springMVC，spring和Hibernate整合

转载于：http://my.oschina.net/hugohxb/blog/184715?fromerr=3on6BTOw

摘要 这篇是springMVC和spring以及Hibernate的整合，虽然是别人写过的，但也是笔者每一行都亲手敲出来的，在此过程中，也遇到过很多问题，都一一解决了，在此罗列出来，给大家做个参考！
spring springmvc hibernate 注解

第一步：搭建一个springmvc工程，需要的jar有： 


 




第二步：配置工程的web.xml文件.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>springmvc</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>Login.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

<!-- 加载所有的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:config/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<!-- 配置Spring监听 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<!-- 配置字符集 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<!-- 配置Session -->
<filter>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
<!-- 请注意，此处必须定义，否则后面会报错，具体是什么，笔者没截图，记不太清楚了 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>
<param-value>sessionFactory</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:config/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- 引用js,如果无此配置，则无法对js进行加载 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

tomcat对里面的加载顺序：Context-Param—->Listener—->filter—->servlet

第三步：配置hibernate,spring，springmvc等文件，将这些文件全部放到src/config目录下。 

Hibernate的配置文件，spring-common.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/springmvc"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置SessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 注解扫描的包 -->
<property name="annotatedClasses">
<list>
<value>ne.springmvc.entity.User</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>

<!-- 配置一个事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<!-- 配置事务，使用代理的方式 -->
<bean id="transactionProxy"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
abstract="true">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
<prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-myException</prop>
<prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

springmvc的配置文件spring-mvc.xml如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> 
<!-- 注解扫描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="ne.springmvc.*" />

<!-- 开启注解 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />

<!-- 静态资源(js/image)的访问 -->
<!-- <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> -->

<!-- 定义视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>

spring的配置文件spring-beans.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="userDao" class="ne.springmvc.dao.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="userManagerBase" class="ne.springmvc.service.UserManagerImpl">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 此处为代理 -->
<bean name="userManager" parent="transactionProxy">
<property name="target" ref="userManagerBase"></property>
</bean>

工程的四个配置文件全部完成，接下来按照mvc的设计模式，从dao层代码开始，先编写实体entity。注：在此之前，需要在mysql数据库中新建好数据库和表。实体User.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

/**
* 此实体的定义应用了springmvc的注解，省去了传统的Hibernate跟数据库之间的映射配置文件
* @author will
*
*/
@Entity
@Table(name="T_USER")
public class User {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid")
@GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid",strategy="uuid")
@Column(length=32)
private String id;

@Column(length=32)
private String userName;

@Column(length=32)
private String age;

public String getId() {
return id;
}

public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}

public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}

public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}

public String getAge() {
return age;
}

public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}

}

dao层：接口userDao.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.dao;

import java.util.List;

import ne.springmvc.entity.User;

public interface UserDao {

public User getUser(String id);

public List<User> getAllUser();

public void addUser(User user);

public boolean delUser(String id);

public boolean updateUser(User user);

}

接口userDao.java的实现类UserDaoImpl.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import ne.springmvc.entity.User;

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}

/**
* 根据用户id查询用户
*/
public User getUser(String id) {

String hql = "from User u where u.id=?";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
query.setString(0, id);

return (User)query.uniqueResult();
}

/**
* 查询所有用户
*/
public List<User> getAllUser() {

String hql = "from User";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);

return query.list();
}

/**
* 添加用户
*/
public void addUser(User user) {
sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);
}

/**
* 根据用户id删除用户
*/
public boolean delUser(String id) {

String hql = "delete User u where u.id = ?";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
query.setString(0, id);

return (query.executeUpdate() > 0);
}

/**
* 编辑用户
*/
public boolean updateUser(User user) {

String hql = "update User u set u.userName = ?,u.age=? where u.id = ?";
Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
query.setString(0, user.getUserName());
query.setString(1, user.getAge());
query.setString(2, user.getId());

return (query.executeUpdate() > 0);
}

}

service层的接口UserManager.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.service;

import java.util.List;
import ne.springmvc.entity.User;

public interface UserManager {

public User getUser(String id);

public List<User> getAllUser();

public void addUser(User user);

public boolean delUser(String id);

public boolean updateUser(User user);
}

接口userManager的实现类UserManagerImpl.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.service;

import java.util.List;
import ne.springmvc.dao.UserDao;
import ne.springmvc.entity.User;

public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {

private UserDao userDao;

public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}

public User getUser(String id) {
return userDao.getUser(id);
}

public List<User> getAllUser() {
return userDao.getAllUser();
}

public void addUser(User user) {
userDao.addUser(user);
}

public boolean delUser(String id) {

return userDao.delUser(id);
}

public boolean updateUser(User user) {
return userDao.updateUser(user);
}

}

控制层UserController.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import ne.springmvc.entity.User;
import ne.springmvc.service.UserManager;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

@Resource(name="userManager")
private UserManager userManager;

@RequestMapping("/getAllUser")
public String getAllUser(HttpServletRequest request){
request.setAttribute("userList", userManager.getAllUser());
return "/Index";
}

@RequestMapping("/getUser")
public String getUser(String id,HttpServletRequest request){
request.setAttribute("user", userManager.getUser(id));
return "/editUser";
}

@RequestMapping("/toAddUser")
public String toAddUser(){
return "/addUser";
}

@RequestMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){
System.out.println("用户名：======"+user.getUserName());
userManager.addUser(user);
return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
}

@RequestMapping("/delUser")
public void delUser(String id,HttpServletResponse response){
String result = "{\"result\":\"error\"}";
if(userManager.delUser(id)){
result = "{\"result\":\"success\"}";
}
response.setContentType("application/json");
try {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.write(result);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

@RequestMapping("/updateUser")
public String updateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){
if(userManager.updateUser(user)){
user = userManager.getUser(user.getId());
request.setAttribute("user", user);
return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
}else{
return "/error";
}
}
}

jsp页面：Login.jsp,Index.jsp,addUser.jsp,editUser.jsp总共四个页面，成功和错误页面就没写了。 

Login.jsp页面如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h5><a href="/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/getAllUser">进入用户管理页</a></h5>
</body>
</html>

Index.jsp页面如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
%>
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path%>/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function del(id){
$.get("/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/delUser?id=" + id,function(data){
if("success" == data.result){
alert("删除成功");
window.location.reload();
}else{
alert("删除失败");
}
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h6><a href="/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/toAddUser">添加用户</a></h6>
<table border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
<c:if test="${!empty userList }">
<c:forEach items="${userList }" var="user">
<tr>
<td>${user.userName }</td>
<td>${user.age }</td>
<td>
<a href="/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/getUser?id=${user.id }">编辑</a>
<a href="javascript:del('${user.id }')">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</c:if>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

addUser.jsp页面如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function addUser(){
var form = document.forms[0];
form.action = "/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/addUser";
form.method="post";
form.submit();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>添加用户</h1>
<form action="" name="userForm">
姓名：<input type="text" name="userName">
年龄：<input type="text" name="age">
<input type="button" value="添加" onclick="addUser()">
</form>
</body>
</html>

editUser.jsp页面如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
%>
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path %>/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>编辑用户</h1>
<form action="/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/updateUser" name="userForm" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id }">
姓名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${user.userName }">
年龄：<input type="text" name="age" value="${user.age }">
<input type="submit" value="编辑" >
</form>
</body>
</html>

以上便是所有的代码，下面是页面效果。 

首页： 




管理页面：





添加页面：





编辑页面：





遇到的问题：

1、jquery.1.9.1.min.js加载不进来，原因是springmvc将js统一认定为静态资源，所以需要额外配置去引用js，我是在web.xml里面配置的，配置如下:

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

2、添加用户时，mysql数据库出现中文乱码问题，在eclipse，tomcat，数据库和表都设置为utf-8之后，还需要将mysql安装目录下的my.ini文件中，将default-character-set=utf8和character-set-server=utf8，如下图：