java利用snmp4j包来读取snmp协议数据

java利用snmp4j包来读取snmp协议数据，很简单的一个流程，就是利用java来读取运行snmp协议的数据，例如服务器、PC机或者路由器等运行了snmp协议的设备。

snmp协议是什么呢？

简单网络管理协议（SNMP），由一组网络管理的标准组成，包含一个 应用层 协议（application
layer protocol）、 数据库模型 （database
schema）和一组资源对象。该协议能够支持 网络管理系统 ，用以监测连接到网络上的设备是否有任何引起管理上关注的情况。该协议是互联网工程工作小组（IETF，Internet
Engineering Task Force）定义的internet协议簇的一部分。SNMP的目标是管理 互联网 Internet上众多厂家生产的软硬件平台，因此SNMP受Internet标准 网络管理 框架的影响也很大。SNMP已经出到第三个版本的协议，其功能较以前已经大大地加强和改进了。

上面是百度百科上对于snmp的一个定义，其实很简单，就是用来管理网络、查看网络信息的一种协议。

那么如何在本机上开启snmp协议呢？非常简单，可以参考一篇文章： 开启snmp协议 ，其中要注意的地方就是，在开启后，还要到服务里面给snmp协议添加public权限。

package com.test.snmp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.snmp4j.CommunityTarget;
import org.snmp4j.PDU;
import org.snmp4j.Snmp;
import org.snmp4j.TransportMapping;
import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseEvent;
import org.snmp4j.event.ResponseListener;
import org.snmp4j.mp.SnmpConstants;
import org.snmp4j.smi.Address;
import org.snmp4j.smi.GenericAddress;
import org.snmp4j.smi.Integer32;
import org.snmp4j.smi.Null;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OID;
import org.snmp4j.smi.OctetString;
import org.snmp4j.smi.VariableBinding;
import org.snmp4j.transport.DefaultUdpTransportMapping;

/**
* 演示： GET单个OID值
*
* blog http://www.micmiu.com *
* @author Michael
*/
public class SnmpData {

public static final int DEFAULT_VERSION = SnmpConstants.version2c;
public static final String DEFAULT_PROTOCOL = "udp";
public static final int DEFAULT_PORT = 161;
public static final long DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 3 * 1000L;
public static final int DEFAULT_RETRY = 3;

/**
* 创建对象communityTarget，用于返回target
*
* @param targetAddress
* @param community
* @param version
* @param timeOut
* @param retry
* @return CommunityTarget
*/
public static CommunityTarget createDefault(String ip, String community) {
Address address = GenericAddress.parse(DEFAULT_PROTOCOL + ":" + ip
+ "/" + DEFAULT_PORT);
CommunityTarget target = new CommunityTarget();
target.setCommunity(new OctetString(community));
target.setAddress(address);
target.setVersion(DEFAULT_VERSION);
target.setTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT); // milliseconds
target.setRetries(DEFAULT_RETRY);
return target;
}
/*根据OID，获取单条消息*/
public static void snmpGet(String ip, String community, String oid) {

CommunityTarget target = createDefault(ip, community);
Snmp snmp = null;
try {
PDU pdu = new PDU();
// pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(new int[]
// {1,3,6,1,2,1,1,2})));
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(oid)));

DefaultUdpTransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
snmp = new Snmp(transport);
snmp.listen();
System.out.println("-------> 发送PDU <-------");
pdu.setType(PDU.GET);
ResponseEvent respEvent = snmp.send(pdu, target);
System.out.println("PeerAddress:" + respEvent.getPeerAddress());
PDU response = respEvent.getResponse();

if (response == null) {
System.out.println("response is null, request time out");
} else {

// Vector<VariableBinding> vbVect =
// response.getVariableBindings();
// System.out.println("vb size:" + vbVect.size());
// if (vbVect.size() == 0) {
// System.out.println("response vb size is 0 ");
// } else {
// VariableBinding vb = vbVect.firstElement();
// System.out.println(vb.getOid() + " = " + vb.getVariable());
// }

System.out.println("response pdu size is " + response.size());
for (int i = 0; i < response.size(); i++) {
VariableBinding vb = response.get(i);
System.out.println(vb.getOid() + " = " + vb.getVariable());
}

}
System.out.println("SNMP GET one OID value finished !");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("SNMP Get Exception:" + e);
} finally {
if (snmp != null) {
try {
snmp.close();
} catch (IOException ex1) {
snmp = null;
}
}

}
}
/*根据OID列表，一次获取多条OID数据，并且以List形式返回*/
public static void snmpGetList(String ip, String community, List<String> oidList)
{
CommunityTarget target = createDefault(ip, community);
Snmp snmp = null;
try {
PDU pdu = new PDU();

for(String oid:oidList)
{
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(oid)));
}

DefaultUdpTransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
snmp = new Snmp(transport);
snmp.listen();
System.out.println("-------> 发送PDU <-------");
pdu.setType(PDU.GET);
ResponseEvent respEvent = snmp.send(pdu, target);
System.out.println("PeerAddress:" + respEvent.getPeerAddress());
PDU response = respEvent.getResponse();

if (response == null) {
System.out.println("response is null, request time out");
} else {

System.out.println("response pdu size is " + response.size());
for (int i = 0; i < response.size(); i++) {
VariableBinding vb = response.get(i);
System.out.println(vb.getOid() + " = " + vb.getVariable());
}

}
System.out.println("SNMP GET one OID value finished !");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("SNMP Get Exception:" + e);
} finally {
if (snmp != null) {
try {
snmp.close();
} catch (IOException ex1) {
snmp = null;
}
}

}
}

c019
/*根据OID列表，采用异步方式一次获取多条OID数据，并且以List形式返回*/
public static void snmpAsynGetList(String ip, String community,List<String> oidList)
{
CommunityTarget target = createDefault(ip, community);
Snmp snmp = null;
try {
PDU pdu = new PDU();

for(String oid:oidList)
{
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(oid)));
}

DefaultUdpTransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
snmp = new Snmp(transport);
snmp.listen();
System.out.println("-------> 发送PDU <-------");
pdu.setType(PDU.GET);
ResponseEvent respEvent = snmp.send(pdu, target);
System.out.println("PeerAddress:" + respEvent.getPeerAddress());
PDU response = respEvent.getResponse();

/*异步获取*/
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
ResponseListener listener = new ResponseListener() {
public void onResponse(ResponseEvent event) {
((Snmp) event.getSource()).cancel(event.getRequest(), this);
PDU response = event.getResponse();
PDU request = event.getRequest();
System.out.println("[request]:" + request);
if (response == null) {
System.out.println("[ERROR]: response is null");
} else if (response.getErrorStatus() != 0) {
System.out.println("[ERROR]: response status"
+ response.getErrorStatus() + " Text:"
+ response.getErrorStatusText());
} else {
System.out.println("Received response Success!");
for (int i = 0; i < response.size(); i++) {
VariableBinding vb = response.get(i);
System.out.println(vb.getOid() + " = "
+ vb.getVariable());
}
System.out.println("SNMP Asyn GetList OID finished. ");
latch.countDown();
}
}
};

pdu.setType(PDU.GET);
snmp.send(pdu, target, null, listener);
System.out.println("asyn send pdu wait for response...");

boolean wait = latch.await(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
System.out.println("latch.await =:" + wait);

snmp.close();

System.out.println("SNMP GET one OID value finished !");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("SNMP Get Exception:" + e);
} finally {
if (snmp != null) {
try {
snmp.close();
} catch (IOException ex1) {
snmp = null;
}
}

}
}
/*根据targetOID，获取树形数据*/
public static void snmpWalk(String ip, String community, String targetOid)
{
CommunityTarget target = createDefault(ip, community);
TransportMapping transport = null;
Snmp snmp = null;
try {
transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
snmp = new Snmp(transport);
transport.listen();

PDU pdu = new PDU();
OID targetOID = new OID(targetOid);
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(targetOID));

boolean finished = false;
System.out.println("----> demo start <----");
while (!finished) {
VariableBinding vb = null;
ResponseEvent respEvent = snmp.getNext(pdu, target);

PDU response = respEvent.getResponse();

if (null == response) {
System.out.println("responsePDU == null");
finished = true;
break;
} else {
vb = response.get(0);
}
// check finish
finished = checkWalkFinished(targetOID, pdu, vb);
if (!finished) {
System.out.println("==== walk each vlaue :");
System.out.println(vb.getOid() + " = " + vb.getVariable());

// Set up the variable binding for the next entry.
pdu.setRequestID(new Integer32(0));
pdu.set(0, vb);
} else {
System.out.println("SNMP walk OID has finished.");
snmp.close();
}
}
System.out.println("----> demo end <----");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("SNMP walk Exception: " + e);
} finally {
if (snmp != null) {
try {
snmp.close();
} catch (IOException ex1) {
snmp = null;
}
}
}
}

private static boolean checkWalkFinished(OID targetOID, PDU pdu,
VariableBinding vb) {
boolean finished = false;
if (pdu.getErrorStatus() != 0) {
System.out.println("[true] responsePDU.getErrorStatus() != 0 ");
System.out.println(pdu.getErrorStatusText());
finished = true;
} else if (vb.getOid() == null) {
System.out.println("[true] vb.getOid() == null");
finished = true;
} else if (vb.getOid().size() < targetOID.size()) {
System.out.println("[true] vb.getOid().size() < targetOID.size()");
finished = true;
} else if (targetOID.leftMostCompare(targetOID.size(), vb.getOid()) != 0) {
System.out.println("[true] targetOID.leftMostCompare() != 0");
finished = true;
} else if (Null.isExceptionSyntax(vb.getVariable().getSyntax())) {
System.out
.println("[true] Null.isExceptionSyntax(vb.getVariable().getSyntax())");
finished = true;
} else if (vb.getOid().compareTo(targetOID) <= 0) {
System.out.println("[true] Variable received is not "
+ "lexicographic successor of requested " + "one:");
System.out.println(vb.toString() + " <= " + targetOID);
finished = true;
}
return finished;

}
/*根据targetOID，异步获取树形数据*/
public static void snmpAsynWalk(String ip, String community, String oid)
{
final CommunityTarget target = createDefault(ip, community);
Snmp snmp = null;
try {
System.out.println("----> demo start <----");

DefaultUdpTransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
snmp = new Snmp(transport);
snmp.listen();

final PDU pdu = new PDU();
final OID targetOID = new OID(oid);
final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(targetOID));

ResponseListener listener = new ResponseListener() {
public void onResponse(ResponseEvent event) {
((Snmp) event.getSource()).cancel(event.getRequest(), this);

try {
PDU response = event.getResponse();
// PDU request = event.getRequest();
// System.out.println("[request]:" + request);
if (response == null) {
System.out.println("[ERROR]: response is null");
} else if (response.getErrorStatus() != 0) {
System.out.println("[ERROR]: response status"
+ response.getErrorStatus() + " Text:"
+ response.getErrorStatusText());
} else {
System.out
.println("Received Walk response value :");
VariableBinding vb = response.get(0);

boolean finished = checkWalkFinished(targetOID,
pdu, vb);
if (!finished) {
System.out.println(vb.getOid() + " = "
+ vb.getVariable());
pdu.setRequestID(new Integer32(0));
pdu.set(0, vb);
((Snmp) event.getSource()).getNext(pdu, target,
null, this);
} else {
System.out
.println("SNMP Asyn walk OID value success !");
latch.countDown();
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
latch.countDown();
}

}
};

snmp.getNext(pdu, target, null, listener);
System.out.println("pdu 已发送,等到异步处理结果...");

boolean wait = latch.await(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
System.out.println("latch.await =:" + wait);
snmp.close();

System.out.println("----> demo end <----");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("SNMP Asyn Walk Exception:" + e);
}
}
/*根据OID和指定string来设置设备的数据*/
public static void setPDU(String ip,String community,String oid,String val) throws IOException
{
CommunityTarget target = createDefault(ip, community);
Snmp snmp = null;
PDU pdu = new PDU();
pdu.add(new VariableBinding(new OID(oid),new OctetString(val)));
pdu.setType(PDU.SET);

DefaultUdpTransportMapping transport = new DefaultUdpTransportMapping();
snmp = new Snmp(transport);
snmp.listen();
System.out.println("-------> 发送PDU <-------");
snmp.send(pdu, target);
snmp.close();
}
}

测试类：

/**
*
*/
package mySNMP;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.snmp4j.log.ConsoleLogFactory;
import org.snmp4j.log.LogAdapter;
import org.snmp4j.log.LogFactory;
import com.test.snmp.SnmpData;
/**
* @filename SnmpGet.java
* @author code by jianghuiwen
* @mail jianghuiwen2012@163.com
*
* 下午2:21:53
*/
public class TestSnmpGet {
@Test
public void testGet()
{
String ip = "127.0.0.1";
String community = "public";
String oidval = "1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6.0";
SnmpData.snmpGet(ip, community, oidval);
}
public void testGetList()
{
String ip = "127.0.0.1";
String community = "public";
List<String> oidList=new ArrayList<String>();
oidList.add("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0");
oidList.add("1.3.6.1.2.1.1.7.0");
SnmpData.snmpGetList(ip, community, oidList);
}
public void testGetAsyList()
{
String ip = "127.0.0.1";
String community = "public";
List<String> oidList=new ArrayList<String>();
oidList.add("1.3.6.1.2.1");
oidList.add("1.3.6.1.2.12");
SnmpData.snmpAsynGetList(ip, community, oidList);
System.out.println("i am first!");
}
public void testWalk()
{
String ip = "127.0.0.1";
String community = "public";
String targetOid = "1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0";
SnmpData.snmpWalk(ip, community, targetOid);
}
public void testAsyWalk()
{
String ip = "127.0.0.1";
String community = "public";
// 异步采集数据
SnmpData.snmpAsynWalk(ip, community, "1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2");
}
@Test
public void testSetPDU() throws Exception
{
String ip = "127.0.0.1";
String community = "public";
SnmpData.setPDU(ip, community, "1.3.6.1.2.1.1.6.0","jianghuiwen");
}
public void testVersion()
{
//System.out.println(org.snmp4j.version.VersionInfo.getVersion());
}
}

注意，工程采用的是maven工程，并且测试类用的是junit4测试方法，包用的是snmp4j.jar，下载地址是：http://www.snmp4j.org

关键词：snmp snmp4j
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