts

192.168.31.19 hostname

5. 修改Oracle用户环境变量

(1) 配置系统环境变量，加入到最后。

cat >> /etc/profile << EOF

if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

EOF

(2) 配置oracle环境变量

# su - oracle

cat >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile << EOF

export EDITOR=vi

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH

export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK"

export LANG=en_US

export LC_ALL=en_US

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/lib:/usr/lib:\$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export CLASSPATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:\$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"

alias rman="rlwrap rman"

umask 022

EOF

重新加载 source .bash_profile

6.解压数据库

cd /tool

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

chmod -R 777 /tool/database

7.安装Oracle 11G数据库--------重启服务器 init6 或者 reboot

以oracle用户登陆 密码:HanZheng.123

cd /tool/database

./runInstaller

去掉I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Surrport选项，点击Next。



选择Install database software only，点击Next。



选择Single instance database installation，点击Next。




在Available Languages中点选English、Simplified Chinese、Traditional Chinese，点击两个框中间的>，

将选中的语言加入到右边的Selected Languages中，然后点击Next。



按照实际情况，选择企业版本，如下图



填写Oracle的软件路径和基本路径，如下图：



选择安装日志目录，如下图所示：



选择dba组



继续下一步安装操作



可以忽略，因为CentOS版本较高，所以11g check的时候不识别高版本lib包



继续安装



安装中，这个时间比较漫长



需要等待中，大概20分钟左右

点击OK，继续



然后点击close，结束



最后要在root执行以下两条脚本

# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

8. 创建数据库

$ dbca

# 选择gernel purpose，在SID和全局名称中，选择你在.bash_profile中创建的SID.

# 数据库的字符集选项中选择ZHS16GBK, 其它默认OK,完成.



Database Configuration Assistant图形界面启动。标题同时指明了步骤的编号和步骤的名称。在步骤名称为Welcome的

欢迎窗口，直接点击next。



等待下一步NEXT



选择Custom Database



，Global Database Name框：输入前面确定的数据库名SID框：自动出现和数据库名相同的内容作为数据库实例名，

单实例情况下不作改动



继续默认



Database Credentials

Use Different Administrative Passwords表格的Password和Confirm Password列中分别为User Name列

SYS、SYSTEM、DBSNMP和SYSMAN用户输入口令并重复一次输入（如密码设置过于简单，下一步前会有

弹出窗口提示确认接受安全风险）sys和system密码设置可以在数据库建立后修改。



密码为HanZheng.123

Database File LocationsStorage Locations：选择Use Common Location for All Database FilesDatabase File Location

框：输入/Oracle/data_ora



Recovery ConfigurationSpecify Fast Recovery Area如果前面Management Options步骤选择了自动备份，

则保留勾选，并在下方：Fast Recovery Area框：修改为快速恢复区的目录名Fast Recovery Area Size框：

调整快速恢复区的大小



Enable Archiving根据是否归档日志的实际需求决定是否选择（重要的生产系统必须打开归档，测试系统一般关闭归

档节省服务器空间）点击旁边的Edit Archive Mode Parameters…，在弹出窗口中：Automatic Archiving：保持默认

勾选Archive Log File Format框：修改为%t_%s_%r.arcArchive Log Destinations表格：第一行中输入

/Oracle/data_ora/archive点击OK返回主窗口Database ContentDatabase Components页面

Initialization Parameters，内存分配20%（测试库所以分小一些，生产库可以分配较大的比如40%60%等），

字符集选择兼容utf8的选项





点击File Location Variables，里面可以看到一些基础参数信息，返回，然后直接下一步，如下图所示：




选择Generate Database Creation Scripts，默认为 /oracle/app/oracle/admin/powerdes/scripts，如下图：



点击Finish按钮，如下图所示：



点击OK按钮，有报错说/etc/oratab读取错误，报错如下图所示





所以去建立下这个目录

[root@powerlong4 rpms]# mkdir /etc/oratab

[root@powerlong4 rpms]# chown -R
Oracle.oinstall /etc/oratab

之后点击OK按钮，开始创建数据库，如下图所示：



等待35分钟后，数据库创建完毕，之后点击，如下所示：



创建监听服务

su - oracle

$ netca # 参数一律默认即可

$ ps -ef |grep ora_

启动Oracle数据库----------------sqlplus登录到数据库

[oracle@hostname ]$ sqlplus / as sysdba 登陆oracle

SQL> startup //起动数据库

起动监听服务

[oracle@hostname ]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin //进入oracle安装目录

[oracle@hostname bin]$ lsnrctl start //起动监听

9，验证数据库

[oracle@powerlong4 ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jan 24 14:51:10 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> create table z_test(id number,name varchar(20));

Table created.

SQL> insert into z_test select 1,'a' from dual;

1 row created.

SQL> select * from z_test;

ID NAME

---------- ----------------------------------------

1 a

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options