Nginx基础入门之相关配置模板样例参考

关于nginx，在不同的环境下有不同的配置，比如nginx在LNMP环境中有lamp 环境的配置，从到反向代理时，有反向代理的配置，在做负载均衡时，有负载均衡的配置，下面我们来介绍一下关于nginx不同应用环境的配置样例
通常在配置nginx时，我习惯将nginx配置分为nginx分为两大部分:1.共用nginx配置；2.include引用的web配置，如下所示
* 共用nginx配置模板参考

#user  nobody;
user nginx ;
worker_processes  auto;
#worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
use epoll;
worker_connections  65535;
}

http {
include       mime.types;
include       /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf;
default_type  application/octet-stream;

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log  logs/access.log  main;

#       {nginx global setting}
charset  utf-8;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 1M;
#       client_body_timeout 15;
#       client_header_timeout 15;
#       send_timeout 15;
large_client_header_buffers 4 128k;
client_max_body_size 2000m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
reset_timedout_connection on;

#       {fastcgi setting}
fastcgi_cache_path /var/tmp/nginx/fastcgi_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastcgi_cache:10m
inactive=5m  max_size=10g;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 90;
fastcgi_send_timeout 60;
fastcgi_read_timeout 60;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 8 128k，
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
fastcgi_cache fastcgi_cache;                         #表示开启缓存功能，并指定使用哪个缓存；
#       fastcgi_temp_path  /usr/local/nginx/ngx_fastcgi_tmp  #此项配置通过不用到，可以不需要；如需要配置，
路径需要要与fastcgi_path保持在同一级目录；

#       {file setting}
open_file_cache max=204800 inactive=20s;
open_file_cache_valid 30s;
open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
#       open_file_cache_errors on;

#       {gzip setting}
gzip on;
#       gzip_disable "msie6";
gzip_vary on;
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml
application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

#       {proxy setting}
proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;
proxy_connect_timeout      90;
proxy_send_timeout         200;
proxy_read_timeout         200;
proxy_buffer_size          4k;
proxy_buffers              4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size    64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
proxy_cache_path /usr/local/proxy_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=proxy_cache:10m
inactive=15d max_size=20g;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/proxy_temp;   #此项配置通过不用到，可以不需要；如需要配置，
路径需要要与fastcgi_path保持在同一级目录；

#access_log  logs/access.log  main;

#    sendfile        on;
#tcp_nopush     on;

#keepalive_timeout  0;
#    keepalive_timeout  65;

#gzip  on;

#    server {
#        listen       80;
#        server_name  localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

#        location / {
#            root   html;
#            index  index.html index.htm;
#        }

#error_page  404              /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
#        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
#        location = /50x.html {
#            root   html;
#        }

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1; #}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
#    root           html;
#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
#    fastcgi_index  index.php;
#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
#    include        fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
#    deny  all;
#}
#    }

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
#    listen       8000;
#    listen       somename:8080;
#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

#    location / {
#        root   html;
#        index  index.html index.htm;
#    }
#}

# HTTPS server
#
#server {
#    listen       443 ssl;
#    server_name  localhost;

#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

#    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

#    location / {
#        root   html;
#        index  index.html index.htm;
#    }
#}

}

* include 引用的web配置模板参考样例
1.1 当nginx应用在LNMP环境时以支持对PHP的支持，可参考以下web配置模板样例

vim /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf
server {
listen       80 default backlog=65535;
server_name localhost;
root    /usr/local/www;
index  index.php index.html ;

location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index  index.php;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include        fastcgi_params;
#[fastcgi_cache setting ]
fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m;
fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1;
fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502
http_503 http_504;
fastcgi_cache_key "$request_method://$host$request_uri";
}
}

1.2 当nginx只充当到proxy serve，可参考以下web配置模板样例

vim /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf
server {
listen       80 default backlog=65535;
server_name localhost;
root    /usr/local/www;
index  index.php index.html ;

#       {nginx proxy configure}
location / {
proxy_pass         http://192.168.100.10  # //这里填写后端web server 访问地址
（本文档中后端web server应用访问URL信息为:http://192.168.100.10）

proxy_redirect     off;
proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503
http_504;
}

}

1.2 当nginx只充当到proxy serve+proxy_cache时，可参考以下web配置模板样例

vim /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf
server {
listen       80 default backlog=65535;
server_name localhost;
root    /usr/local/www;
index  index.php index.html ;

#       {nginx proxy configure}
location / {
proxy_pass         http://192.168.100.10 
proxy_redirect     off;
proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503
http_504;
proxy_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
proxy_cache_min_uses 1;
proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args;
}

}

到这里，整个nginx基础介绍就到此结束，以上模板可以根据实际情况来参考，选择出需要的部分来配置即可
本文出自 “菜鸟的成长记” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://blief.blog.51cto.com/6170059/1740256