Struts1的基本配置

要学习struts1，先了解struts1的特性和注意的事项：

1.struts1中是使用抽象类而不是接口，因此开发Action类继承一个抽象的基类；

2. struts1的Action是单例模式，并且必须是线程安全的，因为只有Action的一个实例来处理所有的请求，所以在开发的时候要格外小心，Action资源必须是线程安全的或同步的；

3. Struts1 Action的主要是通过execute（）方法暴露了Servlet API，这样就不许使用第三方的容器，比如Tomcat，weblogic，JBoss等；

4. struts的Action依赖于Servlet API，当Action被调用时，HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse被传递给执行方法；

5. Struts1 使用ActionForm对象捕获输入。所有的ActionForm必须继承一个基类。因为其他JavaBean不能用作ActionForm，开发者经常创建多余的类捕获输入。

项目配置：

一. 新建一个web项目。

二. 导入struts1需要的lib包：



三. 拷贝struts1案例项目下的web.xml和struts-config.xml配置文件到WEB-INF下

四. 配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE web-app
PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.2//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2_2.dtd">

<web-app>
<display-name>Struts Blank Application</display-name>

<!-- 所有的*.do的anction都交给了这个ActionServlet来处理 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 初始化引入配置文件 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>2</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- The Usual Welcome File List -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

五. 配置struts-config.xml文件（以一个注册页面为例）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>

<form-beans>

</form-beans>

<!-- 全局跳转 -->
<global-forwards>
<forward name="error" path="/ErrorPage.jsp"></forward>
</global-forwards>

<action-mappings>

</action-mappings>

</struts-config>

六. 在第五步只要导入基本的配置在第六步是建立Action和相应的ActionForm（以注册为例）

Action：

package action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import form
4000
.RegisterActionForm;

public class RegisterAction extends Action{

public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception {

RegisterActionForm actionForm = (RegisterActionForm)form;
String userName = actionForm.getUserName();
String passWord = actionForm.getPassWord();

if(userName != null && !"".equals(userName) && passWord != null && !"".equals(passWord)){
System.out.println("后台收到用户名-->> "+actionForm.getUserName());
System.out.println("后台收到用密码-->> "+actionForm.getPassWord());
return (mapping.findForward("success"));
}else{
//      return new ActionForward("/default");
return (mapping.findForward("default"));
}
}
}

ActionForm：

package form;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

public class RegisterActionForm extends ActionForm{

private String userName;
private String passWord;

public void init(){
userName = null;
passWord = null;
}

public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassWord() {
return passWord;
}
public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
this.passWord = passWord;
}

}

七 . 把Action和FormBean配置到struts-config.xml中：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>

<form-beans>
<form-bean name="RegisterActionForm" type="form.RegisterActionForm"></form-bean>
</form-beans>

<!-- 全局跳转 -->
<global-forwards>
<forward name="error" path="/ErrorPage.jsp"></forward>
</global-forwards>

<action-mappings>

<action name="RegisterActionForm" path="/register" scope="request" type="action.RegisterAction">
<forward name="default" path="/WEB-INF/register.jsp" redirect="false"></forward>
<forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/success.jsp" redirect="false"></forward>
</action>

</action-mappings>

</struts-config>

八. 建立JSP页面：

<%@ page pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@ page errorPage="ErrorPage.jsp" %>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" %>
<%@ page import="form.RegisterActionForm" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>注册页面</title>

<style type="text/css">
.reg_div{
background-color: #92DCF8;
margin:auto;
margin-top:15%;
height: 200px;
width: 350px;
}

.reg_table{
text-align: center;
margin: auto;
padding-top: 15%;
}

</style>

<script type="text/javascript" src="script/jquery-1.4.2.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

function submitPb(){
var f = document.theForm;
var userName = f.userName.value;
var passWord = f.passWord.value;
if($.trim(userName).length == 0 || $.trim(passWord).length == 0){
alert("用户名和密码不能为空!");
return false;
}
f.submit();
}
</script>
</head>

<body>

<form name="theForm" method="post" action="register.do">
<div class="reg_div">
<table class="reg_table">
<tr>
<td>帐号:</td>
<td colspan="2"><input type="text" name="userName"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<td colspan="2"><input type="password" name="passWord"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><input type="button" value="提交" onclick="submitPb();"/></td>
<td><input type="reset" value="重置"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</form>

</body>
</html>

<%@ page pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@ page errorPage="ErrorPage.jsp" %>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" %>
<%@ page import="form.RegisterActionForm" %>

<%
RegisterActionForm form = (RegisterActionForm)pageContext.findAttribute("RegisterActionForm");
%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>提交结果</title>

<style type="text/css">
.reg_div{
background-color: #92DCF8;
margin:auto;
margin-top:15%;
height: 200px;
width: 350px;
}

.reg_table{
text-align: center;
margin: auto;
padding-top: 20%;
}

</style>

<script type="text/javascript">

</script>
</head>

<body>

<form name="theForm" method="post" action="register.do">
<div class="reg_div">
<table class="reg_table">
<tr>
<td>输入的帐号是:</td>
<td><%=form.getUserName() %></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>输入的密码是:</td>
<td><%=form.getPassWord() %></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</form>

</body>
</html>