HBase的shell的基本操作的指令

hbase shell

//创建一个表名为test 列簇为cf

create 'test','cf'

describe 'test'

//插入数据

put 'test','row1','cf:a','value1'

put 'test','row2','cf:b','value2'

put 'test','row3','cf:c','value3'

put 'test','row1','cf:b','value1'

//查看数据

scan 'test'

//统计数据

count 'test','cf:a'

cf:a有着个值得行数

//得到键值为row1的行的数据

get 'test','row1'

//更新数据

保留最新的数据，

put 'test','row1','cf:a','value5'

scan 'test'

我们也可以查看最近的几个版本的值

scan 'test',{MAX_VERSION => 3}

//删除表，删除数据

disable ‘test’

drop 'test'

下面是更具体一些的操作：

下面我们看看HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令，我列出了几个常用的HBase
Shell命令，如下：

[align=left]名称[/align]	[align=left]命令表达式[/align]
[align=left]创建表[/align]	[align=left]create '表名称', '列名称1','列名称2','列名称N'[/align]
[align=left]添加记录 [/align]	[align=left]put '表名称', '行名称', '列名称:', '值'[/align]
[align=left]查看记录[/align]	[align=left]get '表名称', '行名称'[/align]
[align=left]查看表中的记录总数[/align]	[align=left]count '表名称'[/align]
[align=left]删除记录[/align]	[align=left]delete '表名' ,'行名称' , '列名称'[/align]
[align=left]删除一张表[/align]	[align=left]先要屏蔽该表，才能对该表进行删除，第一步 disable '表名称' 第二步 drop '表名称'[/align]
[align=left]查看所有记录[/align]	[align=left]scan "表名称" [/align]
[align=left]查看某个表某个列中所有数据[/align]	[align=left]scan "表名称" , ['列名称:'][/align]
[align=left]更新记录[/align]	[align=left]就是重写一遍进行覆盖[/align]

一、一般操作

1.查询服务器状态

hbase(main):024:0>status

3 servers, 0 dead,1.0000 average load

2.查询hive版本

hbase(main):025:0>version

0.90.4, r1150278,Sun Jul 24 15:53:29 PDT 2011

二、DDL操作

1.创建一个表

hbase(main):011:0>create 'member','member_id','address','info'

0 row(s) in 1.2210seconds

2.获得表的描述

hbase(main):012:0>list

TABLE

member

1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'

DESCRIPTION
ENABLED

{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER =>
'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', true

VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE
=> '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa

lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE',
REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI

ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE
=> '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',

BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}

1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds

3.删除一个列族，alter，disable，enable

我们之前建了3个列族，但是发现member_id这个列族是多余的，因为他就是主键，所以我们要将其删除。

hbase(main):003:0>alter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}

ERROR: Table memberis enabled. Disable it first before altering.

报错，删除列族的时候必须先将表给disable掉。

hbase(main):004:0>disable 'member'

0 row(s) in 2.0390seconds

hbase(main):005:0>alter'member',NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'

0 row(s) in 0.0560seconds

hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'

DESCRIPTION
ENABLED

{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER =>
'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0',false

VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE
=> '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa

lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE',
REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI

ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE
=> '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',

BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}

1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds

该列族已经删除，我们继续将表enable

hbase(main):008:0> enable 'member'

0 row(s) in 2.0420seconds

4.列出所有的表

hbase(main):028:0>list

TABLE

member

temp_table

2 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

5.drop一个表

hbase(main):029:0>disable 'temp_table'

0 row(s) in 2.0590seconds

hbase(main):030:0>drop 'temp_table'

0 row(s) in 1.1070seconds

6.查询表是否存在

hbase(main):021:0>exists 'member'

Table member doesexist

0 row(s) in 0.1610seconds

7.判断表是否enable

hbase(main):034:0>is_enabled 'member'

true

0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

8.判断表是否disable

hbase(main):032:0>is_disabled 'member'

false

0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

三、DML操作

1.插入几条记录

put'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24'

put'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17'

put'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba'

put'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china'

put'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang'

put'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao'

2.获取一条数据

获取一个id的所有数据

hbase(main):001:0>get 'member','scutshuxue'

COLUMN CELL

address:city timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou

address:contry timestamp=1321586239126, value=china

address:province timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang

info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24

info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17

info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba

6 row(s) in 0.4720seconds

获取一个id，一个列族的所有数据

hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24

info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17

info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba

3 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

获取一个id，一个列族中一个列的所有数据

hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24

1 row(s) in 0.0320seconds

6.更新一条记录

将scutshuxue的年龄改成99

hbase(main):004:0>put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' ,'99'

0 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

hbase(main):005:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99

1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

3.通过timestamp来获取两个版本的数据

hbase(main):010:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586238965}

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24

1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):011:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586571843}

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99

1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

4.全表扫描：

hbase(main):013:0>scan 'member'

ROW COLUMN+CELL

scutshuxue column=address:city, timestamp=1321586240244,
value=hangzhou

scutshuxue column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586239126,
value=china

scutshuxue column=address:province, timestamp=1321586239197,
value=zhejiang

scutshuxue column=info:age,timestamp=1321586571843,
value=99

scutshuxue column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586239015,
value=1987-06-17

scutshuxue column=info:company, timestamp=1321586239071,
value=alibaba

temp column=info:age, timestamp=1321589609775,
value=59

xiaofeng column=address:city, timestamp=1321586248400,
value=jieyang

xiaofeng column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586248316,
value=china

xiaofeng column=address:province, timestamp=1321586248355,
value=guangdong

xiaofeng column=address:town, timestamp=1321586249564,
value=xianqiao

xiaofeng column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586248202,
value=1987-4-17

xiaofeng column=info:company, timestamp=1321586248277,
value=alibaba

xiaofeng column=info:favorite, timestamp=1321586248241,
value=movie

3 row(s) in 0.0570seconds

5.删除id为temp的值的‘info:age’字段

hbase(main):016:0>delete 'member','temp','info:age'

0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

hbase(main):018:0>get 'member','temp'

COLUMN CELL

0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

6.删除整行

hbase(main):001:0>deleteall 'member','xiaofeng'

0 row(s) in 0.3990seconds

7.查询表中有多少行：

hbase(main):019:0>count 'member'

2 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

8.给‘xiaofeng’这个id增加'info:age'字段，并使用counter实现递增

hbase(main):057:0*incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COUNTER VALUE = 1

hbase(main):058:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321590997648, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01

1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):059:0>incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COUNTER VALUE = 2

hbase(main):060:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321591025110, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02

1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

获取当前count的值

hbase(main):069:0>get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COUNTER VALUE = 2

9.将整张表清空：

hbase(main):035:0>truncate 'member'

Truncating 'member'table (it may take a while):

- Disabling table...

- Dropping table...

- Creating table...

0 row(s) in 4.3430seconds

可以看出，hbase是先将掉disable掉，然后drop掉后重建表来实现truncate的功能的。