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Httpd2.4简介及CenOS6.6下编译安装

2015-12-08 00:00 162 查看
CentOS7的镜像中已经提供了httpd2.4的rpm包,httpd2.4相对于httpd2.2有较大的改进,在CentOS6下只能通过Apache官方网站提供的源码包编译安装。

httpd2.4新特性:
MPM支持运行DOS机制;
支持event MPM;
支持异步读写;
支持每模块及每个目录分别使用各自的日志级别;
每请求配置;<If>
增强版的表达式分析器;
支持毫秒级的keepalive timeout;
基于FQDN的虚拟主机不再需要NameVirtualHost指令;
支持用户自定义变量;

新模块:
mod_proxy_fcgi:与PHP结合的模块;
mod_ratelimit:限制下载速率的模块;
mod_remoteip:设定远程客户端IP;

修改的配置机制:不再支持使用order,allow,deny定义基于ip的访问控制,改为require;

编译安装Httpd2.4:
httpd2.4依赖于apr和apr-util,1.4以上版本,所以需要一同编译安装;
apr:ApachePortable Runtime,Apache可移植运行时;
官网:apr.apache.org

实验环境:
系统版本:CentOS 6.6x86_64;
httpd源码包:httpd-2.4.16.tar.bz2;
apr源码包:apr-1.5.2.tar.bz2;
apr-util源码包:apr-util-1.5.4.tar.bz2

实验前提:
关闭防火墙和SELinux;
安装编译环境;
# yum groupinstall "Server Platform Development" "Developmenttools"


实验过程:
一、安装服务;
apr:
# tar xf apr-1.5.2.tar.bz2
# cd apr-1.5.2
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
# make && make install


apr-util:
# tar xf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.bz2
# cd apr-util-1.5.4
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr/    :指明apr安装位置;
# make && make install


httpd:
# tar xf httpd-2.4.16.tar.bz2
# cd httpd-2.4.16
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=all --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
# make && make install


httpd编译参数解释:
--prefix=/usr/local/apache    :安装位置;
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd    :配置文件位置;
--enable-so    :支持DSO动态装载模块;
--enable-ssl    :支持SSL/TLS,可实现https协议访问,需要安装openssl-devel;
--enable-cgi    :支持CGI脚本;
--enable-rewrite    :支持URL重写;
--with-zlib    :使用指定的zlib压缩库,不指定路径会自动寻找;
--with-pcre    :使用指定的pcre库,增强的正则表达式分析工具;不指定路径会自动寻找 需已安装pcre-devel;
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr    :指定依赖apr程序安装位置;
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util    :指定依赖apr-util程序安装位置;
--enable-modules=all    :支持动态启用模块;all:所有,most:常用;
--enable-mpms-shared=all    :编译并共享模块;
--with-mpm=event    :默认启用模块;{prefork|worker|event}


二、参数配置;
接下来是安装完成之后的参数配置;
添加环境变量,并重读文件:
# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
> export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH
# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh


导出头文件;
# ln -sv /usr/local/apache/include /usr/include/httpd


导出man手册;
# vim /etc/man.config
> MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man


启动服务,查看监听端口;
# apachectl start
# ss �tnl





访问测试;




提供服务脚本:
可使用rpm包安装提供的脚本修改使用:
# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
> #!/bin/bash
> #
> # httpdStartup script for the Apache HTTP Server
> #
> # chkconfig:- 85 15
> #description: Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve \
> #        HTML files and CGI.
> #processname: httpd
> # config:/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
> # config:/etc/sysconfig/httpd
> # pidfile:/var/run/httpd.pid
>
> # Sourcefunction library.
> ./etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
>
> if [ -f/etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
>     . /etc/sysconfig/httpd
> fi
>
> # Starthttpd in the C locale by default.
> HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}
>
> # This willprevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
> # mod_sslneeds a pass-phrase from the user.
> INITLOG_ARGS=""
>
> # SetHTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
> # with thethread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
> # workcorrectly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
>
> # Path tothe apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
> apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
> httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
> prog=httpd
> pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid}
> lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
> RETVAL=0
>
> start() {
>     echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
>     LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile}$httpd $OPTIONS
>     RETVAL=$?
>     echo
>     [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch${lockfile}
>     return $RETVAL
> }
> stop() {
>     echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
>     killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd
>     RETVAL=$?
>     echo
>     [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f${lockfile} ${pidfile}
> }
> reload() {
>     echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
>     if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS-t >&/dev/null; then
>     RETVAL=$?
>     echo $"not reloading dueto configuration syntax err or"
>     failure $"not reloading$httpd due to configuration >syntax error"
>     else
>     killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd-HUP
>     RETVAL=$?
>     fi
>     echo
> }
>
> # See how wewere called.
> case"$1" in
> start)
>     start
> ;;
> stop)
>     stop
> ;;
> status)
>     status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
>     RETVAL=$?
> ;;
> restart)
>     stop
>     start
> ;;
> condrestart)
>     if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then
>     stop
>     start
>     fi
> ;;
> reload)
>     reload
> ;;
> graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
>     $apachectl $@
>     RETVAL=$?
> ;;
> *)
> echo $"Usage: $prog{start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
> exit 1
> esac
>
> exit $RETVAL


修改主配置文件指定pidfile;
# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
> PidFile "/var/run/httpd.pid"


脚本执行权限;
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd


添加服务,测试脚本;
# chkconfig httpd �add
# chkconfig httpd on

# service httpd stop
# service httpd start
# service httpd restart
# service httpd reload





httpd2.4配置文件:
# /etc/httpd24    :编译安装时指定的配置文件目录;
# /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf    :主配置文件
# /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-default.conf    :默认配置文件,keepalive、AccessFileName等设置;
# /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-userdir.conf    :用户目录配置文件;
# /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-mpm.conf    :MPM配置文件;
# /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-ssl.conf    :SSL配置文件,为站点提供https协议;
# /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf    :虚拟主机配置文件;
# /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-info.conf    :server-status页面配置文件;


至此httpd2.4的编译安装配置已完成,httpd2.4的配置与httpd2.2大致相同。
本文出自 “小马的学习记录” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://masachencer.blog.51cto.com/8683770/1682809
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