Httpclient远程调用WebService示例（Eclipse+httpclient）

我们将Web Service发布在Tomcat或者其他应用服务器上后，有很多方法可以调用该Web Service，常用的有两种：
1、通过浏览器HTTP调用，返回规范的XML文件内容

2、通过客户端程序调用，返回结果可自定义格式

接下来，我利用Eclipse作为开发工具，演示一个Httpclient调用WebService的简单示例

第一种调用见我的另一篇博文：/article/4764054.html

步骤如下：

准备工作：用到的jar包有： 下载链接（http://download.csdn.net/detail/lanxuezaipiao/5354480）

第一步：新建Java Project，项目名称为HttpCallWebService

第二步：将所需jar包导入到库中

第三步：编写调用class，这里有两种方式调用，即GET方式和POST方式，由于POST方式较安全，故这里采用POST方式调用；请求数据的构造也有两种方式：静态和动态构造，下面分别介绍这两种方式：

注：这里以E邮宝开放的webservice接口为例调用其中一个API函数，而E邮宝的webservice基于SOAP，故请求数据为SOAP格式，大家可根据自己情况进行修改

静态构造请求数据：

1 package com.http;
2
3 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
4 import java.io.IOException;
5 import java.io.InputStream;
6
7 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
8 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
9 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity;
10 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
11 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.RequestEntity;
12
13 public class StaticHttpclientCall {
14
15     /**
16      * @param args
17      * @throws IOException
18      * @throws HttpException
19      */
20     public static void main(String[] args) throws HttpException, IOException {
21         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
22
23         String soapRequestData = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>"
24                 + "<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\""
25                 + " xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\""
26                 + " xmlns:soap12=\"http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope\">"
27                 + " <soap12:Body>"
28                 + " <GetAPACShippingPackage xmlns=\"http://shippingapi.ebay.cn/\">"
29                 + " <GetAPACShippingPackageRequest>"
30                 + " <TrackCode>123</TrackCode>"
31                 + " <Version>123</Version>"
32                 + " <APIDevUserID>123</APIDevUserID>"
33                 + " <APIPassword>123</APIPassword>"
34                 + " <APISellerUserID>123</APISellerUserID>"
35                 + " <MessageID>123</MessageID>"
36                 + " </GetAPACShippingPackageRequest>"
37                 + " </GetAPACShippingPackage>" + "</soap12:Body>"
38                 + " </soap12:Envelope>";
39
40         System.out.println(soapRequestData);
41
42         PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(
43                 "http://epacketws.pushauction.net/v3/orderservice.asmx?wsdl");
44
45         // 然后把Soap请求数据添加到PostMethod中
46         byte[] b = soapRequestData.getBytes("utf-8");
47         InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(b, 0, b.length);
48         RequestEntity re = new InputStreamRequestEntity(is, b.length,
49                 "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
50         postMethod.setRequestEntity(re);
51
52         // 最后生成一个HttpClient对象，并发出postMethod请求
53         HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
54         int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
55         if(statusCode == 200) {
56             System.out.println("调用成功！");
57             String soapResponseData = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
58             System.out.println(soapResponseData);
59         }
60         else {
61             System.out.println("调用失败！错误码：" + statusCode);
62         }
63
64     }
65
66 }

动态构造数据：

1 package com.http;
2
3 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
4 import java.io.InputStream;
5 import java.util.HashMap;
6 import java.util.Map;
7 import java.util.Set;
8
9 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
10 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity;
11 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
12 import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.RequestEntity;
13
14 // 动态构造调用串，灵活性更大
15 public class DynamicHttpclientCall {
16
17     private String namespace;
18     private String methodName;
19     private String wsdlLocation;
20     private String soapResponseData;
21
22     public DynamicHttpclientCall(String namespace, String methodName,
23             String wsdlLocation) {
24
25         this.namespace = namespace;
26         this.methodName = methodName;
27         this.wsdlLocation = wsdlLocation;
28     }
29
30     private int invoke(Map<String, String> patameterMap) throws Exception {
31         PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(wsdlLocation);
32         String soapRequestData = buildRequestData(patameterMap);
33
34         byte[] bytes = soapRequestData.getBytes("utf-8");
35         InputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes, 0,
36                 bytes.length);
37         RequestEntity requestEntity = new InputStreamRequestEntity(inputStream,
38                 bytes.length, "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
39         postMethod.setRequestEntity(requestEntity);
40
41         HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
42         int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
43         soapResponseData = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
44
45         return statusCode;
46     }
47
48     private String buildRequestData(Map<String, String> patameterMap) {
49         StringBuffer soapRequestData = new StringBuffer();
50         soapRequestData.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>");
51         soapRequestData
52                 .append("<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\""
53                         + " xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\""
54                         + " xmlns:soap12=\"http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope\">");
55         soapRequestData.append("<soap12:Body>");
56         soapRequestData.append("<" + methodName + " xmlns=\"" + namespace
57                 + "\">");
58         soapRequestData.append("<" + methodName + "Request>");
59
60         Set<String> nameSet = patameterMap.keySet();
61         for (String name : nameSet) {
62             soapRequestData.append("<" + name + ">" + patameterMap.get(name)
63                     + "</" + name + ">");
64         }
65
66         soapRequestData.append("</" + methodName + "Request>");
67         soapRequestData.append("</" + methodName + ">");
68         soapRequestData.append("</soap12:Body>");
69         soapRequestData.append("</soap12:Envelope>");
70
71         return soapRequestData.toString();
72     }
73
74     /**
75      * @param args
76      * @throws Exception
77      */
78     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
79         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
80
81         DynamicHttpclientCall dynamicHttpclientCall = new DynamicHttpclientCall(
82                 "http://shippingapi.ebay.cn/", "GetAPACShippingPackage",
83                 "http://epacketws.pushauction.net/v3/orderservice.asmx?wsdl");
84
85         Map<String, String> patameterMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
86
87         patameterMap.put("TrackCode", "123");
88         patameterMap.put("Version", "123");
89         patameterMap.put("APIDevUserID", "123");
90         patameterMap.put("APIPassword", "123");
91         patameterMap.put("APISellerUserID", "123");
92         patameterMap.put("MessageID", "123");
93         patameterMap.put("TrackCode", "123");
94
95         String soapRequestData = dynamicHttpclientCall.buildRequestData(patameterMap);
96         System.out.println(soapRequestData);
97
98         int statusCode = dynamicHttpclientCall.invoke(patameterMap);
99         if(statusCode == 200) {
100             System.out.println("调用成功！");
101             System.out.println(dynamicHttpclientCall.soapResponseData);
102         }
103         else {
104             System.out.println("调用失败！错误码：" + statusCode);
105         }
106
107     }
108
109 }

最终运行结果：

可见最终返回的也是xml格式的数据，这里数据未进行格式化显示和处理