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MariaDB数据库介绍之二、复制

2015-11-07 20:46 579 查看

上篇文章介绍了MariaDB数据库的备份工具及实现的几种方法，这次介绍MariaDB数据库的复制，首选介绍什么是mysql的复制？
一、复制概述
1.1、复制可以解决什么问题？

数据复制技术有以下一些特点：
(1) 数据分布
(2) 负载平衡(load balancing)，只针对读操作
(3) 数据库的备份
(4) 高可用性(high availability)和容错

1.2、复制如何进行

(1) master将数据库的改变记录到二进制日志(binary log)中（这些记录叫做二进制日志事件）；
(2) slave通过I/O线程将master的binary log events拷贝到它的中继日志(relay log)；
(3) slave再通过SQL线程replay中继日志中的事件，将改变保存至自己的数据文件中。

二、通过以下几个模型进行介绍：

2.1、主从
2.2、主主
2.3、半同步复制
2.4、基于ssl的复制

测试环境: centos 7自带的mariadb-server；
master：172.16.116.231 ；slave：172.16.116.232

2.1、主从复制

①主从配置过程：
master：
(1) 启动二进制日志；
[mysqld]
log_bin=mysql-bin
2) 为当前节点设置一个全局唯一的server_id号；
[mysqld]
server_id=1
(3) 创建有复制权限的用户账号；
REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT

从节点： (1) 启动中继日志； [mysqld] relay_log=relay-log (2) 为当前节点设置一个全局惟的ID号； [mysqld] server_id=11 (3) 使用有复制权限的用户账号连接至主服务器，并启动复制线程； mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO ~~ mysql> START SLAVE [IO_THREAD|SQL_THREAD];

②实现过程如下：
master：172.16.11.231

# yum install -y mariadb-server   //master/slave节点安装MySQL数据库
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
log_bin=mysql-bin                  //开启二进制
server_id=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
skip_name_resolve=1
ssl

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'copy'@'172.16.116.232' identified by 'passwd';              //用户授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;    //查看使用二进制日志文件的位置
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      494 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

MariaDB [(none)]> create database testdb;     //测试从服务器是否可以复制
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      581 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

slave：172.16.11.232

# yum install -y mariadb-server   //master/slave节点安装MySQL数据库
[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
relay_log=relay-log              //开启中继日志
server_id=11                     //id号
innodb_file_per_table=1          //innodb存储引擎每表一个表空间
skip_name_resolve=1              //跳过名称反解
ssl                              //启用ssl

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='172.16.116.231',master_user='copy',master_password='passwd',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=494;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;        //启动复制线程
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 172.16.116.231
Master_User: copy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 494
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 494
Relay_Log_Space: 245
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.116.231
Master_User: copy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 581
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 616
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 581
Relay_Log_Space: 904
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;         //复制没问题
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| testdb             |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

2.2、主主复制;互为主从

① 配置过程

（1）各节点设置一个全局唯一的server_id号（2）各节点都启用log_bin 和relay_log
（3）创建有复制权限的用户账号
REPLICATION SLAVE ; REPLICATION CLIENT （4）定义自动增长id字段的数值范围为奇偶配置一个节点使用奇数id
auto_increment_offset=1
auto_increment_increment=2
另一个节点使用偶数id
auto_increment_offset=2
auto_increment_increment=2
（5）均把对方指定为主节点，并启动复制线程

② 实现过程如下
master：172.16.116.231

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
log_bin=mysql-bin                //开启二进制日志
relay_log=relay-log              //开启中继日志
server_id=1                     //id号
innodb_file_per_table=1          //innodb存储引擎每表一个表空间
skip_name_resolve=1              //跳过名称反解
ssl
auto_increment_offset=1         //自动增长id段使用奇数
auto_increment_increment=2

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'copy'@'172.16.116.232' identified by 'passwd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      504 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]>  change master to master_host='172.16.116.232',master_user='copy',master_password='passwd',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=504;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.38 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;             //启动复制线程
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> create database testdb;     //测试，创建新的数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

//在172.16.116.231的MySQL数据库中查看是否存在表及其表中数据
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from testdb.student;
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
|  2 | tom   |
|  4 | jerry |
+----+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//存在，同样新增2条数据
MariaDB [(none)]> insert into testdb.student(name) value ('blue'),('red');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

slave：172.16.116.232

[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
log_bin=mysql-bin
relay_log=relay-log
server_id=11
innodb_file_per_table=1
skip_name_resolve=1
ssl

auto_increment_offset=2
auto_increment_increment=2

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'copy'@'172.16.116.231' identified by 'passwd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      504 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>  change master to master_host='172.16.116.231',master_user='copy',master_password='passwd',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=504;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;            //启动复制线程
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;    //查看是否同步成功，可以看到有testdb数据库
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| testdb             |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//在172.16.116.232的MySQL数据库中创建表student并插入2条数据
MariaDB [(none)]> use testdb;
Database changed
MariaDB [testdb]> create table student(id int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key,name char(20) not null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.37 sec)
MariaDB [testdb]> insert into student(name) value ('tom'),('jerry');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

//可以看到下表中的数据，同步没问题！！
MariaDB [testdb]> select * from testdb.student;
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
|  2 | tom   |
|  4 | jerry |
|  5 | blue  |
|  7 | red   |
+----+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.3、半同步复制
① 配置过程：

实现半同步复制的功能很简单，只需在mysql的主服务器和从服务器上安装个google提供的插件即可实现，master上使用semisync_master.so，slave上使用semisync_slave.so插件即可实现，插件在mysql通用二进制的mysql/lib/plugin目录内；rpm包安装的 /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/目录内。注：在从服务器开启半同步的时候，建立数据库很快；关闭从服务器的I/O线程的时候，主服务器创建数据库的时候会等待，当超过超时时间的时候才会创建；一旦超时，会自动降级为异步，再次执行操作不会等待

// 主服务器上需要安装的插件
MariaDB [(none)]> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_master soname 'semisync_master.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show global variables like '%semi%';
+------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                      | Value |
+------------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled       | OFF   |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout       | 10000 |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level   | 32    |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON    |
+------------------------------------+-------+

//从服务器上需要安装的插件
MariaDB [(none)]> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_slave soname 'semisync_slave.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show global variables like '%semi%';

②其配置步骤如下；主从复制模型测试~~master：

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
log_bin=mysql-bin                //开启二进制日志
server_id=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
skip_name_resolve=1
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1      //开启半同步复制； 配置完成重启mariadb服务
rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=5000
//设置复制的超时时间，单位为毫秒，超过这个时长，会自动降级为异步复制

MariaDB [(none)]> show global variables like '%semi%';
+------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                      | Value |
+------------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled       | ON    |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout       | 5000  |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level   | 32    |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON    |
+------------------------------------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'copy'@'172.16.116.232' identified by 'passwd';             //授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected (5.01 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;        //查看二进制日志的事件位置
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000004 |      419 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

slave：

[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
relay_log=relay-log
server_id=11
innodb_file_per_table=1
skip_name_resolve=1
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1       //开启半同步复制 ； 配置完成重启mariadb服务

MariaDB [(none)]> show global variables like '%semi%';
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                   | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled     | ON    |
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32    |
+---------------------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='172.16.116.231',master_user='copy',master_password='passwd',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',master_log_pos=419;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;//启动复制线程，看到上图显示Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients=1
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.116.231
Master_User: copy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 419
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 529
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 419
Relay_Log_Space: 817
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

测试过程如下~~~

master上创建新的数据库；创建test1的时候很快的速度就完成了；在创建test2之前，关闭slave的io_thread，可以看到创建test2会有延迟，到达设定的值5m的时候（rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=5000）才会创建完成；但是再创建test3的时候会很快完成，说明确实降级为异步复制了
MariaDB [(none)]> create database test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
//在slave上执行 stop slave io_thread;
MariaDB [(none)]> create database test2;
Query OK, 1 row affected (5.00 sec)       //看到延迟为5m

MariaDB [(none)]> create database test3;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show global status like '%semi%';
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                              | Value |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients               | 0     |     //客户端为0
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time     | 17088 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time         | 85444 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits             | 5     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times              | 3     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx                 | 4     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status                | OFF   |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures     | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time      | 697   |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time          | 1394  |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits              | 2     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions         | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx                | 2     |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.4、基于ssl实现主从复制
mariadb数据复制是明文的，为了加强数据内容安全性，基于ssl实现对复制内容的加密。

实现过程：

2.4.1、创建CA，并自签证书

#  echo 01 > /etc/pki/CA/serial
#  touch /etc/pki/CA/index.txt
# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem 2048)
# openssl req -new -x509 -key /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem -out /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem -days 3650
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:Beijing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:mariadb
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:it
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:CA
Email Address []:ca@haha.com

//为主服务器（172.16.116.231）颁发证书
#openssl ca -in master.csr -out master.crt -days 365
//为从服务器（172.16.116.232）颁发证书；
#openssl ca -in slave.csr -out slave.crt -days 365

2.4.2、主服务器（172.16.116.231）申请证书；

# hostname master
[root@master ~]# mkdir /etc/mysql/ssl
[root@master ~]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out /etc/mysql/ssl/master.key 2048)
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.....................................................................+++
...................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
[root@master ~]# openssl req -new -key /etc/mysql/ssl/master.key -out /etc/mysql/ssl/master.csr
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:Beijing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:mariadb
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:it
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:master
Email Address []:master@haha.com

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:

2.4.3、为从服务器（172.16.116.232）颁发证书；

# hostname slave
[root@slave ~]# mkdir /etc/mysql/ssl
[root@slave ~]# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out /etc/mysql/ssl/slave.key 2048)
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.+++
...+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
[root@slave ~]# openssl req -new -key /etc/mysql/ssl/slave.key -out /etc/mysql/ssl/slave.csr

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:Beijing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:mariadb
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:it
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:slave
Email Address []:slave@haha.com

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:

2.4.4、修改CA证书权限及mysql的配置文件；将CA证书的公钥cacert.pem复制到主从服务器中
master

[root@master ~]# cp cacert.pem /etc/mysql/ssl/
[root@master ~]# cd /etc/mysql/ssl/
[root@master ssl]# chown -R mysql.mysql ./*
[root@master ssl]# chmod 600 ./*

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
log_bin=mysql-log
server_id=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
skip_name_resolve=1
ssl
ssl_ca=/etc/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem
ssl_cert=/etc/mysql/ssl/master.crt
ssl_key=/etc/mysql/ssl/master.key

slave

[root@slave ~]# cp cacert.pem /etc/mysql/ssl/
[root@slave ~]# cd /etc/mysql/ssl/
[root@slave ssl]# chown -R mysql.mysql ./*
[root@slave ssl]# chmod 600 ./*
[root@slave ssl]# ll
total 16
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1367 Nov  7 20:19 cacert.pem
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 4544 Nov  7 20:17 slave.crt
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1675 Nov  7 20:14 slave.key

[root@slave ssl]# vim /etc/my.cnf
relay_log=relay-log
server_id=11
innodb_file_per_table=1
skip_name_resolve=1
ssl
ssl_ca=/etc/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem
ssl_cert=/etc/mysql/ssl/slave.crt
ssl_key=/etc/mysql/ssl/slave.key

2.4.5、启动mysql服务；授权用户；测试复制是否加密
master

MariaDB [(none)]> show global variables like '%ssl%';
+---------------+------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                        |
+---------------+------------------------------+
| have_openssl  | YES                          |
| have_ssl      | YES                          |
| ssl_ca        | /etc/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem |
| ssl_capath    |                              |
| ssl_cert      | /etc/mysql/ssl/master.crt |
| ssl_cipher    |                              |
| ssl_key       | /etc/mysql/ssl/master.key |
+---------------+------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'copy'@'172.16.116.232' identified by 'passwd' require ssl;     //授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-log.000003 |      506 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

测试~~~
MariaDB [(none)]> create database testdb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-log.000003 |      779 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

slave

MariaDB [(none)]> show  global variables like '%ssl%';
+---------------+---------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                     |
+---------------+---------------------------+
| have_openssl  | YES                       |
| have_ssl      | YES                       |
| ssl_ca        | /etc/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem |
| ssl_capath    |                           |
| ssl_cert      | /etc/mysql/ssl/slave.crt  |
| ssl_cipher    |                           |
| ssl_key       | /etc/mysql/ssl/slave.key  |
+---------------+---------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='172.16.116.231',master_user='copy',master_password='sql-log.000003',master_log_pos=506,master_ssl=1,master_ssl_ca='/etc/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem',master_ssl.crt',master_ssl_key='/etc/mysql/ssl/slave.key';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='172.16.116.231',master_user='copy',master_password='sql-log.000003',master_log_pos=506,master_ssl=1,master_ssl_ca='/etc/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem',master_ssl.crt',master_ssl_key='/etc/mysql/ssl/slave.key';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.116.231
Master_User: copy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-log.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 506
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 529
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-log.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes            //准备就绪
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes            //准备就绪
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 506
Relay_Log_Space: 817
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes
Master_SSL_CA_File: /etc/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert: /etc/mysql/ssl/slave.crt
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key: /etc/mysql/ssl/slave.key
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

//查看测试的结果；复制成功！~~
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| testdb             |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.116.231
Master_User: copy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-log.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 779                    //复制的位置是779
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 802
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-log.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 779
Relay_Log_Space: 1090
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes
Master_SSL_CA_File: /etc/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert: /etc/mysql/ssl/slave.crt
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key: /etc/mysql/ssl/slave.key
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

至此，MariaDB数据库的复制的几种模型介绍完毕！ O(∩_∩)O 谢谢~~~

本文出自 “bengbengtu” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://bengbengtu.blog.51cto.com/9505633/1710645

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