springmvc的一个小例子学习（一）

个人觉得,学框架最好的 方法无外乎两个：一个是实践这个框架，真实的去用它，比如spring框架，先搭一个简单的spring项目，然后一步一步得去丰富它，从中学到spring框架的精髓和知识；另外一个就是看源码了，这个被无数大神推荐过，不过他需要一定的能力（至少你要有一定的设计模式的知识积累和足够牛的java coding能力）。

今天就简单实现一下springmvc：

首先，创建一个maven-archetype-webapp项目,路径图如下：



首先是pom文件，导入需要的jar包：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.xuejupo</groupId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>test Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>3.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12-beta-3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- spring 的基本依赖 开始 -->

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring 的基本依赖 结束 -->
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>test</finalName>
</build>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
</project>

然后是web.xml文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.xuejupo</groupId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>test Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>3.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12-beta-3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>

<!-- spring 的基本依赖 开始 -->

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring 的基本依赖 结束 -->
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>test</finalName>
</build>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
</project>

dispatcher_cainiao.xml：（这就是mvc中的c，控制层）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd"> 
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> -->
<context:component-scan base-package="controller" />

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
</bean>
</beans>

user类：（mvc中的m，模型层）

package com.test.beans;

/**
*  User : 用户bean
* @author xuejupo  jpxue@travelsky.com
*
* create in 2016-3-1 下午4:23:16
*/

public class User {
public final String getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public final void setUserId(String userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public final String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public final void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public final String getPasswd() {
return passwd;
}
public final void setPasswd(String passwd) {
this.passwd = passwd;
}
public final String getInfo() {
return info;
}
public final void setInfo(String info) {
this.info = info;
}
private String userId;

private String userName;

private String passwd;

private String info;

@Override
public String toString(){
return "用户名：\r\n"+this.userName + "用户密码：\r\n"+this.passwd + "用户的信息：\r\n"+ this.info;
}
}

控制器DispatcherController（和dispatcher_cainiao.xml文件一起组成控制层，控制着传入的url应该使用哪部分代码逻辑和使用哪个model层）：

package controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.test.beans.User;

/**
* DispatcherController:
* @author xuejupo  jpxue@travelsky.com
*
* create in 2016-3-1 下午3:35:13
*
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("demo")
public class DispatcherController {
@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String printWelcome(ModelMap model) {
User user = new User();
user.setInfo("哈哈，我是唯一的用户！");
user.setUserName("我是老大!");
user.setPasswd("不告诉你！");
model.addAttribute("str0121", "我去，成功了呀！！！");
model.addAttribute("info","当前用户信息为：");
model.addAttribute("user", user);
System.out.println("index.jsp");
return "index";
}
}

index.jsp（mvc中的v层，展示层，负责向前端展示结果，直接和用户打交道的层）

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>

<body>
<c:out value="${str0121}"></c:out>
<p>
<c:out value="${info}"></c:out>
<p>
<c:out value="${user}"></c:out>
</body>
</html>

然后url中输入：http://localhost:8080/test/demo

结果：



PS:搭建过程中出了两个bug。

1. 因为我用的是jboss，在发布的时候出了这个错：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not detect JBoss VFS infrastructure

网上查询是spring4去掉了对jboss的VFS支持。。。。 所以我的pom里面用的都是spring3.

2.No mapping found for HTTP request with URI

在pom里加入这个依赖：

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>

<version>${spring.version}</version>

</dependency>

就解决了。。 原因暂时不明，网上查询spring-tx提供事务管理功能，提供对JAO和DAO功能的支持。但是具体为啥还未知，欢迎大神留言告知。。。

今天暂只更新这些，下次再具体分析各个配置文件的作用和访问的具体流程。

PS:欢迎转载，转载请标明出处：/article/5235980.html