SpringMVC+Spring+Hibernate的小例子

Strusts2+Spring+Hibernate虽然是主流的WEB开发框架，但是SpringMVC有越来越多的人使用了，确实也非常好用，用得爽！

这里实现了一个SpringMVC+Spring+Hibernate的小例子。注释都在代码里面。

项目各包的结构如下图：



1， 首先是pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.miquan</groupId>
<artifactId>springmvc_spring_hibernate</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springmvc_spring_hibernate Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<dependencies>
<!-- expectj -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>4.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.ws</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-ws-core</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.6.Final</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dbcp -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MYSQL -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.18</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
<finalName>springmvc_spring_hibernate</finalName>
</build>
</project>

2， web.xml配置好SpringMVC和Spring

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

<!-- Spring配置。（必须配，要不会找不到bean） -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<!-- spring mvc （系统在启动的时候会根据springmvc-servlet中的配置找到所有的controller并初始化）-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern><!-- 这里不能加* -->
</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3， SpringMVC的配置——springmvc-servlet.xml（注意命名，对应servlet中的springmvc，命名规则： [<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"
>

<!-- 存在controller的包。注意这里写的是包名，不是类名 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.miquan.controller"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven />

<!-- 静态文件 -->
<mvc:resources location="/res/" mapping="/res/**"></mvc:resources>

<!-- 跳转文件的前后缀 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>

</beans>

4， spring的配置——applicationContext.xml默认是这个名字，并且系统会到WEB-INF目录下找这个文件。需要自定义名称和目录的自己百度一下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

<!-- 自动扫面注解包 -->
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.miquan.*" />

<!-- 数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssh" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="root" />
</bean>

<!-- 配置sessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.miquan.model" /><!-- 实体类的包 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<!-- 会自动创表，但是不会自动创建数据库，所以要先手动创建数据库。 -->
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

<!-- 用于注入到GeneralDao中 -->
<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<!-- 配置事务管理 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<!-- 开启事务管理注解 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
<tx:annotation-driven />

</beans>

5， 实体类。

package com.miquan.model;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;import java.io.Serializable;

@Entity
@Table
public class User impements Serializable {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;

public User() {
super();
}
public User(int id, String username, String password) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
@Id
@GeneratedValue
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password="
+ password + "]";
}
}

6， controller层。

package com.miquan.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.miquan.model.User;
import com.miquan.service.IUserService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/user")
public class UserController {
/**
* 注入userService。
* 如果userService继承了某个接口，
* 这里类型必须是接口IUserService，
* 不能是类UserService，不知道为什么。
*/
@Autowired
private IUserService userService;

@RequestMapping(value="/registe", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String registe() {
User user = new User(0, "小马云", "999");
userService.registe(user);
return "index";
}
}

7， service层。

package com.miquan.service;

import com.miquan.model.User;

public interface IUserService {

public boolean registe(User user);

}

package com.miquan.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.miquan.dao.IGeneralDao;
import com.miquan.model.User;

@Service
public class UserService implements IUserService {
@Autowired
private IGeneralDao generalDao;

/*
* 这里要有事务注解，默认readOnly=true,不设置的话会报错。
* insert和update操作都要。
*/
@Transactional(readOnly=false)
public boolean registe(User user) {
generalDao.save(user);
return false;
}
}

8， dao层。

package com.miquan.dao;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

public interface IGeneralDao {
public <T> T findById(Class<T> type, Serializable id);

public <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> type);

public void save(Object... entities);

public void update(Object... entities);

public void saveOrUpdate(Object entity);

public void delete(Object... entities);

public void deleteById(Class<?> type, Serializable id);

public void refresh(Object... entities);

public void flush();
}

package com.miquan.dao;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/**
* 这个类将dao成封装成了一个操作类，从网上复制过来的。
*/
@Repository
public class GeneralDao implements IGeneralDao {
/**
* 这个bean里面需要注入sessionFactory，所以把这个bean写在了配置中。
*/
@Autowired
private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;

public <T> T findById(Class<T> type, Serializable id) {
return hibernateTemplate.get(type, id);
}

public <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> type) {
return hibernateTemplate.loadAll(type);
}

public void save(Object... entities) {
for (Object entity : entities) {
hibernateTemplate.save(entity);
}
}

public void saveOrUpdate(Object entity) {
hibernateTemplate.saveOrUpdate(entity);
}

public void update(Object... entities) {
for (Object entity : entities) {
hibernateTemplate.update(entity);
}
}

public void delete(Object... entities) {
for (Object entity : entities) {
if (entity != null) {
hibernateTemplate.delete(entity);
}
}
}

public void deleteById(Class<?> type, Serializable id) {
if (id == null) {
return;
}
Object entity = findById(type, id);
if (entity == null) {
return;
}
delete(entity);
}

public void refresh(Object... entities) {
for (Object entity : entities) {
hibernateTemplate.refresh(entity);
}
}

public void flush() {
hibernateTemplate.flush();
}
}

9， 测试。

package com.miquan.service;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

import com.miquan.controller.UserController;

public class UserServiceTest {
@Test
public void test() {
ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
"src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml");
UserController controller = ctx.getBean(UserController.class);
controller.registe();
}
}