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Spring Security 3.x 完整入门教程

2016-03-16 14:53 573 查看

1，建一个web project，并导入所有需要的lib，这步就不多讲了。

2，配置web.xml，使用Spring的机制装载：

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

< web-app version ="2.4" xmlns ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"

xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" >

< context-param >

< param-name > contextConfigLocation </ param-name >

< param-value > classpath:applicationContext*.xml </ param-value >

</ context-param >

< listener >

< listener-class >

org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener

</ listener-class >

</ listener >

< filter >

< filter-name > springSecurityFilterChain </ filter-name >

< filter-class >

org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy

</ filter-class >

</ filter >

< filter-mapping >

< filter-name > springSecurityFilterChain </ filter-name >

< url-pattern > /* </ url-pattern >

</ filter-mapping >

< welcome-file-list >

< welcome-file > login.jsp </ welcome-file >

</ welcome-file-list >

</ web-app >

这个文件中的内容我相信大家都很熟悉了，不再多说了。

2，来看看applicationContext-security.xml这个配置文件，关于Spring Security的配置均在其中：

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

< beans:beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"

xmlns:beans ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/security

http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.0.xsd" >

< http access-denied-page ="/403.jsp" >

< intercept-url pattern ="/login.jsp" filters ="none" />

< form-login login-page ="/login.jsp"

authentication-failure-url ="/login.jsp?error=true"

default-target-url ="/index.jsp" />

< logout logout-success-url ="/login.jsp" />

< http-basic />

< custom-filter before ="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"

ref ="myFilter" />

</ http >

<!-- 一个自定义的filter，必须包含authenticationManager,accessDecisionManager,securityMetadataSource三个属性，

我们的所有控制将在这三个类中实现，解释详见具体配置 -->

< beans:bean id ="myFilter" class ="com. user.erp.fwk.security.MyFilterSecurityInterceptor" >

< beans:property name ="authenticationManager"

ref ="authenticationManager" />

< beans:property name ="accessDecisionManager"

ref ="myAccessDecisionManagerBean" />

< beans:property name ="securityMetadataSource"

ref ="securityMetadataSource" />

</ beans:bean >

< authentication-manager alias ="authenticationManager" >

< authentication-provider

user-service-ref ="myUserDetailService" >

<!-- 如果用户的密码采用加密的话，可以加点“盐”

<password-encoder hash="md5" />

-->

</ authentication-provider >

</ authentication-manager >

< beans:bean id ="myUserDetailService"

class ="com. user.erp.fwk.security.MyUserDetailService" />

< beans:bean id ="myAccessDecisionManagerBean"

class ="com. user.erp.fwk.security.MyAccessDecisionManager" >

</ beans:bean >

< beans:bean id ="securityMetadataSource"

class ="com. user.erp.fwk.security.MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource" />

</ beans:beans >

3，来看看自定义filter的实现：

package com. user.erp.fwk.security;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;

import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource;

import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor;

import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.InterceptorStatusToken;

import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;

import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;

public class MyFilterSecurityInterceptor extends AbstractSecurityInterceptor

implements Filter {

private FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;

// ~ Methods

// ========================================================================================================

/**

* Method that is actually called by the filter chain. Simply delegates to

* the { @link #invoke(FilterInvocation)} method.

* @param request

* the servlet request

* @param response

* the servlet response

* @param chain

* the filter chain

* @throws IOException

* if the filter chain fails

* @throws ServletException

* if the filter chain fails

public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,

FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);

invoke(fi);

}

public FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource getSecurityMetadataSource() {

return this .securityMetadataSource;

}

public Class <? extends Object > getSecureObjectClass() {

return FilterInvocation. class ;

}

public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException,

ServletException {

InterceptorStatusToken token = super .beforeInvocation(fi);

try {

fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());

} finally {

super .afterInvocation(token, null );

}

public SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource() {

return this .securityMetadataSource;

}

public void setSecurityMetadataSource(

FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource newSource) {

this .securityMetadataSource = newSource;

}

@Override

public void destroy() {

}

@Override

public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {

}

}

最核心的代码就是invoke方法中的InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);这一句，即在执行doFilter之前，进行权限的检查，而具体的实现已经交给 accessDecisionManager了，下文中会讲述。

4，来看看authentication-provider的实现：

package com. user.erp.fwk.security;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Collection;

import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;

import org.springframework.security.core.authority.GrantedAuthorityImpl;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;

public class MyUserDetailService implements UserDetailsService {

@Override

public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username)

throws UsernameNotFoundException, DataAccessException {

Collection < GrantedAuthority > auths = new ArrayList < GrantedAuthority > ();

GrantedAuthorityImpl auth2 = new GrantedAuthorityImpl( " ROLE_ADMIN " );

auths.add(auth2);

if (username.equals( " user1 " )) {

auths = new ArrayList < GrantedAuthority > ();

GrantedAuthorityImpl auth1 = new GrantedAuthorityImpl( " ROLE_ user" );

auths.add(auth1);

}

// User(String username, String password, boolean enabled, boolean accountNonExpired,

// boolean credentialsNonExpired, boolean accountNonLocked, Collection<GrantedAuthority> authorities) {

User user = new User(username,

" user" , true , true , true , true , auths);

return user;

}

}

在这个类中，你就可以从数据库中读入用户的密码，角色信息，是否锁定，账号是否过期等，我想这么简单的代码就不再多解释了。

5，对于资源的访问权限的定义，我们通过实现FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource这个接口来初始化数据。

package com. user.erp.fwk.security;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Collection;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;

import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;

import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;

import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;

import org.springframework.security.web.util.AntUrlPathMatcher;

import org.springframework.security.web.util.UrlMatcher;

/**

* 此类在初始化时，应该取到所有资源及其对应角色的定义

* @author user

public class MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource

implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {

private UrlMatcher urlMatcher = new AntUrlPathMatcher();;

private static Map < String, Collection < ConfigAttribute >> resourceMap = null ;

public MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource() {

loadResourceDefine();

}

private void loadResourceDefine() {

resourceMap = new HashMap < String, Collection < ConfigAttribute >> ();

Collection < ConfigAttribute > atts = new ArrayList < ConfigAttribute > ();

ConfigAttribute ca = new SecurityConfig( " ROLE_ADMIN " );

atts.add(ca);

resourceMap.put( " /index.jsp " , atts);

resourceMap.put( " /i.jsp " , atts);

}

// According to a URL, Find out permission configuration of this URL.

public Collection < ConfigAttribute > getAttributes(Object object)

throws IllegalArgumentException {

// guess object is a URL.

String url = ((FilterInvocation)object).getRequestUrl();

Iterator < String > ite = resourceMap.keySet().iterator();

while (ite.hasNext()) {

String resURL = ite.next();

if (urlMatcher.pathMatchesUrl(url, resURL)) {

return resourceMap.get(resURL);

}

return null ;

}

public boolean supports(Class <?> clazz) {

return true ;

}

public Collection < ConfigAttribute > getAllConfigAttributes() {

return null ;

}

}

看看loadResourceDefine方法，我在这里，假定index.jsp和i.jsp这两个资源，需要ROLE_ADMIN角色的用户才能访问。

这个类中，还有一个最核心的地方，就是提供某个资源对应的权限定义，即getAttributes方法返回的结果。注意，我例子中使用的是 AntUrlPathMatcher这个path matcher来检查URL是否与资源定义匹配，事实上你还要用正则的方式来匹配，或者自己实现一个matcher。

6，剩下的就是最终的决策了，make a decision，其实也很容易，呵呵。

package com. user.erp.fwk.security;

import java.util.Collection;

import java.util.Iterator;

import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager;

import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;

import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;

import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;

import org.springframework.security.authentication.InsufficientAuthenticationException;

import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;

import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;

public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {

// In this method, need to compare authentication with configAttributes.

// 1, A object is a URL, a filter was find permission configuration by this URL, and pass to here.

// 2, Check authentication has attribute in permission configuration (configAttributes)

// 3, If not match corresponding authentication, throw a AccessDeniedException.

public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,

Collection < ConfigAttribute > configAttributes)

throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {

if (configAttributes == null ) {

return ;

}

System.out.println(object.toString()); // object is a URL.

Iterator < ConfigAttribute > ite = configAttributes.iterator();

while (ite.hasNext()) {

ConfigAttribute ca = ite.next();

String needRole = ((SecurityConfig)ca).getAttribute();

for (GrantedAuthority ga:authentication.getAuthorities()) {

if (needRole.equals(ga.getAuthority())) { // ga is user's role.

return ;

}

throw new AccessDeniedException( " no right " );

}

@Override

public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

return true ;

}

@Override

public boolean supports(Class <?> clazz) {

return true ;

}

在这个类中，最重要的是decide方法，如果不存在对该资源的定义，直接放行；否则，如果找到正确的角色，即认为拥有权限，并放行，否则throw new AccessDeniedException("no right");这样，就会进入上面提到的403.jsp页面。

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