基础网络操作命令

ifup
作用：启动网络接口，直接在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts下搜索对应的配置文件
用法：ifup interface

例如：
[root@lb ~]# ifup eth0

ifdown
作用：关闭网络接口，直接在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts下搜索对应的配置文件
用法：ifdown interface

例如：
[root@lb ~]# ifdown eth0

ifconfig
作用：查看或配置网络接口信息
用法：ifconfig <interface>

例如：
[root@lb ~]# ifconfig eth0 ##查看网络接口信息
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:D9:E0:37
inet addr:192.168.1.128 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fed9:e037/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:431 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:327 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:53230 (51.9 KiB) TX bytes:53540 (52.2 KiB)
[root@lb ~]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.128 netmask 255.255.255.0 ##临时配置网络接口信息，重启会失效

ip addr
作用：查看所有网络接口信息
例如：
[root@lb ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:d9:e0:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.128/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fed9:e037/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

ping
作用：检查物理链路的连通性
用法：ping serverip

例如：
[root@lb ~]# ping 192.168.1.128 ##表示通
PING 192.168.1.128 (192.168.1.128) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.128: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.038 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.128: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.035 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.128: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.035 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.128: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms
[root@lb ~]# ping 192.168.1.129 ##表示不通
PING 192.168.1.129 (192.168.1.129) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.1.128 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.1.128 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.1.128 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.1.128 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable

telnet
作用：远程登录到网络中的计算机或测试端口是否正常开启
用法：telnet serverip <port>

例如：
[root@lb ~]# telnet 192.168.1.128 51898 ##Connected表示通
Trying 192.168.1.128...
Connected to 192.168.1.128.
Escape character is '^]'.
SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3
[root@lb ~]# telnet 192.168.1.129 51898 ##No route to host表示不通
Trying 192.168.1.129...
telnet: connect to address 192.168.1.129: No route to host

ssh
作用：远程登录网络中的计算机
用法：ssh username@serverip -p port

例如：
[root@lb ~]# ssh linbin@192.168.1.128 -p 51898
The authenticity of host '[192.168.1.128]:51898 ([192.168.1.128]:51898)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 23:69:bd:25:1e:61:00:28:b7:86:b5:1e:71:1f:11:1b.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[192.168.1.128]:51898' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
linbin@192.168.1.128's password:
Last login: Wed Nov 25 09:03:28 2015 from 192.168.1.1
[linbin@lb ~]$

本文出自 “所谓的命运 不同的选择” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://dongshi.blog.51cto.com/5145353/1716285