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spring mvc 2

2016-03-10 00:00 393 查看

Model model,HttpServletRequest request, ModelMap map声明变量

request.getSession().setAttribute("test", "haiwei2Session"); request.setAttribute("test", "haiwei1request"); map.addAttribute("test", "haiweiModelMap"); model.addAttribute("test", "haiweiModel");
我通过${test}这个方式取值,优先取Model和ModelMap的,Model和ModelMap是同一个东西,谁最后赋值的就取谁的,然后是request,最后是从session中获取

第一个Controller:

package com.minx.crm.web.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller

public class IndexController {

@RequestMapping("/index")

public String index() {

return "index";

}

}

package com.minx.crm.web.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller public class IndexController {     @RequestMapping("/index")     public String index() {         return "index";     } }

@Controller 注解标识一个控制器,@RequestMapping注解标记一个访问的路径(/index.htm),return "index"标记返回视图(index.jsp);
注:如果@RequestMapping注解在类级别上,则表示一相对路径,在方法级别上,则标记访问的路径;
从@RequestMapping注解标记的访问路径中获取参数:
Spring MVC 支持RESTful风格的URL参数,如:

@Controller

public class IndexController {

@RequestMapping("/index/{username}")

public String index(<span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">@PathVariable</span>("username") String username) {

System.out.print(username);

return "index";

}

}

@Controller public class IndexController {     @RequestMapping("/index/{username}")     public String index(@PathVariable("username") String username) {         System.out.print(username);         return "index";     } }

在@RequestMapping中定义访问页面的URL模版,使用{}传入页面参数,使用@PathVariable 获取传入参数,即可通过地址:http://localhost:8080/crm/index/tanqimin.htm 访问;
根据不同的Web请求方法,映射到不同的处理方法:
使用登陆页面作示例,定义两个方法分辨对使用GET请求和使用POST请求访问login.htm时的响应。可以使用处理GET请求的方法显示视图,使用POST请求的方法处理业务逻辑;

@Controller

public class LoginController {

@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public String login() {

return "login";

}

@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String login2(HttpServletRequest request) {

String username = request.getParameter("username").trim();

System.out.println(username);

return "login2";

}

}

@Controller
public class LoginController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String login() {
return "login";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String login2(HttpServletRequest request) {
String username = request.getParameter("username").trim();
System.out.println(username);
return "login2";
}
}

在视图页面,通过地址栏访问login.htm,是通过GET请求访问页面,因此,返回登陆表单视图login.jsp;当在登陆表单中使用POST请求提交数据时,则访问login2方法,处理登陆业务逻辑;
防止重复提交数据,可以使用重定向视图:

return "redirect:/login2"

return "redirect:/login2"

可以传入方法的参数类型:

strong>@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String testParam(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) {

String username = request.getParameter("username");

System.out.println(username);

return null;

}</strong>

@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String testParam(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
System.out.println(username);
return null;
}

可以传入HttpServletRequest、HttpServletResponse、HttpSession,值得注意的是,如果第一次访问页面,HttpSession没被创建,可能会出错;
其中,String username = request.getParameter("username");可以转换为传入的参数:

@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String testParam(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session,@RequestParam("username") String username) {

String username = request.getParameter("username");

System.out.println(username);

return null;

}

@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String testParam(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session,@RequestParam("username") String username) { String username = request.getParameter("username"); System.out.println(username); return null; }


使用@RequestParam 注解获取GET请求或POST请求提交的参数;
获取Cookie的值:使用@CookieValue :
获取printwriter:
可以直接在Controller的方法中传入PrintWriter对象,就可以在方法中使用:

@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String testParam(PrintWriter out, <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">@RequestParam</span>("username") String username) {

out.println(username);

return null;

}

@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String testParam(PrintWriter out, @RequestParam("username") String username) { out.println(username); return null; }


获取表单中提交的值,并封装到POJO中,传入Controller的方法里:
POJO如下(User.java):

public class User{

private long id;

private String username;

private String password;

…此处省略getter,setter...

}

public class User{ private long id; private String username; private String password; …此处省略getter,setter... }


通过表单提交,直接可以把表单值封装到User对象中:

@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String testParam(PrintWriter out, User user) {

out.println(user.getUsername());

return null;

}

@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String testParam(PrintWriter out, User user) { out.println(user.getUsername()); return null; }


可以把对象,put 入获取的Map对象中,传到对应的视图:

<strong>@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String testParam(User user, Map model) {

model.put("user",user);

return "view";

}</strong>

@RequestMapping(value = "login", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String testParam(User user, Map model) { model.put("user",user); return "view"; }


在返回的view.jsp中,就可以根据key来获取user的值(通过EL表达式,${user }即可);
Controller中方法的返回值:
void:多数用于使用PrintWriter输出响应数据;
String 类型:返回该String对应的View Name;
任意类型对象:
返回ModelAndView:
自定义视图(JstlView,ExcelView):

拦截器(Inteceptors):

<strong>public class MyInteceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object o)

throws Exception {

return false;

}

public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object o, ModelAndView mav)

throws Exception {

}

public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object o, Exception excptn)

throws Exception {

}

}</strong>

public class MyInteceptor implements HandlerInterceptor { public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object o)  throws Exception { return false; } public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object o, ModelAndView mav)  throws Exception { } public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object o, Exception excptn)  throws Exception { } }


拦截器需要实现HandleInterceptor接口,并实现其三个方法:
preHandle:拦截器的前端,执行控制器之前所要处理的方法,通常用于权限控制、日志,其中,Object o表示下一个拦截器;
postHandle:控制器的方法已经执行完毕,转换成视图之前的处理;
afterCompletion:视图已处理完后执行的方法,通常用于释放资源;
在MVC的配置文件中,配置拦截器与需要拦截的URL:

<mvc:interceptors>

<mvc:interceptor>

<mvc:mapping path="/index.htm" />

<bean class="com.minx.crm.web.interceptor.MyInterceptor" />

</mvc:interceptor>

</mvc:interceptors>

<mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/index.htm" /> <bean class="com.minx.crm.web.interceptor.MyInterceptor" /> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors>


国际化:

在MVC配置文件中,配置国际化属性文件:

<bean id="messageSource"

class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource"

p:basename="message">

</bean>

<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource" p:basename="message"> </bean>


那么,Spring就会在项目中搜索相关的国际化属性文件,如:message.properties、message_zh_CN.properties
在VIEW中,引入Spring标签:<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags" prefix="spring" %>,使用<spring:message code="key" />调用,即可;
如果一种语言,有多个语言文件,可以更改MVC配置文件为:

<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">

<property name="basenames">

<list>

<value>message01</value>

<value>message02</value>

<value>message03</value>

</list>

</property>

</bean>
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