iOS 网络请求
2016-01-12 19:17
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iOS网络编程
计算机网络HTTP-(超文本协议)
Https-(安全的超文本协议) --- 如今用的就是这种方式,网络请求的时候需要配置网络安全
将以下代码插入进去
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
<key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
<true/></dict>
Http常见的两种请求方式:
POST : 1 地址栏中不会有表单请求的参数
2 参数数量和长度没有限制
GET : 通常用于从服务器获取数据
1 将表单请求中的参数拼接在地址中进行传递
2 参数数量和长度不能超过255字节
安全性:POST安全性高
请求大量数据用Get
提交大量表单数据用Post
iOS网络编程是如何实现的:
NSURL(网络(统一)资源定位符)(网络地址)
NSURLRequest
NSURLConnection
NSURLConnectionDelegate
一个典型的网址: http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx?date=20131129&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213 url的正规语法:协议://授权(域名)/资源路径?参数列表(例name=123&sex=男,中间&符号连接)
网络请求 详见思维导图
网络接口
#define WHGETURL @"http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx?date=20151124&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213"
#define CQPOSTURL @"http://ipad-bjwb.bjd.com.cn/DigitalPublication/publish/Handler/APINewsList.ashx"
#define CQPOSTBODY @"date=20151124&startRecord=1&len=5&udid=1234567890&terminalType=Iphone&cid=213"
#pragma mark GET方式进行同步请求
- (void)GetSyncAction {
//
网络请求
// 1
生成URL对象
NSURL *url = [NSURLURLWithString:WHGETURL];
// 2
创建请求对象, 绑定URL
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequestalloc]
initWithURL:url];
// 3
发送请求
NSData *data = [NSURLConnectionsendSynchronousRequest:request
returningResponse:nilerror:nil];
// NSLog(@"%@", data);
// Json解析
NSDictionary *dic = [NSJSONSerializationJSONObjectWithData:data
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragmentserror:nil];
// NSLog(@"%@", dic[@"news"]);
NSArray *arr = dic[@"news"];
self.data = [NSMutableArrayarray];
for (NSDictionary *dicin arr) {
News *news = [[Newsalloc]
init];
[news setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];
[self.dataaddObject:news];
}
for (News *newin
self.data) {
NSLog(@"%@ %@ %ld", new.title, new.NId, new.sequence);
}
}
#pragma mark post同步请求
- (void)PostSyncAction {
// 1
创建URL对象
NSURL *url = [NSURLURLWithString:CQPOSTURL];
// 2
创建request对象
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequestalloc]
initWithURL:url];
// 3
注意: 与get方式的俩个不同
// 3.1
设置httpMethod
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
// 3.2
设置HTTPBody,即传递参数
NSData *data = [CQPOSTBODYdataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
[request setHTTPBody:data];
// 4
发送同步请求
NSData *dataRE = [NSURLConnectionsendSynchronousRequest:request
returningResponse:nilerror:nil];
NSDictionary *dic = [NSJSONSerializationJSONObjectWithData:dataRE
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragmentserror:nil];
NSArray *arr = dic[@"news"];
self.data = [NSMutableArrayarray];
for (NSDictionary *dicin arr) {
News *new = [[Newsalloc]
init];
[new setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];
[self.dataaddObject:new];
}
for (News *newin
self.data) {
NSLog(@"%@ %@ %ld", new.title, new.NId, new.sequence);
}
}
#pragma mark get代理方式进行异步请求
- (void)GETDelegateAsyncAction {
// 1
创建URL对象
NSURL *url = [NSURLURLWithString:WHGETURL];
// 2
创建URLRequest对象
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequestalloc]
initWithURL:url];
// 3
注意!!!!!!同步与异步的不同
[NSURLConnectionconnectionWithRequest:request
delegate:self];
}
// 当收到服务器响应的时候
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {
//
初始化结果数组
self.data = [NSMutableArrayarray];
//
初始化缓冲水桶
self.tempData = [NSMutableDatadata];
}
// 接收数据
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data {
// 将读取的部分数据拼接到水桶中
[self.tempDataappendData:data];
}
// 当所有数据接收完毕的时候
- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection {
// 对水桶中所有的数据进行解析
NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerializationJSONObjectWithData:self.tempDataoptions:NSJSONReadingAllowFragmentserror:nil];
NSArray *arr = dict[@"news"];
for (NSDictionary *dicin arr) {
News *news = [[Newsalloc]
init];
[news setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];
[self.dataaddObject:news];
}
for (News *newin
self.data) {
NSLog(@"%@", new.title);
}
}
#pragma mark get Block方式实现异步请求
- (void)GETBlockAsyncAction {
// 1
创建URL对象
NSURL *url = [NSURLURLWithString:WHGETURL];
// 2
创建请求对象
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequestalloc]
initWithURL:url];
// 3
发送异步请求
[NSURLConnection
sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueuemainQueue]
completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *_Nullable response,
NSData * _Nullable data,
NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {
NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerializationJSONObjectWithData:data
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragmentserror:nil];
NSArray *arr = dict[@"news"];
self.data = [NSMutableArrayarray];
for (NSDictionary *dicin arr) {
News *new = [[Newsalloc]
init];
[new setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];
[self.dataaddObject:new];
}
for (News *newin
self.data) {
NSLog(@"%@", new.title);
}
}];
}
#pragma mark POST 代理方式实现异步请求
- (void)PostDelegateAsyncActionDe {
NSURL *url = [NSURLURLWithString:CQPOSTURL];
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequestalloc]
initWithURL:url];
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
NSData *data = [CQPOSTBODYdataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
[request setHTTPBody:data];
[NSURLConnectionconnectionWithRequest:request
delegate:self];
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {
self.data = [NSMutableArrayarray];
self.tempData = [NSMutableDatadata];
}
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data {
[self.tempDataappendData:data];
}
- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection {
NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerializationJSONObjectWithData:self.tempDataoptions:NSJSONReadingAllowFragmentserror:nil];
NSArray *arr = dict[@"news"];
for (NSDictionary *dicin arr) {
News *new = [[Newsalloc]
init];
[new setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];
[self.dataaddObject:new];
}
for (News *nin
self.data) {
NSLog(@"%@", n.summary);
}
}
#pragma mark POST block方式实现异步请求
- (void)PostBlockAsyncActionBb {
NSURL *url = [NSURLURLWithString:CQPOSTURL];
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequestalloc]
initWithURL:url];
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
NSData *data = [CQPOSTBODYdataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
[request setHTTPBody:data];
[NSURLConnectionsendAsynchronousRequest:request
queue:[NSOperationQueue
mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *_Nullable response,
NSData * _Nullable data,
NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {
NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerializationJSONObjectWithData:data
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragmentserror:nil];
NSArray *arr = dict[@"news"];
self.data = [NSMutableArrayarray];
for (NSDictionary *dicin arr) {
News *new = [[Newsalloc]
init];
[new
setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dic];
[self.dataaddObject:new];
}
for (News *nin
self.data) {
NSLog(@"%@", n.title);
}
}];
}
由上总结:
GET,POST代理方式实现异步请求时[NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];
然后代理实现三个方法
GET,POST block方式实现异步请求时[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(N......
iOS9以后的网络请求方法 -- 会话机制
iOS9中只有异步 也分GET,POST请求
iOS9中将网络分为3中类型:
NSURLSessionDataTask
NSURLSessionDownloadsTask
NSURLSessionUploadTask
新版的网络请求是采用多线程的方式实现的
#pragma mark -- iOS9的新方法进行GET异步请求
- (IBAction)getAction:(UIButton *)sender {
// 1
创建url
NSURL *url = [NSURLURLWithString:GETRUL];
// 2
创建请求对象
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequestalloc]
initWithURL:url];
//
注意iOS9的不同
// 3
创建回话
NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSessionsharedSession];
NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [sessiondataTaskWithRequest:request
completionHandler:^(NSData *
_Nullable data, NSURLResponse *
_Nullable response,
NSError * _Nullable error) {
NSDictionary *dic = [NSJSONSerializationJSONObjectWithData:data
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragmentserror:nil];
NSLog(@"%@", dic);
}];
// 5
开始任务
[task resume];
}
#pragma mark --
使用iOS9的新方法进行post异步请求
- (IBAction)postAction:(UIButton *)sender {
// 1
创建URL对象
NSURL *url = [NSURLURLWithString:POSTURL];
// 2
创建请求对象
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequestalloc]
initWithURL:url];
// 3
设置post属性
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
NSData *data = [POSTBODYdataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
[request setHTTPBody:data];
// 4
注意!!!!!!!!新方法的不同
// 4.1
创建会话
NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSessionsharedSession];
// 4.2
创建数据请求任务
NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session
dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *_Nullable data,
NSURLResponse *_Nullable response,
NSError * _Nullable error) {
NSDictionary *dic = [NSJSONSerializationJSONObjectWithData:data
options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragmentserror:nil];
NSLog(@"%@", dic);
}];
// 4.3
启动任务
[task resume];
}
图片的异步加载通常采用这种网络请求方式, 在封装网络请求工具类的时候,
// 从子线程回到主线程进行界面更新 (iOS中更新界面只能在主线程)
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
block(image);
});
详见网络请求封装工具类
内容来自用户分享和网络整理，不保证内容的准确性，如有侵权内容，可联系管理员处理 
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